Salzburggau

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The Salzburggau was from the 6th century one of the Gaugrafschaft the Bavarian duchy . In 1328, with the complete replacement of the Archbishopric of Salzburg from Bavaria, a large part of the Salzburggau went to Salzburg and was renamed "Flat Land".

area

The largest area of ​​the Bavarian Salzburggau comprised:

As early as 1294, the Berchtesgadener Land had achieved its first "secular" independence and, raised to the status of the prince provost of Berchtesgaden in 1559, was an imperial principality until 1803 . Reichenhall and the surrounding area remained under Bavarian rule even after the Salzburggau was replaced. The areas remaining to the Archbishopric of Salzburg from 1328 onwards became its outer mountains until secularization , while the areas neighboring the Archbishopric were already grouped together as the so-called Inner Mountains . From 1810 the Rupertiwinkel, like the Berchtesgadener Land, went to Bavaria and since then has remained there even after the negotiations at the Congress of Vienna (1814–1815).

history

Dominions in northern Salzburggau in the High Middle Ages

The German name “Salzburg” (for the city) replaced the Roman name “ Iuvavum ” around the year 755 . The first mention of “Salzburg” can be found in the biography of St. Boniface, which was written around 770. The surrounding district got its name after the city. The first evidence of this is an entry in the Notitia Arnonis (788-790), where the name appears in the description of the place "Pidinga in pago Salzburchgaoe" ( Piding in the Gau Salzburggau).

In the north, the Salzburggau comprised the area around Tittmoning between Alz and Salzach as well as the area around the Waginger See and the region between Salzach and Michaelbeuern . In the south belong the Saalachtal with Reichenhall up to the Steinpass, the populated area around the monastery monastery Berchtesgaden and the Salzach valley up to the Pass Lueg.

In the south of the Salzburggau was the so-called "Salzburger Romania", the area in which a colloquial Latin language spoken by the Romans who stayed here could be used until around the year 1000. This area extended in the Saalachtal to Salinas (Reichenhall) and on the Salzach from Salzburg to the Lueg Pass. This language spoken by the Romans, known as " Vulgar Latin ", is believed to be similar to Romansh , Ladin or Friulian .

Important noble families who made counts in the Salzburggau were the Engelberte (9th century), the Aribonen (9th and 10th century) and the Sieghardinger (10th and 11th century). From around 1100 the Counts of Plain were enfeoffed with the county in the upper (upstream, southern) Salzburggau. To the north of it, in the lower Salzburggau, the Counts of Lebenau had held a county since 1104. The Lebenauer died out in 1229, the Plainer in 1260. Both counties then fell to the Archbishop of Salzburg. In 1275, the Duke of Bavaria largely recognized the limits of the holdings of the Archbishop of Salzburg. With the complete detachment of Salzburg from Bavaria in 1328, the Salzburggau was divided and the name became obsolete. The Salzburg part was then called "Flat Land". The name was later decisive for the justification of today's name "Flachgau". The Saalachtal with the Reichenhall court remained with the Duchy of Bavaria. The Berchtesgadener Land had already become independent in 1294 and from 1559 a principality directly under the Empire. After the secularization (from 1803) and a little later after the Congress of Vienna (from 1814) there were a few other changes of affiliation of sub-areas of the former Salzburggau ( see section: Area ).

literature