Rudolf Taken

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Rudolf Nehmer (born May 19, 1912 in Bobersberg ; † July 12, 1983 in Dresden ) was a German painter and graphic artist.

Rudolf Nehmer (far left) talking to Otto Nagel in his studio in 1953

Life

House at Rostocker Strasse 17 in Dresden-Klotzsche, from 1964 Rudolf Nehmer's house
Nehmer's grave in the Heidefriedhof

Nehmer was born in 1912 as the third of four children to a master cooper in Bobersberg. He attended elementary school, where he developed his interest in painting, and in 1928 initially went to Berlin , where he wanted to train as a painter. However, he lacked the material prerequisites for this.

In 1932 he found sponsors in Dresden, including Kurt Hängekorb and Hans-Ludwig Sierks , who arranged for him to study art as a student trainee. Nehmer studied from 1932 to 1934 at the private Academy for Drawing and Painting , founded by Ernst Oskar Simonson-Castelli (1864–1929), under Woldemar Winkler and until 1936 as a private student in Willy Kriegel's studio after briefly attending the Dresden Art Academy would have. As early as 1935, Nehmer's woodcuts on religious subjects, proverbs and folk wisdom were exhibited in the Galerie Kühl .

After completing his studies, Nehmer worked as a freelance artist in Dresden and spent a year in northern Germany in 1938, especially in Worpswede , where he could not gain a foothold artistically. Back in Dresden in 1939 he married a daughter of the physicist Wilhelm Hallwachs . During the Second World War , Nehmer served as a soldier on the Western Front and in Denmark from 1941, was wounded and returned to Dresden after a short time in British captivity in August 1945.

As early as 1945, a complete exhibition of his paintings and woodcuts was shown in the Green House . In 1947 Nehmer co-founded the artist group Das Ufer - Gruppe 1947 , from which he left in 1949, and in 1951 became a founding member and board member of the artists' association Kunst der Zeit . Also in 1951, Nehmer married for the second time; the marriage had a daughter and a son.

Before the war, Nehmer worked in his studio on Neuländer Strasse, which also became a meeting place for Dresden artists such as Willy Wolff and Hans Jüchser . After the end of the Second World War, the studio was used by the Soviet occupiers as a commandant's office, and numerous early works by Nehmer were lost. Nehmer lived and worked from 1953 in an apartment at Lenbachstrasse 8; from 1964 the family lived in the house at Rostocker Strasse 17 in Dresden-Klotzsche.

In 1958, Nehmer had completed a study visit to the machine-tractor station in Lohmen and, in connection with a work contract with VEB Fahrzeugelektrik in Pirna- Copitz, founded a painting and drawing circle in 1963 that received the award “ Excellent folk art collective ”. Until his death, Nehmer's works could be seen in solo exhibitions in the GDR, including a retrospective at the Neue Meister gallery in 1972 on the occasion of his 60th birthday.

Nehmer died in Dresden in 1983 after a short, serious illness and was buried in the Heidefriedhof .

Act

Nehmer's oeuvre is mainly divided into still lifes and portraits in oil as well as graphics, including woodcuts in particular. He also created landscape and religious pictures, and drawings in watercolor, pen and pencil have survived. Nehmer also worked as an illustrator, glass painter, sculptor and artisan.

Portraits

Nehmer next to his work Der Schmiedemeister from 1948

Portraits are central to Nehmer's oeuvre, and besides the head, the portrayal of the hands was also important - “The face and hands of a person to be painted can be read like great books,” wrote Nehmer in the late 1950s. Psychograms of the portrayed were always created with the pictures, since Nehmer viewed portraying as an “interpretation of the essence of man”. Nehmer created self-portraits several times, most recently in 1973 the work Der Maler .

Nehmer created his portraits partly out of his own interest and partly for private or public assignments. He portrayed the rectors of the Technical University of Dresden , including Arthur Simon in 1971 . In addition to individual portraits, there were also group and family portraits. Public commissions also included work for churches, including in 1956 the Altarpiece Unterm Kreutz for the Meichow village church and in 1958 the three-part altarpiece Last Supper for the Grabow village church .

Still life

Nehmer painted a large number of still lifes, including often compositions with flowers, fruit, vegetables and other foods (including bread and smoked fish), but also masks. His compositions never merely depict reality. Rather, Nehmer used the possibility of ambiguous allusion and metaphorical composition in his still lifes. Nehmer's still lifes that have survived date back to the early 1930s.

graphic

From the 1930s onwards, Nehmer created prints, acquiring knowledge of the technology on an autodidactic basis. Graphics were usually made with wooden sticks, rarely with metal cutting. For his episode Graphic Monuments , in which Nehmer portrayed personalities such as Mahatma Gandhi and Max Planck , he used linocuts for the first time.

Numerous graphics were created in the context of cycles, including for the episodes Bauern , Alte Sprüchworte and Freund Hein . As early as 1951, woodcuts for the Sermon on the Mount , a series of woodcuts created in 1948, were published as a book by the Evangelische Verlagsanstalt. Nehmer had already been involved with woodcuts for the Gospel from 1935.

Among the prints, the contractor created in the order listed bookplate . Nehmer saw the graphic as "the most suitable design option for the artist who wants to appeal to many people with their means and possibilities".

Style and technology

At the beginning Nehmer's style of painting showed late impressionist features; In portraits that were created during his student days, Nehmer also tried expressionist forms of expression. Nehmer initially worked in oil on canvas, but later almost exclusively in oil on wood.

As early as 1959 it was established that Nehmer “[delights] through technical perfection and absolute cleanliness of his work”. Nehmer's portraits are characterized by a clear, serious objectivity, even if the assignment of his works to the New Objectivity was described as incorrect. Nehmer "grew [...] in his work from the old masterly techniques of the New Objectivity", but cultivated the "artistic language of the 'new naturalism'". The apparently easy understandability of the images is only superficial, but it differs on closer inspection. Nehmer's still lifes are heavy with meaning and “of an unusually high color culture”. In his graphics, Taken shows humor and deep humanity.

Works (selection)

  • 1946: Three toadstools - still life, oil on panel, private property
  • 1945: Freund Hein - woodcut series
  • 1945: Old proverbs - woodcut sequence
  • 1946: Self-portrait “46” - self-portrait, oil on wood, Städtische Museen Junge Kunst and Viadrina , Frankfurt an der Oder
  • 1946: farmers - woodcut series
  • 1946 Turnips in the rain, oil on plywood; National Gallery Berlin
  • 1947: Self-portrait with woodcut tools - portrait, oil on wood, estate
  • 1947: Nature and the work of man - still life, oil on wood, Evangelical Reformed Congregation Dresden
  • 1948: The master blacksmith - portrait, oil on wood, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden
  • 1948: The Sermon on the Mount - woodcut series
  • 1950: Portrait of Heinrich Kühl - portrait, oil on wood, Galerie Neue Meister , Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden
  • 1952: Double portrait of Willy Wolff, Annemarie Wolff-Balden - portrait, oil on wood, Dresden City Museum
  • 1954: Portrait of Heinrich Klein - portrait, oil on wood, Dresden City Museum
  • 1956: The white jug - still life, oil on wood, Dresden City Museum
  • 1956: Yellow Iris - Still Life, oil on wood, Galerie Neue Meister, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden
  • 1957: The painter Fritz Tröger - portrait, oil on wood, Lindenau Museum Altenberg
  • 1957: Scherzo - still life, oil on wood, Lindenau Museum Altenberg
  • 1957: Bright autumn - still life, oil on wood, Moritzburg State Gallery in Halle an der Saale
  • 1958: Portrait of Hans Grundig - portrait, oil on wood, Galerie Neue Meister, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden
  • 1958–1959: Graphic monuments - linocut series
  • 1964: Neighbor's Yellow Cat - Still Life, oil on wood, City Gallery Eisenhüttenstadt
  • 1967: Gundula in Winter - portrait, oil on wood, Galerie Neue Meister, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden
  • 1970: State actor Rolf Hoppe - portrait, oil on wood, Städtische Galerie Eisenhüttenstadt
  • 1971: Orbis pictus - still life, oil on wood, Galerie Neue Meister, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden
  • 1973: The young and the old - still life, oil on wood, private property
  • 1973: Nature and art - still life, oil on wood, Galerie Neue Meister, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden
  • 1975: Masks - still life, oil on wood, estate
  • 1981: The Lost One - still life, oil on wood, private property
  • 1981: Appeal of the bottle pears - still life, oil on wood, Städtische Galerie Eisenhüttenstadt
  • 1983: Last harvest - still life, oil on wood, estate

Awards

Solo exhibitions after Nehmer's death (selection)

  • 2008 Wernigerode, Art and Culture Association eV
  • 2013 Barth, Vineta Museum

souvenir

Rudolf-Nehmer-Strasse in the Dresden district of Klotzsche was named after Nehmer .

literature

  • City and Mining Museum Freiberg / Saxony. Museum of Art and Mining: Rudolf Nehmer. Paintings and graphics. July 3 - August 2, 1959 . Catalog [1959].
  • Karlheinz Ulrich: Rudolf Taken. Portrait of an Artist . Union, Berlin 1960.
  • Rudolf Taken . Exhibition catalog of the Gemäldegalerie Neue Meister, Dresden 1972.
  • Irma Emmrich : Rudolf Taker. Poetry and parable . Union Verlag, Berlin 1977.
  • Irma Emmrich: Rudolf Taker. Verlag der Kunst, Dresden, 1982 (painter and work series)
  • Gundula Voigt and Paul Voigt (eds.): Rudolf Nehmer on the 100th birthday . Voigt & Voigt, Dresden 2012, ISBN 978-3-00-039375-4 .
  • Gerd-Helge Vogel : Rudolf Taker. For the 100th birthday of the artist . Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-86732-148-8 ( limited preview in Google book search).

Web links

Commons : Rudolf Nehmer  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gundula Voigt: Rudolf Nehmer - personally . In: Rudolf Nehmer on his 100th birthday . Voigt & Voigt, Dresden 2012, p. 97.
  2. ↑ a b Rudolf Nehmer 1956. See Rudolf Nehmer on his 100th birthday . Voigt & Voigt, Dresden 2012, p. 85.
  3. ↑ Helmut Heinze : Memories of my early encounters with Rudolf Nehmer . In: Rudolf Nehmer on his 100th birthday . Voigt & Voigt, Dresden 2012, p. 5.
  4. ↑ a b biography in dates . In: Rudolf Nehmer on his 100th birthday . Voigt & Voigt, Dresden 2012, p. 105.
  5. ↑ Helmut Heinze: Memories of my early encounters with Rudolf Nehmer . In: Rudolf Nehmer on his 100th birthday . Voigt & Voigt, Dresden 2012, p. 6.
  6. ^ See structure in: Gerd-Helge Vogel: Rudolf Nehmer. For the 100th birthday of the artist . Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2013.
  7. ↑ a b Taken in a newspaper clipping 1958/59. Quoted from Rudolf Nehmer on his 100th birthday . Voigt & Voigt, Dresden 2012, p. 81.
  8. ^ Collections and art holdings of the Technical University of Dresden . UniMedia, Dresden 1996, p. 105.
  9. ↑ Gerd-Helge Vogel: "Pictor doctus" et Orbis pictus or Rudolf Nehmer and the Dresden pictorial tradition: art between classic, romantic and realism . In: Gerd-Helge Vogel: Rudolf Nehmer. For the 100th birthday of the artist . Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2013, p. 6.
  10. ↑ The graphic . In: Rudolf Nehmer on his 100th birthday . Voigt & Voigt, Dresden 2012, p. 13.
  11. ^ Karlheinz Ulrich: Rudolf Nehmer. Portrait of an Artist . Union, Berlin 1960, p. 9.
  12. ↑ Joachim Uhlitzsch : The painter Rudolf takers . In: Rudolf Taken . Exhibition catalog of the Gemäldegalerie Neue Meister, Dresden 1972, p. 4.
  13. ↑ Rudolf Nehmer on his 100th birthday . Voigt & Voigt, Dresden 2012, p. 13.
  14. ^ City and Mining Museum Freiberg / Saxony. Museum of Art and Mining: Rudolf Nehmer. Paintings and graphics. July 3 - August 2, 1959 . Catalog [1959], p. 4.
  15. ↑ a b c City and Mining Museum Freiberg / Saxony. Museum of Art and Mining: Rudolf Nehmer. Paintings and graphics. July 3 - August 2, 1959 . Catalog [1959], p. 5.
  16. ↑ Gerd-Helge Vogel: "Pictor doctus" et Orbis pictus or Rudolf Nehmer and the Dresden pictorial tradition: art between classic, romantic and realism . In: Gerd-Helge Vogel: Rudolf Nehmer. For the 100th birthday of the artist . Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2013, p. 5.
  17. ↑ Image index of art & architecture
  18. ↑ https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x42lzg
  19. ^ Taken pictures in the Vineta Museum. In: Ostseezeitung, Rostock, January 17, 2014
personal data
SURNAME Taker, Rudolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and graphic artist
DATE OF BIRTH May 19, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH Bobersberg
DATE OF DEATH July 12, 1983
Place of death Dresden