Roman camp Anreppen

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Reconstruction of a section of the double ditch and the course of the camp wall (indicated by a hedge) of the Roman camp Anreppen

The Anreppen Roman camp is located in the Anreppen district of the city of Delbrück , Paderborn district .

It was discovered in 1968 by Anton Doms from the Westphalian Museum of Archeology - Office for Monument Preservation , Bielefeld branch . In 1967 a farmer found a yellow shard here while building a Runkel rent .

With the excavations that Doms carried out from 1968 to 1982, the course of the defense and thus also the size of the camp could be determined. The camp has the shape of an irregular, 23 hectare long oval and is located directly on today's south bank of the Lippe . It was built as a so-called wood-earth warehouse, just like the other Roman camps on the Lippe: Holsterhausen , Haltern , Olfen , Beckinghausen and Oberaden . The fortification consisted of a wood-earth wall with two pointed ditches in front of it . The interior of the camp initially remained unexplored by Anton Doms.

Between 1988 and 2004 the Westphalian Museum of Archeology - Office for the Preservation of Landscapes under the direction of Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn excavated large areas inside the camp. The 47.5 × 71 m commanders' house ( praetorium ), other, partly representative residential buildings, a thermal bath building with a furnace system that has been renewed several times, a 56 × 68 m storage facility ( horreum ) at the south gate and, within a separately demarcated area, have now been proven . however, smaller granaries near the east gate. Crew accommodations were found on the southern via sagularis (Wallstrasse) and on the via praetoria as well as at the south gate and the east gate. Because of the unusually large number of storage facilities, Anreppen will have served, among other things, as a supply base for the troops operating further east.

About 500 m east of the camp, two sections of an unpaved Roman road have been identified. An older Roman pointed ditch in the eastern part of the camp speaks for a two-period use of the square.

Wooden beams and a lump with nails

The time when the Roman camp Anreppen was founded can be determined relatively easily. The Roman historian Velleius Paterculus (2, 105) reports on a campaign by Tiberius in AD 4 in the course of the immensum bellum of the construction of a winter camp at the sources of the Lippe . A piece of timber from a crew latrine dated to the year 5 AD fits this. The end date of use is less precise. The find material belongs to the first decade AD, possibly the end of Anreppen can be connected with the consequences of the clades Variana (the defeat of Varus in the Varus Battle of 9 AD). Despite this apparently very short period of use, the warehouse was subject to various modifications and repairs.

Thüle's residence was discovered in 1975 just 3.5 km south of the Roman camp .

literature

  • Anton Doms: The discovery of the Roman camp in Anreppen in 1968 . In: Westfalen 48, 1970, pp. 160ff.
  • Peter Glüsing: Additional remarks on the end dating of the early Roman Lippelager Anreppen and Haltern. Extended contribution to the discussion . In: Rainer Wiegels (Hrsg.): The found coins from Kalkriese and the early imperial coinage . Bibliopolis, Möhnesee 2000, ISBN 3-933925-12-6 ( Osnabrück research on antiquity and the reception of antiquity , volume 3).
  • Peter Ilisch : The coins from the Roman military installations in Westphalia . In: Wolfgang Schlueter , Rainer Wiegels (ed.): Rome, Germania and the excavations of Kalkriese . Rasch, Osnabrück 1999, ISBN 3-932147-25-1 ( Osnabrück research on antiquity and the reception of antiquity , volume 1).
  • Peter Ilisch: The coins from the Roman camp Anreppen. In: Yearbook for Numismatics and Monetary History 66, 2016, pp. 1–29.
  • Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn : The Augustan military camp on the Lippe . In: Heinz-Günter Horn (Hrsg.): Archeology in North Rhine-Westphalia. History in the heart of Europe . Zabern, Mainz 1990, ISBN 3-8053-1138-9 , pp. 169-186.
  • Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn: The camp centers of the Roman military camps of Oberaden and Anreppen . In: Rudolf Asskamp, ​​Stephan Berke (editor): The Roman occupation north of the Alps at the time of Augustus . Aschendorff, Münster 1991, ISBN 3-402-05139-7 .
  • Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn: Germaniam pacavi - I pacified Germania. Archaeological sites of the Augustan occupation . Westfälisches Museum für Aräologie, Münster 1995, pp. 130–144, Appendix 3.
  • Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn: The excavations in the Westphalian Roman camps Oberaden and Anreppen . In: Heinz-Günter Horn u. a. (Ed.): A country makes history . Archeology in North Rhine-Westphalia . Zabern, Mainz 1995, ISBN 3-8053-1793-X , pp. 203-209.
  • Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn: Ancient reports confirmed by excavations . In: Archeology in Germany 3/1999, pp. 6–12.
  • Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn: The excavations in the Westphalian Roman camps . In: Heinz-Günter Horn et al. (Ed.): From the beginning. Archeology in North Rhine-Westphalia . Zabern, Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3467-2 , pp. 119–127 ( writings on the preservation of soil monuments in North Rhine-Westphalia 8).
  • Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn: Between domination and integration. The testimonies of archeology . In: Rainer Wiegels (Ed.): The Varus Battle. Turning point in history? . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1760-5 , pp. 65-94, in particular pp. 86-91.
  • Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn: Anreppen, City of Delbrück, District of Paderborn. Roman camp in Westphalia 4th Antiquities Commission for Westphalia, Münster 2009, ISSN  1866-640X .
  • Johann-Sebastian Kühlborn: Romans in the Paderborn region. Anreppen, the headquarters of Tiberius . In: Guide to the prehistory and early history of the Hochstift districts of Paderborn and Höxter. Volume 3 (Marsberg 2014) pp. 1-42, ISBN 978-3-932610-51-6 .
  • Siegmar von Schnurbein : Investigations into the history of the Roman military camps on the Lippe . In: Report of the Roman-Germanic Commission 62, 1981, pp. 29–32, ISSN  0341-9312 .
  • Siegmar von Schnurbein: New excavations in Haltern, Oberaden and Anreppen . In: Philip Freeman et al. (Ed.): Limes XVIII. Proceedings of the XVIIIth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies . Archaeopress, Oxford 2002.

Web links

Coordinates: 51 ° 44 ′ 16 ″  N , 8 ° 35 ′ 35 ″  E