Rogalin
| Rogalin | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Poznański | ||
| Gmina : | Mosina | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 14 ′ N , 16 ° 56 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 860 | ||
| Postal code : | 62-022 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 61 | ||
| License plate : | POZ | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Mosina - Kórnik | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznań-Ławica | ||
.jpg)
Rogalin [ rɔ'galin ] (German 1940–45 oak grove , older Groß Rogalin ) is a village with 700 inhabitants in western Poland and part of the urban and rural municipality Mosina , which belongs to the Powiat Poznański of the Greater Poland Voivodeship . It is located about 20 kilometers south of Poznan on the right bank of the Warta .
history
Rogalin is mentioned for the first time in 1294 as the property of a family from Polish nobility . In the 16th century the village belonged to the Arciszewski family. Krzysztof Arciszewski , naval admiral in the Dutch service and general of the Polish artillery under King Władysław IV. Wasa , was born here in 1592. In 1766, Kazimierz Raczyński (1739–1824), wealthy nobleman and royal Polish imperial clerk, acquired the village and the surrounding estates and transformed Rogalin into the ancestral home of the rising Raczyński family .
In 1768, the new landlord began building a residence entre cour et jardin . Construction is making rapid progress, so that the castle can be occupied in 1774. The farm buildings are handed over in 1776, and the palace chapel is consecrated a year later. The Rococo elements introduced at the beginning were eliminated under the builder and from 1784 under his successor by the architects Dominik Merlini and Johann Christian Kamsetzer . The complex was owned by the family until 1939; the last noble owner is Count Edward Bernard Raczyński , who was Polish President in exile from 1979 to 1986.
After the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, Greater Poland came under Prussian rule, and in 1815 this state was fortified for a whole century. In 1831 Poland's national poet Adam Mickiewicz stayed in Rogalin. In 1848 there were clashes between Polish rebels and Prussian troops at the site. In 1918, Rogalin returned to Poland.
After the German occupation in 1939, a Hitler Youth school was set up in the castle.
Rogalin Castle has been owned by the Poznan National Museum since 1949 . However, it was not until 1990 that Edward Raczyński officially transferred the property and collections to the state in the form of a foundation.
Attractions
The monumental complex of palace, palace garden and picture gallery is the main attraction in Rogalin and connects it in terms of its importance with similar building ensembles in other places in Greater Poland - especially with Kórnik , which is only 10 km away , as well as with Gołuchów , Śmiełów and Rydzyna .
lock
The Raczyński Castle is a monumental aristocratic palace in the late Baroque style with classical elements. Nothing is known about its master builder, but it was probably one of the numerous Saxon architects who worked in Warsaw and the rest of Poland in the 18th century . The castle consists of a main building with two side wings adjoining each other, which together form the semicircular border of the wide courtyard ( cour d'honneur ) open to the east . This is preceded by a lawn in the east, bordered by two avenues of chestnut trees that begin at the iron castle gate.
museum
The palace and garden are part of the Poznan National Museum and can be visited. Buildings and interiors have been restored with great effort and brought closer to the state of before 1939. The painting collection is housed in a separate gallery building that Edward Aleksander Raczyński (1847–1926) had built in 1910 for his collection of contemporary artists. It mainly contains works by Polish and French artists such as Jacek Malczewski , Stanisław Wyspiański or Emile Claus , which are now hung again after photos from the prewar state.
Castle garden and surroundings
On the west side of the palace there is a small geometric garden in the classical style, consisting of a lawn parterre, which is now decorated with thuja cones and statues of Greek deities, and then a hill in the form of a step pyramid, called the Parnassus. From above you originally had views of the wide valley of the Warta .
The palace and garden are embedded in a landscape park, which in turn merges into the meadow landscape of the Warta, but is separated from it by a fence.
To the east of the palace complex is the Catholic palace chapel, which is still used today as the mausoleum of the Raczyński family, an early Classicist building in the style of a Roman temple from 1817-20.
Natural park and oaks
Rogalin and the chateau form the center of Rogaliński Park Krajobrazowy ( Rogalin Nature Park ), in which large parts of the floodplain landscape of the Warta have been a nature reserve since 1997 . The ancient pedunculate oaks , whose population in Rogalin is the largest in Europe, are particularly protected . You can reach a trunk circumference of up to 9 meters. The best-known examples are Lech , Czech and Rus . They are over 700 years old, their names refer to legends about the common genesis of three Slavic peoples: the Poles , the Czechs and the Russians (see Lech, Čech and Rus ). Some oak trees are dying or have already died. They are also preserved as tree ruins.
Web links
literature
Nowak, J., E. Leszczyńska: Rogalin Museum-Palace: Museum Guide, 2nd edition Poznan n.d. - ISBN 978-83-64080-16-6
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 6, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
