Reginhar (Lorraine)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Reginhar , also called Reginar I. , (* around 850; † between August 25, 915 and January 19, 916 in Meerssen ) was a leading Frankish great in northern Lotharingia ( Lower Lorraine ) in the 9th and 10th centuries. He is the founder of the Reginare clan , to which the House of Hesse , which ruled until 1918, also belonged.

His family background is not documented, although it generally, the son of Maasgaugrafen Giselbert and a daughter of Emperor Lothair I. is assumed. Alternatively, however, a Reginar is also being considered as the father, who is named as lay abbot of Echternach between 864 and 870 and who was presumably identical to comes Reginar, who was killed in 876 in the Battle of Andernach . Reginar I. is referred to in a list of lay abbots from Echternach as "junior".

Already in medieval chronicles Reginar I was given the nickname "long neck" ( Collo-longus , Longum-collum ), probably mistakenly in confusion with his grandson Reginar III. , to which this epithet was given earlier.

Life

Reginar already appears in a document in the capitularies issued by the West Franconian King Charles the Bald in Quierzy in 877 , including the Maasgaugrafen Giselbert, who was probably his father. Together with Bishop Franco of Liège he was sent by the king around the year 880 to northern Lotharingia to fight the Normans under Gottfried there. Together with Count Baldwin II of Flanders and his brother Rodulfus, Reginar made a pact in 895 against King Charles III. the simple-minded with King Zwentibold of Lotharingia . But as early as 898 he broke with Zwentibold, from whom he had received a twelve-day period to leave Lotharingia, and returned to the entourage of Charles III. of the simple-minded. He advised him to attack the kingdom of Lotharingia.

Reginar had built up a regional power base during his time in Lotharingia, which remained with him after King Zwentibold's death in 900, despite the reprimand from King Zwentibold. From 897 he was the lay abbot of Echternach, and later he also acquired Stablo and Malmedy . The extent to which he was entrusted with the office of count ( comes ) cannot be inferred from contemporary chronicles; the Maasgau and Hesbaye are only ascribed to him from the 11th century . It is also assumed that Reginar had already held Hainaut before he was expelled from the country in 898 and replaced by Sigehard . In a document dated July 21, 905 he called himself dux . After the death of the East Franconian King Ludwig the Child († 911), the Lotharing nobility, including Reginar, whose successor Konrad I refused to give allegiance and instead turned to Regnum in West Franconia. Its king, Charles III. the simple-minded, had recognized the outstanding position of power Reginar in Lotharingia, which is why he consequently appeared in royal documents as missus dominicus , demarcus and marchio .

Reginar is mentioned for the last time in a document of King Charles the Simple on August 25, 915. His two sons Giselbert and Reginar II are named on January 19, 916 at the side of the king in Herstal , Reginar himself is likely to have died at this point. In the list of lay abbots from Echternach he is listed until 915. His place of death was Meerssen .

He was married to Alberada, whose origin is unclear, with whom he had at least three children:

Another marriage of Reginhar

Heinz Renn suggested that Reginhar was already married to Ermentrud , the daughter of King Ludwig der Stammler , before his marriage to Alberada , and that Kunigunde , Ermentrud's daughter, came from this same marriage. He justifies his assumption that the names Reginhar and Giselbert can be found among the descendants of Kunigunde. Eduard Hlawitschka agrees with Renn's view, but points out that in this case - assuming Reginhar's descent, which is largely recognized but not proven - there is a marriage between cousin and cousin of the second degree: Reginhar and Ermentrud have the same thing as Ludwig the Pious Great-grandfather, but with his wives Irmingard von Hespengau (for Reginhar) and Judith (for Ermentrud) different great-grandmothers. Hlawitschka sees too close a relationship between Reginhar and Ermengard as an obstacle to marriage and concludes from this that Reginhar's mother was not the daughter of Emperor Lothars, but a second wife of his father Giselbert (see main article Giselbert von Maasgau ), so that Reginhar is not a descent from given to the Carolingians.

literature

  • Karl Uhlirz :  Reginar . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 27, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, pp. 552-557.
  • Robert Parisot: Le Royaume de Lorraine sous les Carolingiens (1898)
  • Léon Vanderkindere : La Formation Territoriale des Principautes Belge au Moyen Age , 2 volumes (Brussels 1902)
  • Carl Knetsch, The House of Brabant. Genealogy of the Dukes of Brabant and the Landgraves of Hesse, Darmstadt, vol. 1 , 1917, p. 11
  • Heinz Renn: The first Luxembourg Count House (963-1136), Bonn 1941 (Rheinisches Archiv, 39)
  • Eduard Hlawitschka : The ancestors of the high medieval German kings, emperors and their wives. An annotated table work. Volume I: 911-1137, 2 parts, 2006 (MGH Aids 25, 1-2)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Basis for this: "... Reginar's successor in office in those areas in which Giselbert was previously identified, and on the return of the Giselbert name to Reginar I's eldest son." (Hlawitschka, p. 236)
  2. ↑ Catalogi Abbatum Epternacensium , in MGH SS 13, p. 741
  3. ↑ Richer von Reims , Richeri historiarum libri I , ed. by Georg Heinrich Pertz in MGH SS 3 (1839), p. 579 and Folkwin , Gesta abbatum Lobiensium , ed. by Georg Heinrich Pertz in MGH SS 4 (1841), p. 62
  4. ↑ MGH LL 1, p. 539
  5. ↑ Folkwin, Gesta abbatum Lobiensium , ed. by Georg Heinrich Pertz in MGH SS 4 (1841), p. 62
  6. ↑ Annales Xantenses et Annales Vedastini , ed. by B. de Simson in MGH SS rer. Germ. 12 (1909), p. 76
  7. ↑ Annales Xantenses et Annales Vedastini , ed. by B. de Simson in MGH SS rer. Germ. 12 (1909), p. 80
  8. ↑ see Vanderkindere 2 (1902), pp. 65–6 and 78
  9. ↑ Richer von Reims, Richeri historiarum libri I , ed. by Georg Heinrich Pertz in MGH SS 3 (1839), p. 579
  10. ↑ Renn, pp. 10–12 and p. 39
  11. ↑ Hlawitschka, p. 232
  12. ↑ Dr. phil., German historian and grammar school teacher, 1963-1976 head of the citadel Jülich grammar school

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Giselbert I. Graf im Maasgau
? –915 		Giselbert II.
––– Count of Hainaut
? –898 		Sigehard
Gebhard (as Duke) Margrave in Lorraine
(as deputy to King Charles III of France )
911–915 		Wigerich (Count Palatine of Lorraine)
personal data
SURNAME Reginhar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Reginar I of Hainaut; Reginhar of Lorraine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count of Hainaut and Maasgau
DATE OF BIRTH around 850
DATE OF DEATH between August 25, 915 and January 19, 916
Place of death Meerssen