Raimund Margreiter

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Raimund Margreiter (born May 16, 1941 ) is an Austrian surgeon. Due to his pioneering achievements in the field of transplant medicine , for example the first heart transplant in Austria in 1983, he also gained international fame outside the medical community.

Life

Raimund Margreiter at the 2013 New Year's reception at the Medical University of Innsbruck. Image: (c) MUI / PR

Raimund Margreiter was born in Fügen in the Zillertal . His grandfather and great-grandfather were doctors; the register books of the parishes of Fügen and Uderns also show that another four direct ancestors were doctors, the first four being called surgeons. He completed his medical studies in Innsbruck and was awarded a Dr. med. PhD. After employment in Salzburg (industrial accident hospital, regional hospital), he returned to Innsbruck in 1967 to work as an assistant for surgery and completed his specialist training in general surgery at the Innsbruck University Clinic for Surgery .

Apart from a few short stays in the USA and England, he continued his professional career in Innsbruck, where he completed his habilitation in 1980. In 1981 Margreiter was appointed head of the Department of Transplant Surgery at the University Clinic for Surgery . From 1999 until his retirement in 2009 he was head of the surgical clinic.

plant

Margreiter had largely acquired her knowledge of transplant medicine through self-study. As an autodidact, he managed to set up a department that offered temporary ( dialysis , various methods of liver replacement therapy, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ventricle-supporting systems or artificial heart) as well as permanent replacement through transplantation for every form of organ failure .

Surgical building at Innsbruck University Hospital
Surgical building at Innsbruck University Hospital

In 1974 Margreiter and his team carried out the first successful kidney transplant in western Austria. In 1977 he began setting up a liver transplant program and a pancreas transplant two years later. In both areas he carried out the first successful transplant in Austria. Together with internal oncologists, he achieved the world's first combined liver-bone marrow transplant in 1982. On October 11, 1983, a transplant team led by Margreiter, with the support of Franz Gschnitzer , carried out the first heart transplant in Austria on the patient Josef Wimmer , and shortly afterwards the world's first combined liver-kidney transplant.

In 1985 Margreiter carried out the first Austrian heart-lung transplant and in 1987 the first double-lung transplant in the Eurotransplant area . In 1989 the world's first successful multivisceral transplant followed and in 1994 the first isolated intestinal transplant in the Eurotransplant area. The first islet cell transplant was carried out in 1995, the first partial liver transplant from a living donor in 1997. Both interventions were carried out for the first time in Austria. In the same year, the cluster transplant (liver, pancreas, duodenum) that had never been carried out in the euro transplant room succeeded.

His most prominent patient was the policeman Theo Kelz from Feldkirchen in Carinthia , who lost both hands while trying to defuse a bomb belonging to the bomber Franz Fuchs . In March 2000, he had two hands transplanted in an 18-hour operation. In 2003, the world's first transplant of both forearms followed. Margreiter is the only surgeon in the world who has transplanted every organ.

Margreiter is the founder of the Daniel Swarovski research laboratory at the Medical University of Innsbruck and co-founder of the Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute. He is the author of 738 original publications.

Sports

Margreiter was an avid adventurer and active athlete. He focused primarily on the three alpine sports of mountaineering , white water paddling and skiing .

In 1969 Margreiter was a member of the Tyrolean Andean expedition to Yerupaja Grande and the Tyrolean Hindu Kush expedition to Tirich Mir in 1970 . In 1970 he was involved in the rescue of Gert Judmair, who died on Mount Kenya , and in 1978 he took part in the successful Austrian Mount Everest expedition.

In addition to climbing three seven-thousanders and several six-thousanders, he and three members of the Academic Alpine Club Innsbruck made the first ascent of the southern pillar on Huascaran Süd in 1973.

In 1971 he led the first Himalayan paddle expedition, during which the Karadj in Persia and the Kabul River in Afghanistan were first sailed. In addition to the first ascent of the Gilgit and its source rivers, the Hunza and the upper reaches of the Astor , the entire Himalayan mountains up to Attock in the Pakistani lowlands were crossed on the Indus . In addition, the first ascent of the Swat and its source river Gabral also reached Saidu Sharif . In total, around 730 kilometers of white water were first driven on as part of this expedition.

In 1972 he was the first to travel the Marañón , the upper reaches of the Amazon from 3800 meters above sea level, through a V-valley that was about 700 to 800 kilometers long and deeply cut in the uppermost section, and from 2500 meters it was an inaccessible and uninhabited valley Gorge down to an altitude of 265 meters. During the first 80 kilometers, Wolfgang Nairz accompanied him on land. In the middle section, about 70 kilometers remained unused. Then the two managed the first ski ascent of the Nevado de Copa. In 1973 he made the first ascent of the Río Santa in Peru .

In 1976 he rode the rivers Agra Oya, Kelani Ganga, Kalu Ganga and Mahaweli Ganga in Sri Lanka for the first time with paddling world champions Kurt Presslmayr and Wolf Steinwendtner - also medal winners at the Canoe Slalom World Championships in 1955 and in 1985 the Maha Oya .

Margreiter won the medical ski world championships twice: 1970 in Val-d'Isère and 1971 in Cortina d'Ampezzo .

For his sporting successes, he was awarded the State Sports Badge and the Panathlon Trophy of the Innsbruck Club.

Filmography

Awards

  • 1996 first Rotary Award from the provinces of Bolzano and Trento
  • 2000 corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences
  • 2000 Austrian Congress Award
  • 2000 Rosolina honorary citizenship
  • 2000 Gold plaque of honor from the International Police Association
  • 2002 Honorary Doctorate from the University of Cluj Napoca
  • 2002 Honorary Member of the German Transplant Society (DTG)
  • 2004 Cross of Honor of the municipality of Fügen
  • 2004 Honorary Member of the Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery (SICCR)
  • 2007 Honorary member of the German Society for Visceral Surgery (DGVC)
  • 2007 Honorary Member of the Austrian Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology (ÖGGH)
  • 2008 honorary member of the Medical Society for Upper Austria
  • 2009 UPVI Award for Science and Research (University Professors Association Innsbruck)
  • 2009 Aquila di San Venceslao of the Province of Trento
  • 2009 honorary member of Austrotransplant
  • 2009 Certificate of Excellence from the Romanian Association for the Study of the Liver (RASL)
  • 2010 honorary member of the Austrian Society for Surgery
  • 2011 Annual Award Czech Transplant Foundation
  • 2011 honorary member of the Swiss Society for Surgery
  • 2012 Award of Excellence: 20 Years of European Transplant in Romania
  • 2013 Honorary member of the European Society of Organ Transplantation (ESOT)
  • 2013 Pioneer International Hand and Composite Tissue Allotransplantation Society (IHCTAS)
  • 2017 ILTS Distinguished Service Award (International Liver Transplantation Society)
  • 2017 IPITA Richard C. Lillehei Memorial Lecture Award (International Pancreas & Islet Transplantation Association)
  • 2017 Eurotransplant 50th Anniversary Award

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ History of Heart Transplantation. In: Website of the Medical University of Vienna. Retrieved May 11, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Austria's first heart transplant 30 years ago in Tyrol. In: Tyrolean daily newspaper. December 4, 2013, accessed May 11, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Medical University of Innsbruck: ALUMN-I-MED: President Raimund Margreiter invited to the traditional New Year's reception. January 18, 2013, accessed May 15, 2020 .
  4. ↑ a b Innsbruck Ring of Honor for Prof. Raimund Margreiter from May 24, 2007, accessed on February 18, 2011
  5. ↑ a b Entry on Raimund Margreiter in the Austria Forum  (biography)
  6. ↑ Haymon Verlag: Tirol lively remembers: Raimund Margreiter: Zeitzeugen im Interview . Haymon Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-7099-7673-9 ( google.at [accessed November 4, 2017]).
  7. ↑ Biography: Raimund Margreiter. In: University Clinic for Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery Innsbruck. Retrieved May 11, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Jubilee book - Eurotransplant. Retrieved November 4, 2017 (American English).
  9. ↑ Raimund Margreiter: Raimund Margreiter, MD, Emeritus Chair, Transplant Surgeon, Pioneer, and Adventurer . In: transplant . tape 102 , no. 10 , October 2018, ISSN  0041-1337 , p. 1588–1590 , doi : 10.1097 / TP.0000000000002237 ( lww.com [accessed November 5, 2018]).
  10. ^ R. Margreiter, F. Mühlbacher: The history of organ transplantation in Austria . tape 2 , no. 46 . Springer Vienna, 2014, ISSN  1682-8631 , p. 65-73 .
  11. ^ R. Margreiter: Transplantation in Austria - a historical review. In: Austrian Transplant Journal. MedMedia Verlag and Mediaservice GmbH, accessed on April 11, 2017 .
  12. ^ Daniel Swarovski Research Laboratory
  13. ↑ Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute
  14. ^ Raimund Margreiter | Publications. ResearchGate, accessed November 15, 2017 .
  15. ^ PubMed - NCBI: Margreiter R - PubMed - NCBI. Retrieved November 15, 2017 .
  16. ↑ Ulrich Schwabe: On wild waters through the Himalayas. Retrieved April 11, 2017 .
  17. ↑ Tyrolean State Prize for Science - Prize Winners 1984 to 2014 ( Memento of the original from October 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved October 14, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tirol.gv.at

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Margreiter, Raimund
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian surgeon
DATE OF BIRTH May 16, 1941
PLACE OF BIRTH Fuegen (Zillertal)