SSB DT 8
| SSB DT 8 | |
|---|---|
 A DT 8.4 (left) and a DT 8.7 at the Fellbach Lutherkirche stop
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| Numbering: | 3001–3234 (DT 8.1–8.9) 3301–3400 (DT 8.10 / 8.11) 4083-4234 (DT 8-S) 3501–3540 (DT 8.12) 3541–3580 (DT 8.14) |
| Number: | 204 |
| Manufacturer: |
DUEWAG Siemens Bombardier (DT 8.11) Stadler Pankow (DT 8.12 / 8.14) |
| Year of construction (s): | 1981–1982 (DT 8.1–8.3) 1985–1996 (DT 8.4–8.9) 1999–2005 (DT 8.10 / 8.11) 2012-2014 (DT 8.12) 2017-2018 (DT 8.14) |
| Axis formula : | B'B '+ B'B' (DT 8.1–8.9) Bo'Bo '+ Bo'Bo' (DT 8.10-8.14) |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over coupling: | 38,800 mm 38,560 mm (DT 8.10 / 11) 39,110 mm (DT 8.12 / 8.14) |
| Height: | 3715 mm |
| Width: | 2650 mm |
| Empty mass: | 55 t 59 t (DT 8.12) |
| Top speed: | 80 km / h |
| Continuous output : | 4 × 222 kW 8 × 120 kW (DT 8.10 / 11) 8 × 130 kW (DT 8.12) |
| Acceleration: | 0.9-1.3 m / s² |
| Power system : | 750 V DC |
| Power transmission: | Overhead line |
| Coupling type: | Scharfenberg coupling |
| Seats: | 108 106 (incl. 12 folding seats) (DT 8.12) |
| Standing room: | 141 146 (DT 8.10 / 11) |
| Floor height: | 1000 mm |
The DT 8 (internal designation: S-DT 8 ) is a series of light rail vehicles of the Stuttgart trams (SSB) that has been in regular use in the Stuttgart light rail network since 1985 . The designation "S-DT 8" stands for a double multiple unit type Stuttgart with eight axles , a light rail train consists of two closely coupled multiple units with a total of eight axles. The track width of the DT 8 is 1435 mm, i.e. standard gauge . It has replaced the meter-gauge GT4 trams in scheduled operation.
prehistory
After various considerations about a local transport system that temporarily provided for the construction of a subway , the Stuttgart City Council decided on June 10, 1976 a light rail concept that provided for largely independent guidance on the surface and - where appropriate - in tunnels. The main features were the use of 2.65-meter-wide vehicles in standard gauge and a clearance profile that allowed a later changeover to operation with underground vehicles. Against the background of the completion of the first lines, line 3 was converted as the first line in 1985 after preliminary operation, it was necessary to procure suitable vehicles. The main criteria were:
- Seated vehicle with high passenger comfort
- Coordinated with the Stuttgart boundary conditions (length of 38 meters (corresponds to the length of two GT 4 ), all-axle drive and high drive power for long inclines up to 70 per mille, individual distance with 85 per mille)
- Use of modern technologies to minimize maintenance and energy costs
- Use of elevated platforms (in the transition phase in mixed operation with underground platforms)
The decision to use elevated platforms was made primarily with the aim of reducing the time spent at the stops and offering passengers the greatest possible comfort. At the time of the decision, the low-floor technology was also not yet established.
Series
The DT 8 was specially developed for Stuttgart and its topographical conditions. The technical conception was carried out by SSB and MAN , the design largely by Lindinger & Partner. Due to the topographical location of Stuttgart (most of the lines in the urban area have to overcome around 200 meters in altitude) all axles of the vehicle are driven. The vehicles were originally designed for an incline of up to 70 per mille (Olgaeck – Bopser). As part of the opening of the U15 between Olgaeck and Eugensplatz, operation was approved up to a gradient of 85 per mille. The DT 8.12 and 8.14 are designed for a gradeability of 90 per thousand.
The twelve series that have existed so far can be divided into four central groups:
- The three prototypes DT 8.1 to DT 8.3
- The first generation consisting of the series DT 8.4 to 8.9, which were manufactured by DUEWAG , AEG , Siemens and SGP .
- The second generation, which is technically, structurally and creatively further developed, consisting of the structurally identical DT 8.10 and 8.11 series
- the identical recent series 08.12 and 08.14, on the "Tango" series of Stadler based
Two DT 8s can be coupled to form a double traction (80-meter trains), whereby only wagons of the same type (DT 8.4 to 8.9 / DT 8.10 and 8.11 / DT 8.12 and 8.14 / DT 8-S) can be coupled in regular use. Corresponding double trains run on lines U6, U7, U12 and the special line U11. You can sometimes also find them on the U8, but these are U7 courses that move in and out between the Möhringen depot and Ostfildern-Nellingen.
In future, the U1 will also run between Heslach and Fellbach with double trains.
Overview
| series | Wagon numbers | Construction year | number | Manufacturer | Folding step | Whereabouts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prototypes | 3 | |||||
| 8.1 | 3001/3002 | 1981 | 1 | MAN , AEG , Siemens | Yes | Part A (3001) preserved in the Stuttgart Tram Museum, Part B (3002) scrapped |
| 8.2 | 3003/3004 | 1982 | 1 | MAN , AEG , Siemens | Yes | scrapped |
| 8.3 | 3005/3006 | 1982 | 1 | MAN , BBC | Yes | Part A (3005) scrapped, Part B (3006) preserved in the Stuttgart Tram Museum |
| First generation | 114 | |||||
| 8.4 | 3007-3086 | 1985-1986 | 40 | Duewag , BBC, AEG , Siemens , SGP | yes * | in use, 4083-4086 as prototypes completely overhauled |
| 8.5 | 3087-3104 | 1988-1989 | 9 | Duewag , BBC, AEG , Siemens , SGP | yes * | in use, but since all vehicles have been overhauled, they are now listed as 4087-4104 |
| 8.6 | 3105-3168 | 1989-1990 | 32 | Duewag , BBC, AEG , Siemens , SGP | No | in use, but since all vehicles have been completely overhauled, they are now listed as 4105-4168 |
| 8.7 | 3169-3180 | 1992-1993 | 6th | Duewag , BBC, AEG , Siemens , SGP | yes * | in use, but since all vehicles have been overhauled, they are now listed as 4169-4180 |
| 8.8 | 3181-3202 | 1993 | 11 | Duewag , BBC, AEG , Siemens , SGP | No | in use, but since all vehicles have been completely overhauled, they are now listed as 4181-4202 |
| 8.9 | 3203-3234 | 1996 | 16 | Duewag , BBC, AEG , Siemens , SGP | No | in use, but since all vehicles have been completely overhauled, they are now listed as 4203-4234 |
| Second generation | 50 | |||||
| 8.10 | 3301-3346 | 1999-2000 | 23 | Siemens | No | in action |
| 8.11 | 3347-3400 | 2003-2005 | 27 | Bombardier | No | in action |
| Third generation | 60 | |||||
| 8.12 | 3501-3540 | 2012-2014 | 20th | Stadler | No | in action |
| 8.14 | 3541-3580 | 2017-2018 | 20th | Stadler | No | in action |
| 8.15 | 3581-3620 | still open | 20th | Stadler | No | projected |
Each double railcar consists of an A-part (odd wagon number, pantograph) and a B-part (even wagon number = that of the A-part + 1 )
All vehicles that have already undergone a general overhaul are listed with the number 4 instead of 3 in front of the vehicle number (for example, 3097/3098 became 4097/4098).
The average age of light rail vehicles is 20 years (as of 2015).
Prototypes DT 8.1, DT 8.2 and DT 8.3
Since a vehicle that met the requirements was not available on the market, the SSB commissioned the production of three prototypes. These were designated as DT 8.1 to 8.3 (car numbers 3001-3006) and manufactured in 1981 and 1982. The prototypes were all based on the same basic concept, but differed in terms of electrical equipment, various mechanical components and interior fittings. The draft plan for the vehicles was largely created in the SSB, the exterior design was carried out by the Lindinger & Partner design office. The mechanical part of the vehicles was manufactured by MAN in Nuremberg, the electrical equipment was supplied by AEG , Siemens and BBC .
Since the SSB did not yet have standard gauge lines at the time, the prototypes were tested on the Alb Valley Railway from 1982 to the beginning of 1983 . From February 14, 1983, they were used in Stuttgart on the Möhringen - Plieningen section of line 3.
The trains were retired and scrapped in 1990. One single wagon each of the DT 8.1 (3001) and DT 8.3 (3006) was preserved. These are looked after by the Stuttgart Historic Tramway Association and were inaccessible to the public in the Heslach depot until 2018. On July 18, 2018, they were transferred from there by rail to the Möhringen depot. The cars with the numbers 3001 and 3006 are now in the Stuttgart Tram Museum .
The type designations of the three prototype trains are subsequently referred to as series. But this is misleading, as it is only a single move and not a larger series.
DT 8.4-8.9
- The first regular Type 8.4 with 40 units (built in 1985 and 1986; car numbers 3007–3086) is equipped with folding steps, which also allow exit at underground platforms.
- The following DT 8.5 had only minor changes (nine trains from 1988 to 1989; car numbers 3087-3104).
- In 1989 and 1990 the production of the type 8.6 took place , which in contrast to the previous locomotives no longer has folding steps (32 double railcars; car numbers 3105-3168).
- In 1992 the six units of the DT 8.7 (car numbers 3169–3180), which are again equipped with folding steps.
- In 1993, the delivery of eleven more double railcars without folding steps followed (DT 8.8 ; vehicle numbers 3181-3202).
- In 1996 alone, another 16 DT 8.9 (car numbers 3203-3234) to the SSB, also equipped for high-level platforms.
DT 8.10 / 8.11
With a modified design, the DT 8.10 was introduced in 1999 and 2000 . The 23 multiple units (car numbers 3301–3346) were produced by Siemens and are only intended for use on elevated platforms. A bellows allows passage between the two cars. The biggest visual differences to the previous series are the curved front sides and the recessed couplings in the rest position. Technically, the new vehicles differ significantly from their predecessors, which makes coupling with them impossible. The DT 8.10 have a train bus system ( SIBAS 32 ) and a modern three-phase drive with now one drive motor per axle (previously one drive motor for both axles of a bogie).
In 2004 and 2005, Bombardier manufactured 27 additional double railcars, which are identical to the DT 8.10 but are designated as DT 8.11 (car numbers 3347–3400).
DT 8.12 / 8.14 / 8.15
The visually and technically redesigned type DT 8.12 was delivered from December 2012 and was in regular service for the first time in August 2013. The contract for the delivery of 20 light rail trains was awarded to Stadler Pankow in January 2010 . Technically, these trains are based on the “Tango” series introduced by Stadler in 2007 , but they have been adapted to the SSB conditions. Compared to the previous DT8 series, the empty weight increased to 59 tons and the output to 8 × 130 kilowatts. The vehicles were given the vehicle numbers 3501 to 3540. The approval for regular operation by the technical supervisory authority in the Stuttgart regional council took place on June 26, 2013.
Due to increasing passenger numbers and line extensions, the SSB supervisory board decided on June 21, 2013 to use the option agreed with Stadler for up to 40 additional vehicles, and triggered the order for 20 additional DT 8.12s at a price of 77 million euros. These are referred to as DT 8.14 . The first DT 8.14 was delivered on February 15, 2017, the remaining vehicles followed by the beginning of 2018.
At the meeting on September 26, 2017, the SSB Supervisory Board decided to order the remaining 20 vehicles from the agreed option at a price of around four million euros per vehicle. They will be given the designation DT 8.15 and should be delivered from 2021 to 2023.
Contact line test vehicle
The pair of cars 3067/3068 can accommodate a camera and a scale on the pantograph for maintenance and control of the contact lines on the roof. The measuring devices are installed in the vehicle for control purposes. After they have been removed, the train is back on the road as a normal light rail.
There are small differences between the two cars. The original 3067 car was irreparably damaged in an accident in 1990. The undamaged half of 3068 was initially parked. In 1992 a single light rail car was ordered together with the DT 8.7, which has since been in use as the new 3067 car.
General overhaul
From the end of 2007 to 2017, the last two wagons in the 8.4 series, the 58 wagons in the DT 8.5–8.8 series and, since September 2013, the 16 wagons in the 8.9 series have been completely overhauled and refurbished.
The retreading included u. a. the following changes:
- All electrical wiring has been replaced.
- The passenger information system in the interior has been switched from conveyor belts to screens. In the interior, LCD text fields were installed at the ends of the cars, which indicate the next stop.
- A new cab rear wall (similar to DT 8.10) was installed.
- The folding steps were removed where they still existed.
- It was repainted, the window band is now in midnight blue instead of the previous anthracite.
- The coupling opening has been reduced.
- The vehicles received LED daytime running lights on the fronts , which were installed next to the red reflectors on the lower edge of the car body.
- The storage tables at the window seats have been significantly enlarged and are now similar to those in the newer cars, but have an edge.
- New door opening buttons (identical to DT 8.10 / 11) have been installed in the interior.
The overhauled cars are called DT 8-S, the first digit of the vehicle number changes from 3 to 4. A modernized DT 8.6 (car 3155/3156 - later 4155/4156) was opened on the occasion of the "140 years SSB" festival on 19. July 2008 presented to the public.
In April 2009, the first refurbished cars went into regular service. In July 2015, 63 refurbished vehicles were already in service. All of the DT8.5-9 series cars and one of the DT8.4 series have now been completely overhauled.
A "small" renovation is planned for the remaining vehicles of the DT.8.4 series in the coming years; This includes the expansion of the folding steps, the installation of LCD text fields at the ends of the car, a repainting, as well as a technical refurbishment (especially the electrical system). In contrast to the DT8.S series, these vehicles retain their previous vehicle numbers. The first car that was refurbished according to this scheme was the 3053/3054 pair of cars.
criticism
Curve radius
The vehicles require a minimum curve radius of 50 meters. This complicates or prevents the expansion of the urban railway, especially in inner-city areas. For example, bus routes 40 and 42 serve a high number of passengers, which suggests the switch to light rail operations. The urban development situation in Gablenberg and Stuttgart-Ost does not allow the operation of DT-8 trains on the earlier routes of tram line 8. When building light rail lines in other places, houses had to make way or comparatively expensive tunnels had to be built.
Elevated platforms
In addition, some of the above-ground elevated platforms that were built when the DT-8 was introduced when switching to light rail operations are under discussion. In many places, the transport planners tried to embed the relatively bulky platforms in their surroundings, but the result was apparently not completely satisfactory everywhere, as repeated criticism shows. It is pointed out, among other things, that elevated platforms were seen as desirable in the early days of the Stuttgart Stadtbahn, but not seen as necessary everywhere. Stops with low platforms had therefore also been built, which, in the opinion of the critics, were often better integrated into their surroundings.
To ensure barrier-free accessibility, the last two underground platforms (U13) were equipped with elevated platforms (Badstrasse) and the Augsburger Platz stop was replaced by the new Ebitzweg stop a few meters further south with the option to change to the Schusterbahn (R11). Since then, the folding steps have been gradually removed from all vehicles, saving around two tons in weight.
Names
Some light rail trains were named after city districts, neighboring communities or twin cities of Stuttgart, primarily on the occasion of the commissioning of new light rail routes (see Stadtbahn Stuttgart # route chronicle ) or on the occasion of the anniversary of the town twinning. On these light rail trains, the name and the corresponding coat of arms are affixed to the side of the short dome end.
| number | Baptism date | Name of the train |
|---|---|---|
| 3011/3012 | April 19, 1986 | Vaihingen |
| 3025/3026 | April 19, 1986 | City of Fellbach |
| 3027/3028 | September 30, 1989 | Hedelfingen |
| 3029/3030 | April 19, 1986 | Bad Cannstatt |
| 3035/3036 | September 30, 1989 | Cheeks |
| 3039/3040 | September 30, 1989 | Vogelsang |
| 3043/3044 | September 24, 1994 | Untertürkheim |
| 3063/3064 | July 12, 1986 | Mulhouse |
| 3065/3066 | September 24, 1994 | Botnang |
| 3303/3304 | May 22, 1999 | Large district town of Remseck am Neckar |
| 3305/3306 | September 11, 1999 | Sillenbuch |
| 3307/3308 | September 11, 1999 | Hayload |
| 3311/3312 | September 9, 2000 | City of Ostfildern |
| 3353/3354 | December 11, 2010 | Fasanenhof |
| 3355/3356 | July 3, 2004 | gable |
| 3357/3358 | December 10, 2011 | Stammheim |
| 3359/3360 | December 10, 2011 | Zuffenhausen |
| 3371/3372 | October 16, 2004 | Möhringen |
| 3391/3392 | December 9, 2006 | Mönchfeld |
| 3501/3502 | May 13, 2016 | Dürrlewang |
| 3503/3504 | 28th September 2017 | Samara (Сама́ра) |
| 3505/3506 | December 9, 2017 | Europaviertel |
| 3507/3508 | September 14, 2013 | Future reverberation |
| 3511/3512 | 29 May 2018 | Łódź |
| 3519/3520 | June 26, 2015 | Cardiff (Caerdydd) |
| 3521/3522 | 23 October 2019 | Brno |
| 3523/3524 | March 10, 2020 | Cairo |
| 3541/3542 | September 27, 2018 | Mumbai |
| 3579/3580 | December 14, 2018 | St. Helens |
| 4095/4096 | September 24, 1994 | Gaisburg |
| 4097/4098 | July 12, 1986 | Muenster |
| 4131/4132 | 3rd November 1990 | Leinfelden-Echterdingen |
| 4135/4136 | September 26, 1992 | Weilimdorf |
| 4139/4140 | 3rd November 1990 | Feuerbach |
| 4187/4188 | 2nd October 1993 | City of Gerlingen |
| 2020 (planned) | Saint Louis |
literature
- Gottfried Bauer, Ulrich Theurer: From the tram to the Stuttgart city railway 1975–2000 . Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-00-006615-2 .
- Philipp Krammer, Robert Schwandl: Stuttgart Stadtbahn Album . Robert Schwandl Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-936573-17-6
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Technical data of the new vehicle S-DT 8.12. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 3, 2013 ; Retrieved April 13, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c SSB: Stuttgart's Twelfth - Light Rail Car Type S-DT 8.12 . Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG, Stuttgart 2013 ( digital version ( memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note .; PDF ; 3.8 MB)
- ↑ a b c d e SSB: Topics of the time - The general overhaul project . Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG, Stuttgart 2011 (special edition of the employee magazine "Über Berg und Tal", issue 4/2011)
- ↑ a b c SSB / State Capital Stuttgart: Stadtbahn Stuttgart - cross-valley lines U 5 and U 6 . Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG and state capital Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1990
- ↑ a b c d e f g Gottfried Bauer, Ulrich Theurer: Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen Volume IV - From the tram to the light rail 1975-2000. Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-00-006615-2 .
- ↑ Stadler Pankow GmbH: Stadtbahn DT8.12 for the Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG (technical data sheet) ( digital version ( memento of the original from November 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to instructions and then remove this notice .; PDF; 1.8 MB)
- ↑ Stuttgarter Nachrichten: Two lines to Mühlhausen - SSB: In future with U14 to Vaihingen . Retrieved April 12, 2013 .
- ^ A b Gottfried Bauer, Ulrich Theurer, Claude Jeanmaire: Trams around Stuttgart (Volume III). Verlag Eisenbahn, Villingen (CH), ISBN 3-85649-047-7 .
- ↑ Elke Hauptmann: SSB are investing 149 million euros . In: Esslinger Zeitung . December 2, 2015, ZDB -ID 125919-2 , p. 6 ( online for a fee ). online ( Memento of the original from January 1, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Stuttgarter Zeitung, Stuttgart, Germany: Stuttgart-Vaihingen: Oldtimer tram derailed . In: stuttgarter-zeitung.de . ( stuttgarter-zeitung.de [accessed on July 18, 2018]).
- ↑ Planning and projects of the SSB at a glance, SSB from June 26, 2012. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 12, 2013 ; Retrieved March 19, 2013 .
- ↑ SSB sends new light rail on a test drive through Stuttgart. Retrieved March 19, 2013 .
- ↑ Big order for Stadler Pankow: 20 light rail vehicles for Stuttgart ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 23 kB), press release from Stadler Pankow from January 29, 2010
- ↑ SSB balance sheet 2013: Current status and projects ( Memento from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG, July 2, 2014
- ↑ Stuttgarters continue to drive Tango , Stadler Pankow GmbH, January 13, 2014
- ↑ Addition to the yellow fleet - the first car of the new light rail series has arrived in Stuttgart. (No longer available online.) Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG, February 17, 2017, archived from the original on February 18, 2017 ; accessed on February 17, 2017 .
- ↑ SSB supervisory board decides to invest: 20 more Stadler trams for Stuttgart. In: bahnonline.ch. October 5, 2017, accessed June 9, 2020 .
- ↑ Million grant for SSB . The web newspaper Stuttgart, May 11, 2019, accessed on June 9, 2020.
- ↑ The U13 tram line now stops at Ebitzweg ( Memento from December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Petra Mostbacher-Dix: 25 years of twinning: Samara drives through Stuttgart. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung . September 28, 2017. Retrieved September 29, 2017 .
- ↑ Stuttgart Stadtbahnwagen is christened 'Lodz' - the coat of arms of the Polish twin city forms a "rolling invitation" - City of Stuttgart. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on June 24, 2018 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ 60 years of town twinning - delegation from Cardiff visits Stuttgart . Website of the city of Stuttgart. Retrieved June 28, 2015.
- ↑ Stuttgart Stadtbahnwagen is christened 'Brno'. Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG, October 23, 2019, accessed on October 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Stuttgart light rail vehicle is christened 'Cairo' - the coat of arms of the Egyptian twin city as a rolling symbol. Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG, March 11, 2020, accessed on March 12, 2020 .
- ↑ Petra Mostbacher-Dix: 50 years of town twinning: Former Mayor Klett wanted to open Stuttgart to the world. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung. September 27, 2018. Retrieved September 28, 2018 .
- ↑ Stuttgart Stadtbahnwagen is christened "St. Helens". City of Stuttgart, December 14, 2018, accessed on December 14, 2018 .
