World Chess Championship 1927

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Opponents of the 1927 World Chess Championship
photo
Alekhine Capablanca WCC 1927.jpg
Alexander Alekhine José Raúl Capablanca
nation FranceFrance CubaCuba
status challenger Defending champion
Age 34 years 38 years

The 1927 world chess championship was a duel between reigning world chess champion José Raúl Capablanca and his challenger Alexander Alekhine . Alekhine won and became the fourth world champion in chess history.

prehistory

After Capablanca became world champion in the competition in 1921 , various champions such as Rubinstein , Nimzowitsch and Alekhine wanted to challenge him. However, this always failed because of Capablanca's financial demands. Eventually Alekhine succeeded in guaranteeing the prize money with the help of the Argentine government.

The New York tournament in the spring of 1927 became the dress rehearsal. Capablanca won there with a 2½ point lead over Alekhine, whom he defeated in one game (three other games ended in a draw). In view of this success and his overall record against Alekhine (3-0 after victories in 7 draws) Capablanca was considered the favorite for the upcoming World Cup fight.

Organization and rules

The game was played in Buenos Aires .

The number of games was not limited. The winner should be the one who would have achieved 6 wins first. It is not unequivocally proven whether there was an additional rule according to which Capablanca should keep his title in the event of a 5: 5, i.e. a draw was enough for him, while Alekhine had to win at least 6: 4.

The referee of the competition was Dr. Querencio; In his book, Alekhine also thanked the then and later chairman of the Argentine Chess Club , Dr. Molina-Carranza and Dr. Gabaret. Reporting in the local press was done by C. Grau for La Nación , A. Ellermann for La Prensa , C. Portelain in La Razon and C. Celaja in La Critica . Alekhine's second was Daniel Deletang .

The prize fund amounted to 10,000 US dollars . The defending champion received 20 percent of this in advance. The winner received 60 percent of the remaining sum and the loser 40 percent. The total cost of the competition to the organizing Club Argentino de Ajedrez was nearly 40,000 pesos .

course

The match began on September 16, 1927. About two months later, on November 29, the match was decided in Alekhine's favor. At the time, this was the longest World Cup fight in history with 34 games, later only surpassed by the canceled World Cup in 1984 . Another special feature was the choice of opening : all games except the first and third were played with the Queen's Gambit rejected .

21st game

Capablanca-Alekhine 0-1

Wednesday October 26th

Queen's Gambit (main variation)

1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 0–0 7. Rc1 a6 8. a3 h6 9. Bh4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 b5 11. Be2 Bb7 12. 0– 0 c5 13. dxc5 Nxc5 14. Nd4 Rc8 15. b4 Scd7 16. Bg3 Nb6 17. Qb3 Nfd5 18. Bf3 Rc4 19. Ne4 Qc8 20. Rxc4 Nxc4 21. Rc1 Qa8 22. Nc3 Rc8 23. Nxd5 Bxd5 24. Bxd5 Qxd5 25.a4 Bf6 26.Nf3 Bb2 27.Re1 Rd8 28.axb5 axb5 29.h3 e5 30.Rb1 e4 31.Nd4 Bxd4 32.Rd1 Nxe3 0: 1

Score: Capablanca 2 Alekhine 4

World Chess Championship 1927
1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 10 11 12 13 14th 15th 16 17th
Capablanca 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½
Alekhine 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½
18th 19th 20th 21st 22nd 23 24 25th 26th 27 28 29 30th 31 32 33 34 Victories Points
Capablanca ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 3 15½
Alekhine ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 6th 18½

consequences

After his unexpected defeat, Capablanca sought revenge - but under different conditions: the number of games should be limited and the prize money should be significantly lower. Alekhine, however, strictly insisted on the conditions that Capablanca had previously set himself. The fact that Capablanca had made unobjective negative comments about Alekhine's chess skills in the press immediately after the fight did not help to change his mind. The two became bitter enemies who neither exchanged greetings nor words when they met in the tournament hall. Capablanca died in 1942 without a fight for revenge taking place.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Raymund Stolze : Contested crown - the duels of the world chess champions from Steinitz to Kasparow . Sportverlag, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-328-00526-9 .
  2. according to other sources 5: 0 with 7 draws
  3. Alexander Alekhine: On the way to the world championship (1923-1927) . Walter de Gruyter & Co. Berlin and Leipzig 1932. p. 153
  4. ^ Edward Winter: Capablanca v Alekhine, 1927 , Chesshistory.com 2003