Project 677

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Project 677
B-585, 2010
B-585, 2010
Ship data
country RussiaRussia (naval war flag) Russia
Ship type Submarine
draft ruby
Shipyard Saint Petersburg Admiralty Shipyard
Construction period Since 1997
Commissioning 2007
Units built 1
Ship dimensions and crew
length
67 m ( Lüa )
width 7.1 m
Draft Max. 6.5 m
displacement surfaced: 1765 t
submerged: 2700 t
 
crew 35 men
Machine system
machine 2 × D-49 diesel engines 1250  kW
1 × electric motor 4100 kW
Machine
performance 		6,600 kW (combined)
propeller 1
Mission data submarine
Diving depth, normal 250 m
Immersion depth, max. 300 m
Top
speed
submerged 		21 kn
Top
speed
surfaced 		11 kn
Armament

ammunition

The Project 677 Lada ( Russian Проект 677 Лада ) is a submarine class of the Russian Navy . The Lada class represents the fourth post-war generation of diesel - electric submarines in the Soviet / Russian naval fleet. The class is sometimes also called the “Sankt-Peterburg-Klasse” after the type ship. The Russian naval fleet originally planned to procure at least 40 Lada-class units. The Northern Fleet , the Pacific Fleet , the Baltic Fleet and the Black Sea Fleet were to receive ten boats each. Serious technical deficiencies ensured that the Russian Navy refrained from purchasing further boats from Project 677 in 2012 and declared that it wanted to equip itself elsewhere. In February 2013, however, the series production of the Lada class was decided. As of 2014, 8 units were still planned, 1 of which was already in service, 2 more under construction and 5 planned. On January 19, 2016, the final "end" for the procurement of the Lada class was announced; the two boats that have already started will be completed. The Kalina project with an external air-independent drive is to be developed as the successor to the Lada class . Contrary to the presentation from 2016 that no more Ladas would be procured, according to a shipyard announcement, contracts for the construction of two more boats will be signed in 2019. This announcement is supplemented by a statement by the Commander in Chief of the Navy, Vladimir Ivanovich Korolev , who said on December 3, 2018 that at least 12 boats are now to be built.

development

The Russian construction office Rubin Design originally designed five variants of Project 677:

  • Project 677 Lada for the Russian naval fleet,
  • Project 677-1850 Amur-1850 , largest export variant, u. a. designed to support combat swimmers ,
  • Project 677-1650 Amur-1650 ,
  • Project 677-950 Amur-950 , export variant with the anti-ship missile system SS-N-26 , but also combinable with the system SS-N-27 (Klub-S),
  • Project 677-550 Amur-550 , smallest export variant based on the "Amur-950", for use in coastal waters.

Project 677 was developed in the early 1990s as the successor to the well-known Project 877 Paltus (NATO: "Kilo-Class"). It is specially tailored to the requirements placed on conventionally powered submarines by the Russian naval forces. These include the operational capability for operations in shallow coastal waters under arctic and tropical conditions, securing the defense bastions of the strategic underwater cruisers , covert operations close to the opposing coast, support for our own surface forces and close defense of our own bases. For the export market the variant Amur-1650 (occasionally also "Amur class") was designed, which is basically the same structure, but is not equipped with the same weapon and sensor systems or can be equipped with different technology at the customer's request.

design

With the Lada class, the Russian naval fleet put single-hull submarines back into service for the first time since the Alfa class . Outwardly, they are similar to Project 877, but can be distinguished from it by the front depth rudder attached to the tower and the upper rudder of the rudder cross protruding out of the water . The pressure hull also forms the outer shell of the submarine. The maximum diving depth is given as 300 meters.

Sections

The pressure hull is divided into five departments. These are - named from front to aft - arranged as follows:

  • Bow space with torpedo and missile devices,
  • Operations center,
  • Accommodation areas,
  • Diesel engine room,
  • Electrical machine room.

Rescue systems

The bow and electrical engine room are designed as rescue rooms for emergencies and have docking points for DSRV rescue systems . There are two inflatable life rafts in the tower that can each hold 20 people.

Propulsion and emissions

The Lada class has a classic diesel-electric drive. With the Kalina project , the use of an external air-independent drive with Kristal 27E fuel cells for later units was considered. The project failed due to technical hurdles. The machines, pumps and units are mounted with low vibration and the hull is covered with a sound-absorbing layer. As a result, the Lada class should be significantly quieter than the Kilo class, which is already known to be very quiet. The sound-absorbing coating of the outer shell dampens sonar reflections and thus reduces the likelihood of detection by enemy anti-submarine units.

Due to the high degree of automation, the crew size could be reduced to 35 men. A ship control system ensures the technical safety of the boat in sea operation. The sea endurance is given as 45 days.

Armament and equipment

Cutaway model of the Armur-1650 design

The Lada class is equipped with six bow torpedo tubes of caliber 533 mm. Up to 18 total USET-80 K torpedoes or Cal - anti-ship missiles are carried. With a pure mine load 24 sea mines can be carried. There is also the option of removing and resuming combat swimmers .

Technical specifications

Type: Lada (Amur-1850) Amur-1650 Amur-950 (Amur-550)
Displacement (emerged): 1765 t 1900 t 1765 t 1150 t 550 t
Displacement (submerged): 2300 t 2600 t 2300 t 1550 t 700 t
Length: 66.70 m 72 m 66.70 m 58.8 m 46 m
Width: 7.1 m 5.65 m 4.4 m
Draft: 6 m 2.5-3 m
Diesel engine power: 2 × 1250 kW
Electric motor power: 1 × 4100 kW
Speed ​​submerged: 21 kn 20 kn 18 kn
Speed ​​surfaced: 11 kn
Maximum diving depth: 300 m
Sea endurance: 45 days 60 days 45 days 30 days 20 days
Driving distance electric motor at 3 kn: 650 nm 350 nm 250 nm
Driving distance diesel engine at 7 kn: 6000 nm 3000 nm 1500 nm
Crew: 35 men 45 men 35 men 18 men
Torpedo tubes: 6th 4th
Torpedoes or
missiles calibr:		 18th 6th 8th
or mines: 24 - 12 1
Missile silos for SS-N-26: - 10 -

1 = estimated

variants

Project 677 Amur-1850

The Amur-1850 variant was the largest export variant. The development was stopped for financial reasons.

Project 677 Amur-1650

The Amur-1650 variant is basically just a Lada with modified or slimmed-down equipment.

Project 677 Amur-950

The Amur-950 variant is an SSG modification of the Lada class. It is the first conventional submarine with vertical launch systems (VLS) for anti-ship missiles. The VLS is located behind the tower structure, which makes the Amur-950 externally similar to the SSBNs of the old Yankee class . The boat is capable of launching a rocket strike with SS-N-26 (P-800-Jachont) guided weapons at sea or land targets 300 km away. By housing the missiles in separate tubes, all rockets can be fired within two minutes without having to reload and block the torpedo tubes.

Project 677 Amur-550

This smallest design was designed solely for operations in coastal waters. The development was stopped.

units

B-585 Sankt Peterburg

On December 26, 1997 the first boat, B-585 Sankt Peterburg , was laid down at the Admiralty Shipyard in Saint Petersburg . The shipyard financed the construction in advance, delivery was announced for 2001. The construction of the boat stalled for financial reasons, was eventually stopped and later resumed. On October 28, 2004, the Sankt-Peterburg was finally launched. At the St. Petersburg International Marine Defense Show 2005 which was St. Petersburg in June / July presented to the public of 2005. In the same year she was officially put into service at WMF , but remained in the yard trials. In 2007 it was taken over by WMF and spent the next two years on test drives. Due to difficulties with the completion of the hydroacoustic equipment of the boat, the information and combat management system and the main power system, it was decided in 2009 to postpone the launch of the two boats B-586 and B-587 until 2019. In 2010 the St. Peterburg was put into active service in the naval fleet and assigned to the Baltic fleet . In February 2012, the Navy finally announced that it did not want to pursue the project any further because it was apparently not technically mature and there was constant need for retrofitting. In the summer of 2012, the St. Peterburg was placed under the northern fleet. Until 2014, she undertook further test drives, which were not yet completed in 2018 (as of September 2018). The navy continued to criticize that the boat was not ready for series production .

Amur-1650

The first boat of the Amur class was laid down at the same time as the St. Peterburg on December 26, 1997. The boat was started for an unspecified foreign navy, its commissioning was planned for 2002. It has been speculated that the submarine, baptized Amur , was commissioned by either India or the People's Republic of China , but neither country bought the boat. It is currently (as of May 2016) no further construction.

B-586 Kronstadt

On July 28, 2005, the second boat in the Lada class was laid down. Trials for B-586 Kronstadt should begin in 2007; construction was halted in 2014. In 2018, completion is expected in 2019 and a takeover by the Navy in 2020. The boat was launched on September 20, 2018, according to a significantly modified design.

B-587 Velikiye Luki

On November 10, 2006, the third boat was laid as the B-587 Sevastopol , which was originally intended to be handed over to the Black Sea Fleet after its completion . After a construction freeze, a "second keel-laying" took place on March 19, 2015 at the St. Petersburg Admiralty Shipyard. Due to a design change, the boat should have a new project no. received and later join the Northern Fleet as Velikije Luki .

Users

1 × Project 677, since May 2010. Of the other seven originally planned boats, only two are expected to be completed.

Planned purchases

4 × Project 677 (Amur-1650), letter of intent signed in March 2013, a final contract was announced for 2015 (as of November 2016).
1 × Project 677 (Amur-1650), is said to have signed a letter of intent in March 2016.

literature

  • J. Apalkow: Корабли ВМФ СССР. Многоцелевые ПЛ и ПЛ спецназначания. (For example: Ships of the USSR - multipurpose submarines and special submarines. ) Saint Petersburg 2003, ISBN 5-8172-0069-4 (Russian).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Konstantin Bogdanow, RIA Novosti, "Russia's Navy Overturns Submarine Project" of February 13, 2012
  2. ↑ Russia's Ministry of Defense orders the construction of non-nuclear “Lada” submarines. In: RIA Novosti. February 13, 2013, accessed November 30, 2014 .
  3. ↑ В России прекращено строительство подлодок проекта 677 "Лада". In: RIA Novosti. January 19, 2016, accessed on May 30, 2016 (Russian, construction of the “Lada” submarines discontinued).
  4. ↑ https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/5585175 "Адмиралтейские верфи" планируют подписать в 2018 году контракт еще ка две подл "Лдве подл"
  5. ↑ https://www.janes.com/article/85190/russian-navy-to-acquire-12-new-lada-class-submarines
  6. ^ Project 1650 Amur class. Diesel-Electric Torpedo Submarine. In: globalsecurity.org. Retrieved November 30, 2014 .
  7. ^ Norman Polmar, Kenneth J. Moore: Cold War submarines: The design and construction of US and Soviet submarines, 1945-2001. Brassey's, 2004, ISBN 1-57488-594-4 , p. 217.
  8. ↑ a b Konstantin Bogdanow & Ilya Kramnik: The Russian Navy in the 21st Century: The Legacy and the New Path. (PDF) In: cna.org. College of the North Atlantic - Center for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies, October 26, 2018, accessed November 9, 2018 .
  9. ↑ Kyle Mizokami: The Kilo-Class Submarine: Why Russia's Enemies Fear "The Black Hole". In: nationalinterest.org. October 23, 2016, accessed April 10, 2018 .
  10. ↑ J. Apalkow: Корабли ВМФ СССР. Многоцелевые ПЛ и ПЛ спецназначания. P.56.
  11. ^ Ilja Kramnik: Incident on Russian submarine reveals crisis. In: de.sputniknews.com. November 23, 2009, accessed November 3, 2016 .
  12. ↑ a b c d e Project 677 Lada class - Project 1650 Amur class - Diesel-Electric Torpedo Submarine. Class listing. In: globalsecurity.org. Retrieved November 30, 2014 .
  13. ↑ http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/5052049 Подлодку "Кронштадт" спустят на воду в 2019 году
  14. ↑ https://flotprom.ru/2018/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D0% B9% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0% 92% D0% B5% D1% 80% D1% 84% D0% B811 /
  15. ↑ Russia's Black Sea Fleet is being renewed , accessed on April 13, 2010.
  16. ↑ Армия и ОПК - Источник: третью подлодку типа "Лада" перезаложат в Петербурге 19 марта. In: tass.ru. ТАСС, accessed March 20, 2015 (Russian).
  17. ↑ Закладка подводной лодки "Великие Луки" проекта 677. In: bmpd.livejournal.com. Retrieved March 20, 2015 (Russian).
  18. ↑ Project 677 Lada Class / Project 1650 Amur Class Submarines. Retrieved March 26, 2013 .
  19. ^ Fighter jets and submarines - Russia is arming China. Retrieved on March 26, 2013 (German).
  20. ↑ China buys Russian planes and submarines. Retrieved on March 26, 2013 (German).
  21. ↑ Swiss soldier : July / August 2016, page 70, Morocco , accessed on October 27, 2016
  22. ↑ Morocco In Talks on Su-34 Bomber, Amur-1650 Diesel-Electric Submarine. (No longer available online.) August 11, 2016, archived from the original on October 17, 2016 ; accessed on November 1, 2016 .
  23. ↑ Asmae Habchaoui: Morocco Could Acquire Russian bombers Submarine. August 15, 2016, accessed October 28, 2016 .

Web links

Commons : Project 677  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files