Propargite
Structural formula | |||||||||||||||||||
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Simplified structural formula without stereochemistry | |||||||||||||||||||
General | |||||||||||||||||||
Surname | Propargite | ||||||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 19 H 26 O 4 S | ||||||||||||||||||
Brief description |
Solid, technical grade liquid |
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properties | |||||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 350.48 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Physical state |
solid or liquid |
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density |
1.113 g cm −3 |
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boiling point |
210 ° C (decomposition) |
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Vapor pressure |
0.00404 mPa (25 ° C) |
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solubility |
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safety instructions | |||||||||||||||||||
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Toxicological data | |||||||||||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Propargit is a mixture of several isomeric chemical compounds from the group of organosulphites ( esters of sulphurous acid ).
Extraction and presentation
Propargitol can be prepared by reacting 4- tert- butylphenol with the 1,2-epoxycyclohexane , followed by reaction with thionyl chloride and propargyl alcohol in the presence of a base.
properties
As a technical product, propargite is a yellowish brown liquid that is practically insoluble in water.
use
Propargit is used outside Europe as a plant protection product ( acaricide ) under the brand names Omite and Comite .
Admission
The approval of the active ingredient in the European Union was withdrawn in 2011, the use-by period ended at the end of 2012.
No plant protection products containing this active ingredient are permitted in the EU or Switzerland .
It was first approved in the USA in 1969.
Hazard assessment
Propargit was included by the EU in 2015 in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH) in the context of substance evaluation in the Community's ongoing action plan ( CoRAP ). The effects of the substance on human health and the environment are re-evaluated and, if necessary, follow-up measures are initiated. The reasons for the inclusion of propargite were concerns regarding the dangers arising from a possible assignment to the group of PBT / vPvB substances and as a potential endocrine disruptor . The re-evaluation has been running since 2019 and is carried out by the Netherlands .
further reading
- S. Sarkar, S. Seenivasan, RP Asir: Biodegradation of propargite by Pseudomonas putida, isolated from tea rhizosphere. In: Journal of hazardous materials. Volume 174, Numbers 1-3, February 2010, pp. 295-298, ISSN 1873-3336 . doi : 10.1016 / j.jhazmat.2009.09.050 . PMID 19892461 .
- BK Kang, G. Jyot et al. a .: Dissipation kinetics of propargite in brinjal fruits under subtropical conditions of Punjab, India. In: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology . Volume 82, Number 2, February 2009, pp. 248-250, doi : 10.1007 / s00128-008-9610-7 . PMID 19009222 .
- V. Kumar, C. Sood, et al. a .: Dissipation behavior of propargite – an acaricide residues in soil, apple (Malus pumila) and tea (Camellia sinensis). In: Chemosphere . Volume 58, Number 6, February 2005, pp. 837-843, doi : 10.1016 / j.chemosphere.2004.06.032 . PMID 15621197 .
- L. Yu, R. Schoen et al. a .: Determination of o-phenylphenol, diphenylamine, and propargite pesticide residues in selected fruits and vegetables by gas chromatography / mass spectrometry. In: Journal of AOAC International . Volume 80, Number 3, 1997, pp. 651-656, PMID 9170661 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Entry on propargite in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b Entry on Propargite in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) of the University of Hertfordshire , accessed on July 31, 2013.
- ^ Cornell University: propargite (Omite, Comite) Chemical Fact Sheet 9/86
- ↑ Entry on Propargite in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on August 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
- ^ Entry on Propargite in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank , accessed July 29, 2012.
- ↑ Thomas A. Unger: Pesticide synthesis handbook . 1996, ISBN 978-0-8155-1401-5 , pp. 991 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ↑ EU: Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 943/2011 of the Commission of September 22, 2011 on the non-approval of the active substance propargite according to Regulation (EC) No. 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the placing of plant protection products on the market and amending the Commission Decision 2008/934 / EC
- ↑ General Directorate Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on propargite in the EU pesticide database; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on March 27, 2016.
- ↑ EPA: Propargite RED Facts
- ↑ Community rolling action plan ( CoRAP ) of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): Propargite , accessed on March 26, 2019.