Sasa (genus)

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Sasa
Sasa fortunei in the Kunming Botanical Gardens

Sasa fortunei in the Kunming Botanical Gardens

Systematics
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Bamboo (Bambusoideae)
Tribe : Arundinarieae
Genre : Sasa
Scientific name
Sasa
Makino & Shibata

Sasa , also known as dwarf bamboo in German, is a genus of bamboo from theArundinarieae tribe . The range of the approximately 60 species is in China, Japan, Korea and in eastern Russia.

features

Sasa is a genus of perennial , shrubby growing bamboo species . The rhizomes are leptomorphic and form long shoots that grow underground. The internodes are thick-walled, stalk-round, hairless and sometimes white floured or sparsely hairy under the nodes. The branches grow individually and are often as long as the stalks. The straw sheaths are permanent and paper-like to almost leathery. Leaf tubes can be formed. The blade blade is lanceolate. The leaves usually have no auricles. The ligule is a ciliated or non-ciliated membranous border. The base of the leaf blade has a stalk-like connection to the leaf sheath. The leaf blades are very large and hand-shaped compared to the stalks and can have transverse leaf veins. The leaf margins die off in winter.

Loose panicles or grapes are formed as inflorescences , the base of which can be enclosed by a small bract . The spikelets are purple or red when ripe and have four to eight florets. Fertile spikelets are stalked. The spikelet axis is not articulated and elongated at the last floret. The glumes are more or less hairy, the glume margins are long ciliate. The lower glume is shorter than the upper and can also be absent entirely. The lemma is ovate or oblong-lanceolate, almost leathery and long prickly. The palea is double keeled. The three cavernous bodies are egg-shaped, thin, translucent and have ciliate edges. The six stamens protrude far from the floret and have yellow anthers. The ovary is egg-shaped and only wearing a short pen with three feathered scars . When ripe, dark brown caryopses are formed as fruits .

Geographical distribution

The natural range is in China , Japan , Korea and in eastern Russia . Eight species are endemic to China .

use

Due to the large size of the rhizomes, some species are used in Japan to fortify soils.

Diseases

The rust fungi Puccinia longicornis , Puccinia sasicola and Puccinia mitriformis occur in different species of the genus .

Sasa kurilensis
Sasa nipponica
Leaves of Sasa palmata in winter
Sasa veitchii
Sasa veitchii

Systematics

Sasa is a genus from the Arundinarieae tribe in the sweet grass family (Poaceae), subfamily bamboo (Bambusoideae). The genus was first described in 1901 by Tomitaro Makino and Keita Shibata in the Japanese journal Botanical Magazine . Synonyms of the genus are Neosasamorpha Tatew. and Nipponobambusa Muroi . The generic name Sasa comes from Japanese and is probably a short form of sásai na také , which means something like "low- growing bamboo".

At least two sub-genera are distinguished:

  • Subgenus Sasa : The stalks and the inflorescence axes are not floured in white, the stem sheaths are shorter than the internodes, there may be auricles, the branches extend from the stem at an angle of 20 to 30 degrees, the leaf blades are dull in color. More than 40 species are assigned to the subgenus, including Sasa guangxiensis , Sasa longiligulata , Sasa oblongula , Sasa rubrovaginata and Sasa tomentosa .
  • Subgenus Sasamorpha (Nakai) CHHu : The stalks and the inflorescence axes are clearly floured in white, the nodes are flat or only slightly raised, the stem sheaths are longer than the internodes, the branches extend from the stem at an angle of 10 degrees, the leaf blade is wide glittering. Five to 22 species are assigned to the subgenus, including Sasa hubeiensis , Sasa qingyuanensis and Sasa sinica .

Around 45–60 species are assigned to the genus. According to R. Govaerts, the following species are recognized:

No longer counted in this genus:

swell

literature

  • Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 22: Poaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2006, ISBN 1-930723-50-4 , pp. 109-111 (English).
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , pp. 698-699.
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , p. 560 (reprint from 1996).

Web links

Commons : Sasa  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Sasa at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed February 4, 2014.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name according to Genaust: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 560 and Roloff, Bärtels: Flora der Gehölze , p. 698.
  2. ↑ a b c d Zheng-ping Wang, Chris Stapleton: Sasa , in Flora of China , Volume 22, p. 109.
  3. ↑ a b W. D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, KT Harman, H. Williamson: Sasa. In: GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. Royal Botanic Gardens, accessed February 3, 2014 .
  4. ↑ Roloff, Bärtels: Flora der Gehölze , p. 699.
  5. ↑ George Baker Cummins: The Rust Fungi of Cereals, Grasses and Bamboos. Springer, Berlin 1971, ISBN 3-540-05336-0 .
  6. ^ Sasa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved February 3, 2014.
  7. ↑ Sasa. In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved February 3, 2014 .
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Sasa. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved August 23, 2018.
  9. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 560.
  10. ^ Zheng-ping Wang, Chris Stapleton: Sasa subg. Sasa , in Flora of China , Volume 22, p. 110.
  11. ^ Zheng-ping Wang, Chris Stapleton: Sasa subg. Sasamorpha , in Flora of China , Volume 22, p. 111.