Rathausstrasse (Berlin)
| Rathausstrasse | |
|---|---|
 |
|
 |
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| Rathausstrasse with the Rathauspassagen | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Berlin |
| District | center |
| Created | in the middle ages |
| Hist. Names |
At the long bridge in the St. Nikolai district, Oderberger Strasse, Georgenstrasse, Koenigs Strasse, Königstrasse |
| Cross streets |
Poststrasse , Spandauer Strasse , Jüdenstrasse , Gontardstrasse , |
| Places |
Alexanderplatz , Schloßplatz |
| Buildings |
Rathauspassagen , Rotes Rathaus , Rathausbrücke , Cubix cinema |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic (partially) |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | 780 meters |
The Town Hall Street is a Berlin street in the Mitte district , under the name King (s) street of the oldest shopping streets Alt-Berlin owned and partly today pedestrian is.
course
The street begins at Gontardstrasse / Alexanderplatz and ends at the Rathausbrücke . It is the opposite of the original numbering. Between Alexanderplatz and Jüdenstrasse, it is a pedestrian zone, including the spacious undeveloped area around the television tower , like Alexanderplatz itself. The street runs in a south-westerly direction and is only built on and numbered on its south side. It crosses Spandauer Strasse and after crossing the Rathausbrücke it turns into Schloßplatz .
history
The street is one of the oldest streets in the Berlin city plan. It ran from the Long Bridge, the Rathausbrücke, across medieval Berlin to the Oderberger Tor leading to the town of Oderberg at its eastern end, roughly level with the Stadtbahn Viaduct , and was therefore called Oderberger Straße . When the suburb around the Georgenkirche expanded further in the 17th century , the gate was given the name Georgentor and the street leading to it was named Georgenstrasse .
Another renaming took place in 1701, when King Friedrich I, after his coronation in Königsberg , the capital of the new Kingdom of Prussia , ceremoniously moved over Georgenstrasse to the Berlin Palace . The street was named Königs Straße , and the gate was now called Königstor .
For the construction of Akzisemauer the meantime to have been star fortress dismantled fortifications removed. The Königstor was then given the location still known today on the edge of the Berlin glacial valley . The resulting connection between Königsstraße and Königstor was called Neue Königsstraße (from 1966 to 1995: Hans-Beimler-Straße ; since 1995: Otto-Braun-Straße ). However, this name goes back to another namesake, the naming was made in memory of the arrival of Friedrich Wilhelm III. after the Peace of Tilsit on December 23, 1809 ”.
The steady growth of Berlin led to increased demands on the administration, so that the medieval town hall was no longer sufficient. It was dismantled and between 1861 and 1869 the new Berlin City Hall was built somewhat offset on the southern side of Königsstrasse. Because of its exterior made of red bricks , it was soon given the name Red City Hall .
From 1873 the Fugen-s was dropped in the street name. From now on it was called Königstrasse . A few years later, the first trams ran through the relatively narrow street, which developed into a bottleneck in the Berlin transport network. In 1916 there were 282 trams per hour. At the same time, Königstrasse developed into one of the most important shopping streets in downtown Berlin. Numerous department stores, for example a department store of the Wertheim Group , as well as numerous inns were set up here.
Around 1930 a two-story parking facility for line E of the Berlin subway was built under Königstrasse, which ends directly in front of the town hall.
By the end of World War II , most of the buildings along Königstrasse were damaged or destroyed, including the town hall. When it was rebuilt as the seat of the mayor of Greater Berlin, but in fact only of East Berlin , the street was renamed Rathausstraße in 1951. In the same year the tram tracks were removed. Some war-damaged buildings were restored and continued to be used, others demolished. Opposite the Red Town Hall in 1956, the sculptures were aid workers and Trümmerfrau by Fritz Cremer placed. By the early 1970s, the remaining buildings on the south side of the street and in the earlier cross streets (Hoher Steinweg, Poststraße, Burgstraße), including the governor's house from 1721 on the corner of Jüdenstraße , and from 1808 also the seat of the city court, were demolished To create space for the Berlin TV tower and the surrounding green area as well as the town hall passages. Rathausstrasse was converted into a pedestrian zone between Alexanderplatz and Jüdenstrasse. The Rathauspassagen and the large restaurant Alextreff were built on the south side of the street .
_1973,_MiNr_1843.jpg)
With regard to the redesign of the park in the Karree Karl-Liebknecht-Straße, Spandauer Straße, Rathausstraße and the Spree as well as in preparation for the erection of memorials for Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels , the section between Spandauer Straße and Rathausbrücke was renamed to Marx-Engels-Forum in 1983 . In 1991 this section was included again in Rathausstrasse.
After German reunification , the facades and interior of the Rathauspassagen were extensively renovated. The shops there were given new owners or tenants. In addition, the city of Berlin sold the property with the Alextreff restaurant to an investor who had the Cubix multiplex cinema built in its place in 2000/2001 .
However, the structural environment of Rathausstrasse has changed little. In connection with the underground construction under the street, however, plans arose for a suitable revitalization of the historical street structure. So far, however, these have not got beyond the idea stage.
In 2005 an asphalt cycle lane was integrated into the pedestrian area. Construction work has been underway since 2009 to extend the U5 underground line from Alexanderplatz under Rathausstrasse with a new Rotes Rathaus underground station to be built to the main station . In the course of the construction work, 16 works of art of classical modernism that were believed to be lost were rediscovered . The tram line planned in the 1990s from Alexanderplatz to the town hall and further via Spittelmarkt to Potsdamer Platz was originally supposed to be in operation by 2003; However, the implementation has neither taken place nor decided to date (as of end of 2018).
The residential and commercial building Alea 101 was built on the corner of Gontardstrasse from 2012 to 2014 .
Historic Rathausstrasse
A Rathausstrasse had existed at the back of the town hall since 1869, i.e. the year the town hall was completed (until the spelling reform in 1901 Rathhausstrasse ). When Königstrasse was renamed Rathausstrasse in 1951, the former Rathausstrasse was given the name Hinter dem Rathaus . In 1991 it was renamed Gustav-Böß-Straße in honor of Gustav Böß , who was mayor of Berlin from 1920 to 1929 .
Web links
-
Rathausstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- Oderberger Strasse . In: Luise.
- Georgenstrasse . In: Luise.
- At the long bridge in the Holy Spirit quarter . In: Luise.
- At the long bridge in the St. Nikolai district . In: Luise.
- Koenigsstrasse . In: Luise.
- Rathausstrasse 1869 . In: Luise.
- historical views of the former Königstrasse in an interactive map (aktives-museum.de), accessed on February 22, 2018
Individual evidence
- ↑ (New) Königstrasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1909, part 3, p. 412.
- ↑ Bronze witnesses to the construction . In: Berliner Zeitung , November 24, 1956, p. 6.
- ↑ Behind the town hall . In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein
- ↑ Gustav-Böß-Strasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 8 " N , 13 ° 24 ′ 28" E