List of world chess championships

This list contains all official chess world championships (since 1886) as well as competitions from previous years, the winners of which were widely considered to be the world's best players.

year	place	Winner of the World Cup	opponent	+	=	-	mode
Competitions of the world's best players (unofficial world chess championships)
1834	London	Louis de La Bourdonnais	Alexander McDonnell	45	13	27	six duels
1843	Paris	Howard Staunton	Pierre Saint-Amant	11	4th	6th	Duel
1846	London	Howard Staunton	Bernhard Horwitz	14th	3	7th
1851	London	Adolf Anderssen	Marmaduke Wyvill	4th	1	2	Tournament in the knockout system
1858	Paris	Paul Morphy	Adolf Anderssen	7th	2	2	Duel
1866	London	Wilhelm Steinitz	Adolf Anderssen	8th	0	6th
Official World Chess Championships of the pre-FIDE era
1886	New York , St. Louis , New Orleans	Wilhelm Steinitz	Johannes Zukertort	10	5	5	10 winning games
1889	Havana	Wilhelm Steinitz	Mikhail Chigorin	10	1	6th	20 games
1890	new York	Wilhelm Steinitz	Isidor Gunsberg	6th	9	4th
1892	Havana	Wilhelm Steinitz	Mikhail Chigorin	10	5	8th	20 games ** or 10 winning games
1894	New York, Philadelphia , Montréal	Emanuel Lasker	Wilhelm Steinitz	10	4th	5	10 winning games
1896	Moscow	Emanuel Lasker	Wilhelm Steinitz	10	5	2
1907	6 cities in the USA	Emanuel Lasker	Frank Marshall	8th	7th	0	8 winning games
1908	Düsseldorf , Munich	Emanuel Lasker	Siegbert Tarrasch	8th	5	3
1910	Vienna , Berlin	Emanuel Lasker	Carl Schlechter	1	8th	1	10 games *
1910	Berlin	Emanuel Lasker	Dawid Janowski	8th	3	0	8 winning games
1921	Havana	José Raúl Capablanca	Emanuel Lasker	4th	10	0	24 games * or 8 winning games; Lasker gave up after 14 games
1927	Buenos Aires	Alexander Alekhine	José Raúl Capablanca	6th	25th	3	6 winning games
1929	6 cities in Germany and the Netherlands	Alexander Alekhine	Efim Bogolyubov	11	9	5	6 winning games and 15 points
1934	12 cities in Germany	Alexander Alekhine	Efim Bogolyubov	8th	15th	3
1935	13 cities in the Netherlands	Max Euwe	Alexander Alekhine	9	13	8th
1937	7 cities in the Netherlands	Alexander Alekhine	Max Euwe	10	11	4th
FIDE World Chess Championships
1948	The Hague, Moscow	Mikhail Botvinnik	Tournament with 5 participants	10	8th	2	Round tournament over five rounds
1951	Moscow	Mikhail Botvinnik	David Bronstein	5	14th	5	24 games *
1954	Moscow	Mikhail Botvinnik	Vasily Smyslow	7th	10	7th
1957	Moscow	Vasily Smyslow	Mikhail Botvinnik	6th	13	3
1958	Moscow	Mikhail Botvinnik	Vasily Smyslow	7th	11	5
1960	Moscow	Mikhail Tal	Mikhail Botvinnik	6th	13	2
1961	Moscow	Mikhail Botvinnik	Mikhail Tal	10	6th	5
1963	Moscow	Tigran Petrosian	Mikhail Botvinnik	5	15th	2
1966	Moscow	Tigran Petrosian	Boris Spassky	4th	17th	3
1969	Moscow	Boris Spassky	Tigran Petrosian	6th	13	4th
1972	Reykjavík	Bobby Fischer	Boris Spassky	7th	11	3
1975	( Manila )	Anatoly Karpov	Bobby Fischer	without a fight			10 winning games
1978	Baguio City	Anatoly Karpov	000Viktor Korchnoi	6th	21st	5	6 winning games
1981	Meran	Anatoly Karpov	Viktor Korchnoi	6th	10	2
1984	Moscow	Anatoly Karpov	Garry Kasparov	5	40	3	6 winning games; canceled
1985	Moscow	Garry Kasparov	Anatoly Karpov	5	16	3	24 games *
1986	London, Leningrad	Garry Kasparov	Anatoly Karpov	5	15th	4th
1987	Seville	Garry Kasparov	Anatoly Karpov	4th	16	4th
1990	New York, Lyon	Garry Kasparov	Anatoly Karpov	4th	17th	3
Classic World Chess Championships 1993-2004
World champion Garri Kasparow and his challenger Nigel Short parted ways with the World Chess Federation FIDE and played for the World Cup on behalf of the Professional Chess Association .
1993	London	Garry Kasparov	Nigel Short	6th	13	1	24 games *
1995	new York	Garry Kasparov	Viswanathan Anand	4th	13	1	20 games *
2000	London	Vladimir Kramnik	Garry Kasparov	2	13	0	16 games *
2004	Brissago	Vladimir Kramnik	Péter Lékó	2	10	2	14 games *
FIDE World Chess Championships 1993-2005
The FIDE World Chess Championships 1993-2005 found only limited recognition because the world's best players were sometimes missing and the new mode was controversial.
1993	Zwolle , Arnhem , Amsterdam , Jakarta	Anatoly Karpov	Jan Timman	6th	13	2	24 games ***
1996	Elista	Anatoly Karpov	Gata Kamsky	6th	9	3	20 games **
1997/98	Groningen , Lausanne	Anatoly Karpov	Viswanathan Anand	2 + 2	2	2	Tournament in the knockout system ; in the final 6 games ***
1999	Las Vegas	Alexander Chalifman	Vladimir Hakobyan	2	3	1
2000	New Delhi , Tehran	Viswanathan Anand	Alexei Shirov	3	1	0
2001/02	Moscow	Ruslan Ponomarev	Vasyl Ivanchuk	2	5	0	Tournament in the knockout system; in the final 8 games ***
2004	Tripoli	Rustam Kasimjanov	Michael Adams	2 + 1	2 + 1	2	Tournament in the knockout system; in the final 6 games ***
2005	San Luis	Wesselin Topalow	Tournament with 8 participants	6th	8th	0	Double round tournament
World chess championships after the title split
2006	Elista	Vladimir Kramnik	Wesselin Topalow	3 + 2	6 + 1	3 + 1	12 games ***
2007	Mexico city	Viswanathan Anand	Tournament with 8 participants	4th	10	0	Double round tournament
2008	Bonn	Viswanathan Anand	Vladimir Kramnik	3	7th	1	12 games ***
2010	Sofia	Viswanathan Anand	Wesselin Topalow	3	7th	2
2012	Moscow	Viswanathan Anand	Boris Gelfand	1 + 1	10 + 3	1
2013	Chennai	Magnus Carlsen	Viswanathan Anand	3	7th	0
2014	Sochi	Magnus Carlsen	Viswanathan Anand	3	7th	1
2016	new York	Magnus Carlsen	Sergei Karjakin	1 + 2	10 + 2	1
2018	London	Magnus Carlsen	Fabiano Caruana	0 + 3	12	0
* In the event of a tie, the reigning world champion should keep his title. ** In the event of a tie, there should be additional games. *** In the event of a tie, there should be additional games with a shorter reflection period ( tie-break ).

See also

• List of World Chess Championships for women

literature

• André Schulz : The big book of the World Chess Championships. 46 title fights - from Steinitz to Carlsen . New in Chess , Alkmaar 2015, ISBN 978-9056916374 .
• Raymund Stolze : Contested Crown - The duels of the world chess champions from Steinitz to Kasparow. Sportverlag Berlin , 1992, ISBN 3-328-00526-9 .

References and comments

1. ↑ Anderssen defeated Staunton 4-1 in the semi-finals.
2. ^ New York, Philadelphia, Washington, Baltimore, Chicago, Memphis
3. ↑ Wiesbaden, Heidelberg, Berlin, Rotterdam, The Hague, Amsterdam
4. ^ Baden-Baden, Villingen, Freiburg, Pforzheim, Stuttgart, Munich, Bayreuth, Bad Kissingen, Nuremberg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim, Berlin
5. ↑ Amsterdam, Delft, Rotterdam, Utrecht, Gouda, The Hague, Groningen, Baarn, 's-Hertogenbosch, Eindhoven, Zeist, Ermelo, Zandvoort
6. ↑ The Hague, Rotterdam, Amsterdam, Haarlem, Leiden, Groningen, Delft