Regius Professor of Hebrew (Cambridge)

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Paul Fagius (copperplate engraving) - First German Regius Professor

The Regius Professor of Hebrew is the name of a Regius Professorship for Hebrew Studies and Oriental Languages at the University of Oxford , founded around 1540 by Henry VIII . It is one of the oldest professorships at the university.

At the same time as this professorship, four further Regius Professorships were established in Cambridge, namely the Regius Professorship of Physic (medicine), the Regius Professorship of Civil Law , the Regius Professorship of Greek , the Regius Professorship of Divinity (theology). The same set of five professorships for the same subjects was donated at the University of Oxford , i.e. Regius Professorships for Medicine (Physics) , Civil Law , Greek and Regius Professor of Divinity (Theology) and also for Hebrew .

History of the professorship

Before Henry VIII established the professorship, interest in the Hebrew language had risen sharply. Presumably Luther's translation of the Bible ( Luther Bible ) influenced Reformed England. Heinrich even had an advisor for Hebrew issues, Robert Wakefeld, probably brother of the later first professor Thomas. In this sense, Robert could be counted as the “zeroth” professor. In this context, the foundation is also dated to 1536.

The strong religious reference did not lose its influence on the professorship in the following years. After the unexpectedly early death of Edward VI. After a short interlude , Maria I took over the throne from Jane Gray and began a counter-reformation that posthumously earned her the nickname "Bloody Mary" (Bloody Mary). The zeal went so far that the body of Paul Fagius was exhumed in 1556 and, after a formal trial, burned at the stake.

Antoine Rodolphe Chevallier, originally from Normandy, narrowly escaped the massacres of St. Bartholomew's Night (August 24, 1572) during a trip to France and died on the Channel Island of Guernsey .

owner

Surname name suffix from to annotation
Thomas Wakefeld MA 1540 Wakefield was a controversial candidate as he continued to adhere to Catholicism .
Paul Fagius 1549 1549 The former schoolmaster from Rheinzabern or Bergzabern in the southern Palatinate learned Hebrew at the University of Strasbourg and was forced to emigrate under the pressure of the Counter-Reformation. At an invitation from Thomas Cranmer , he went to England, where he lived for some time in the bishop's household. There he was offered the professorship. He died of malaria shortly after taking office .
Immanuel Tremellius 1550 1553 The Hebraist of Jewish-Italian descent, trained in Padua, moved to Strasbourg with Peter Martyr Vermigli , who had convinced him of the Protestant faith, on the run from the Inquisition . There he began to teach Hebrew. After the Protestants were defeated in the Schmalkaldic War , Tremellius fled like others to England, where he and Vermigli found shelter in Thomas Cranmer's house. At the end of 1549 Tremellius succeeded the deceased Fagius in the professorship. After the death of Edward VI. and the takeover of power by Maria I, who started an attempt at a counter-reformation, Tremellius fled to Europe.
Antoine Rodolphe Chevallier 1569 The student of François Vatable accepted the Protestant faith and came during the reign of Edward VI. to England. It was first accepted by Fagius and Martin Bucer , and later by Bishop Cranmer. He settled in Cambridge, where he taught Hebrew for free. He met Tremellius, whose stepdaughter, Elizabeth de Grimecieux, he married in 1550. After Edward's death he fled to Strasbourg, where he took over a professorship in Hebrew in 1559. After Elizabeth I ascended to the throne , he returned to England to associate the French Protestants with the crown. In 1569 he was offered the Regius Professorship at Cambridge at the suggestion of the then Archbishop of Canterbury , Matthew Parker . The church granted him a temporary priesthood for his maintenance. When Chevallier narrowly escaped the massacres of Bartholomew's Night during a trip, he fled to Guernsey, where he died shortly afterwards.
Philippe Bignon 1572 Like Chevallier, Bignon came from France, where he had taught at the University of Geneva (now Switzerland).
Edward Lively MA 1575 1578 Lively was a protégé of Archbishop Whitgift , who paid at least part of the tuition fees, as Lively communicates in the dedication of his book on the chronology of the Persian royal houses. Lively's teachers also included the well-known Jan van den Driesche (Drusius), one of the Bible translators. In 1575 Lively was elected Regius Professor against Philip Bignon, who was proposed by the University's Chancellor. When Lively married Cathrin, daughter of Regius Professor of Physic Thomas Lorkin , in 1578 , he appears to have given up the professorship. He was assigned a parish four years later, and in 1604 Lively was one of 54 scholars commissioned by James I to translate an authorized version of the Bible now known as the King James Bible .
Robert Spaldinge 1605
Geoffrey King MA 1607 1608 King is also spelled Kynge on various occasions.
Andrew Byng 1608 Byng, or Bing, was one of the 54 translators of the King James Bible.
Robert Metcalfe circa 1622 1648 It is not known exactly when Metcalfe took over the Regius Professorship. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography states "... some time before 1645 ..." . In 1648 he left the professorship, possibly in connection with his appointment as a fellow of his college in the same year.
Ralph Cudworth DD 1648 1688 In 1645, Cudworth was appointed head of Clare Hall by parliamentary vote and unanimously elected Regius Professor that same year. He became one of the leaders of the Cambridge Platonists . Cudworth's most important work "The True Intellectual System" was published in 1678.
Wolfram stub 1688
James Talbot 1689 1704 Talbot, who was interested in music, left the professorship in 1704. A collection of handwritten records in the archive of Christ Church College contains descriptions and drawings of musical instruments from the end of the 17th century. The documents known as the Talbot Manuscript are of great importance in musicology .
Henry Sike or (Syke) LL.D. 1705 1712 When the professorship had to be filled again in 1704, Sike was preferred to Bouquett. Sike was occasionally represented by Bouquett (see below).
Philip Bouquett DD 1712 1747 After Sike left, Bouquett took over the professorship with all duties and rights. Bouquett is described as a poor French refugee who died rich in college . Bouquett left his money to the French refugees in England.
Thomas Harrison MA 1747
Charles Torriano MA 1753 In 1757 the parish of Chinkford was transferred to Torriano.
William Disney MA, DD 1757 1771
William Collier MA 1771
John Porter MA 1790
Henry Lloyd ?? MA 1795
Samuel Lee DD 1831 1848 Lee was a well-educated linguist whose skills can be seen in his work, for example a New and Old Testament in Syrian and also in Malay languages, as well as work in Arabic , Coptic , Persian and Hindustani .
William Hodge Mill MA 1848 Mill was educated at Trinity College and became the first director of Bishop's College in Mumbai (then Calcutta). Mill works hard and has been involved in translations from Arabic and Sanskrit as well as in the deciphering of old inscriptions. He was a co-founder of the Bengal Asiatic Society where a bust of him was erected after his return to England for health reasons. Back in England he was assigned a parish. In 1848 he took over the Regius Professorship, where his lectures were limited to the interpretation of the Holy Scriptures.
Thomas Jarrett DD 1854 1882 Jarrett was known for the breadth of his knowledge. He mastered at least twenty languages ​​and spent a lot of time translating foreign languages ​​into Latin using a system he had developed himself.
Alexander Francis Kirkpatrick DD 1882 1903 Kirkpatrick's precise knowledge and clear presentation made his lectures a valuable guide for students. He pioneered the history and criticism of the Old Testament .
Robert Hatch Kennett 1903 1932 Kennett held the professorship until his death.
Stanley Arthur Cook MA 1932 1938
David Winton Thomas 1938
John Adney Emerton DD 1968 1995
Robert Gordon 1995 2012
Geoffrey Khan Ph.D. 2012

Individual evidence

  1. ^ New Regius Professor of Civil Law Appointed. University of Oxford press release December 1, 2005.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Elizabeth Caldwell Hirschman and Donald N. Yates (2014) The Early Jews and Muslims of England and Wales: A Genetic and Genealogical History ; McFarland; ISBN 978-0-7864-7684-8 ; Page 164 ff.
  3. ^ A b Joseph Hirst Lupton, Wakefeld, Thomas in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885–1900, Volume 58 on Wikisource.
  4. ^ A b c Ronald Bayne, Fagius, Paul in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 18 on Wikisource.
  5. ↑ Anonymous; Draft of an ordinance concerning the learned schools in the Grand Duchy of Baden. ; Karlsruhe, Chr. Th. Groos'schen Buchdruckerei, 1834. Page 33.
  6. ^ A b c d e f Edward Irving Carlyle, Tremellius, John Immanuel in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 57 on Wikisource.
  7. ↑ Kenneth Austin (2007) From Judaism to Calvinism: the Life and Writings of Immanuel Tremellius (c. 1510-1580) .
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Sidney Lee, Chevallier, Anthony Rodolph in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 10 on Wikisource.
  9. ↑ a b c d e f Thompson Cooper, Lively, Edward in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 33 on Wikisource.
  10. ↑ a b Kandruth-Kyte on www.British-History.ac.uk; Retrieved May 25, 2016.
  11. ↑ a b c d e James Mew, Byng, Andrew in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 08 on Wikisource.
  12. ↑ Bruges-Bythner at www.British-History.ac.uk; accessed on May 27, 2016.
  13. ↑ David McKitterick (1992) A History of Cambridge University Press ; A History of Cambridge University Press. Page 183.
  14. ↑ a b c Leslie Stephen, Cudworth, Ralph in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 13 on Wikisource.
  15. ↑ a b Parishes: All on www.British-History.ac.uk; accessed on May 22, 2016.
  16. ↑ Stermont-Synge on www.British-History.ac.uk; Retrieved May 25, 2016.
  17. ^ A b c Charles Mold (1968) James Talbot's Manuscript. (Christ Church Library Music Manuscript 1187). VII. Harpsichord ; The Galpin Society Journal, Vol. 21 (Mar., 1968), pp. 40-51; Galpin Society; doi: 10.2307 / 841427
  18. ^ RW Unwin, Charity Schools and the Defense of Anglicanism: James Talbot, Rector of Spofforth 1700-08, Issue 65 ; Borthwick Publications, 1984; Page 34 (endnotes).
  19. ↑ a b c d e f g James Mew, Bouquett, Philip in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 06 on Wikisource.
  20. ↑ a b c d e f g h Thomas Gery Cullum (1804) register ; University of Cambridge; Page 26/27.
  21. ↑ a b c d e f g h Anonymus (1804) The Cambridge University Calendar, 1804 ; Oxford University Press.
  22. ↑ Simon Ockley (1757) The History of the Saracens ; "Sole benefit of Mrs. A. Ockley"; on Google Books.
  23. ↑ Notice on the allotment of the parish of Chinkford to Charles Torriano in: The General Evening Post (London) from September 29, 1757 to October 1, 1757.
  24. ^ Evelyn Shirley Shuckburgh, Disney, William in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 15 on Wikisource.
  25. ↑ Trinity College on www.British-History.ac.uk; accessed on October 28, 2016.
  26. ^ J. Bentham (1763) Cantabrigia Depicta: A Concise and Accurate Description of the University and Town of Cambridge, and Its Environs. A Particular History of the Several Colleges and Public Buildings, ... To which is Added, an Exact Account of the Several Posts ; accessed on Google Books on October 28, 2016.
  27. ^ A b Thomas Hamilton, Lee, Samuel (1783-1852) in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 32 on Wikisource.
  28. ↑ a b c d e f Cecil Bendall, Mill, William Hodge in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 37 on Wikisource.
  29. ↑ a b c Edward James Rapson, Jarrett, Thomas in Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 29 on Wikisource.
  30. ↑ a b Kirkpatrick, Alexander Francis . In: John Archibald Venn (Ed.): Alumni Cantabrigienses . A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge, from the Earliest Times to 1900. Part 2: From 1752 to 1900 , Volume  4 : Kahlenberg – Oyler . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1951, pp. 56 ( venn.lib.cam.ac.uk Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  31. ↑ The Righteous and the Wicked - Profile of Alexander F. Kirkpatrick on Reiterations; accessed on October 28, 2016.
  32. ^ Entry on Alexander Francis Kirkpatrick on the website of Trinity College Chapel; accessed on October 28, 2016.
  33. ↑ a b Stanley A. Cook (1932) Robert Hatch Kennett ; Obituary in The Journal of Theological Studies, Vol. 33, No. 131 (APRIL, 1932), pp. 225-236; Oxford University Press
  34. ^ Authors of the Encyclopedia Britannica edition of 1911; Author: Stanley Arthur Cook on Wikisource.
  35. ↑ Profile of Stanley Arthur Cook ( Memento of the original from October 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies at Cambridge University; accessed on October 28, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ames.cam.ac.uk
  36. ^ John Adney Emerton (1991) The Work of David Winton Thomas as a Hebrew Scholar ; Vetus Testamentum, Vol. 41, Fasc. 3 (Jul., 1991), pp. 287-303; doi: 10.2307 / 1519069
  37. ^ The Revd Professor John Emerton, 1928-2015 ; Obituary for John Emerton on St. John's College, Cambridge website, September 15, 2015; accessed on October 28, 2016.
  38. ^ Obituary for The Revd Professor John Adney Emerton in Church Times, October 2, 2015; accessed on October 28, 2016.
  39. ↑ Robert Gordon ( Memento of the original of April 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at the Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ames.cam.ac.uk
  40. ↑ Prof. Geoffrey Khan on the website of the Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies at Cambridge University; accessed on October 28, 2016.
  41. ^ Press release from Wolfson College, University of Cambridge on the appointment of Geoffrey Kahn as Regius Professor of Hebrew; accessed on October 28, 2016.