Viswanathan Anand

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Viswanathan Anand
Viswanathan Anand, 2009
Surname Viswanathan Anand
Association IndiaIndia India
Born December 11, 1969
Madras , India
title International Master (1985)
Grand Master (1988)
World Champion 2000 to 2002 ( FIDE )
2007 to 2013
Current  Elo rating 2753 (August 2020)
Best Elo rating 2817 (March 2011)
Tab at the FIDE (English)

Viswanathan Anand ( Tamil : விசுவநாதன் ஆனந்த், also called "Vishy" ; born December 11, 1969 in Madras , Tamil Nadu ) is an Indian grandmaster in chess . He was FIDE world champion from 2000 to 2002 and the 15th world chess champion , starting with his victory over Wladimir Kramnik in the 2007 world chess championship until his loss to Magnus Carlsen in the 2013 world chess championship .

life and career

youth

Anand, also known as the "Tiger of Madras", learned to play chess from his mother when he was six. A year later he joined a chess club. The chess fever hit him when he moved to his father, who was working in Manila , in the Philippines a year later , where the 1978 world championship match between Anatoli Karpov and Viktor Korchnoi took place and triggered a wave of chess enthusiasm.

After Anand returned to India, his streak of success began: in 1983 he won the Indian U16 and U19 youth championships and qualified for the adult championship, which took place a year later. After taking a good fourth place there, Anand was appointed to the Indian national team, with which he played at the 1984 Chess Olympiad in Thessaloniki . With 7.5 points from eleven games, the only 14-year-old scored respectably against a very strong opponent. In the same year Anand won the Asian Youth Championship in Coimbatore and repeated this victory a year later. In 1985 FIDE awarded him the title of International Master as the youngest player from Asia to date . In 1986 Anand won the championship of India and became the youngest national champion in India to date, the title of national champion he could repeat twice. In 1987 he became Junior World Champion U20 . In December of the same year he became a grandmaster (due to two norms at tournaments in New Delhi and Coimbatore); FIDE officially awarded him the title in April 1988.

First attempts at the world championship

Viswanathan Anand at the 1992 Chess Olympiad in Manila

When interzonal of Manila in 1990 he managed to qualify for the candidates tournament . Anand knocked out Russian Alexei Drejew with 4.5: 1.5 (+4 = 1 −1) in the round of 16, held in his hometown Madras in 1991 , and in the quarter-finals met former world champion Anatoli Karpow, whom he narrowly met in Brussels in 1991 lost with 3.5: 4.5 (+1 = 5 −2). In 1992 he achieved outstanding tournament victories in Reggio nell'Emilia (ahead of Garri Kasparow and Anatoli Karpow) and Moscow . In the same year he defeated the Ukrainian Vasyl Ivanchuk in a competition in Linares with 5: 3 (+3 = 5 −1).

In 1993 Anand succeeded in qualifying (at the interzonal tournament in Biel ) for the FIDE candidate tournament again. Also at the PCA tournament in Groningen for the candidate fights of this competitive organization (Anand won together with Michael Adams with 7.5 out of 11 each). Participation in both candidate tournaments was associated with enormous hardship: Anand won the PCA cycle in the quarter-finals against the Ukrainian Oleh Romanyschyn in New York in 1994 with 5: 2 (+3 = 4 −0) and in the semifinals in Linares in 1994 against Michael Adams 5.5: 1.5 (+4 = 3 −0).

At the FIDE Candidates Tournament in Wijk aan Zee in 1994 , he knocked out Artur Jussupow with 4.5: 2.5 (+3 = 3 −1) in the first round , but lost to Nagar Gata Kamsky 4: 6 in the semifinals in Sanghi , after the competition ended regularly 4: 4 (+2 = 4 −2) and Kamsky won the decisive rapid games 2: 0. In 1995 both players met again in the final of the PCA Candidates Tournament in Las Palmas : This time Anand won with 6.5: 4.5 (+3 = 7 −1) and was challenged to the Russian Garri Kasparow.

World Cup fight 1995 and stagnation

PR photo for the 1995 World Championship fight

The 1995 World Championship match was hosted by PCA in the South Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. Anand, who took the lead in the ninth game after eight draws , lost to defending champion Kasparov after 18 games with 7.5: 10.5 (+1 = 13-4). In 1996 Anand won the traditional tournament in Dortmund together with Vladimir Kramnik , and a year later, also shared with Kramnik, in Dos Hermanas . In 1997 he achieved a brilliant victory at the newly established FIDE knockout world championships in Groningen (he defeated Michael Adams in the final ), but this first place only meant qualification for the competition with the reigning FIDE world champion Anatoli Karpow. The competition took place three days later in January 1998 in Lausanne and ended regularly 3: 3 (+2 = 2 −2), but in rapid play Karpov proved to be less tired and defeated Anand, who had played a strenuous tournament in Groningen, with 2: 0. FIDE changed the regulations after protests and let the defending champion compete in the first round at the next events. In 1998 Anand, again shared with Kramnik, won the traditional tournament in Wijk aan Zee. In 1999 he defeated Karpov in a computer-aided competition in León with 5: 1 (+4 = 2 −0).

FIDE 2000 World Champion

At the FIDE World Championships in New Delhi in 2000 , Anand had his greatest success to date: after the lengthy knockout competitions, he and Alexei Schirow were finalists. A few days later he defeated the Spaniard in the final match, held in Tehran , with 3.5: 0.5 and became FIDE world champion.

The years 2001 to 2009

In 2001 he won the tournament in Mérida . At the FIDE World Championships 2001/02 in Moscow he could not defend his title: In the semifinals he was eliminated by Vasyl Ivanchuk with 1.5: 2.5 (+0 = 3 −1), which he did after Ivanchuk's final defeat against Ruslan Ponomarev in January 2002 lost the title to the same. In 2002 he won the FIDE World Cup in Hyderabad (by a 1.5: 0.5 final victory over Rustam Kasimjanov ). In 2003 he won the official FIDE Rapid World Championship in Cap d'Agde . In the same year he won in Wijk aan Zee. In 2004 he repeated this victory and also won in Dortmund. In 2005 he finished second in Wijk aan Zee and Sofia . He finished second behind the Bulgarian Wesselin Topalow at the FIDE World Championship tournament in San Luis (Argentina) in 2005, which was played as a double round figure eight tournament . Anand, like the Russian Pjotr ​​Swidler , scored 8.5 out of 14. He started 2006 with a tournament victory (shared with Topalow) in Wijk aan Zee. On the FIDE April 2006 world rankings, Anand has an Elo rating of over 2800. Only three players broke this mark before him: the Russians Garri Kasparow and Vladimir Kramnik and the Bulgarian Vesselin Topalow.

Rapid chess is an Anand specialty . In his youth he also played his tournament games at a breathtaking pace, for which he was nicknamed the "Lightning Kid" in India. His winning streak at the rapid chess tournament, the Chess Classic , which took place in Frankfurt am Main until 2000 and has been held in Mainz since 2001 , is particularly impressive . Today the winner of this tournament, which was often in the form of a duel , is considered the unofficial rapid chess world champion . Except in 1996, 1999 and 2009 Anand won it every year, in 2008 for the ninth time in a row and with victories in 1997 and 1998 for the eleventh time. Since 2006, this rapid chess tournament has been publicly titled and sponsored as a world championship by a financial company. With the FIDE rapid chess world champion title from 2003 and his 11 rapid chess tournament victories and title defenses at the Frankfurt Chess Classic and the Chess Classic Mainz, Anand is twelve times world champion in rapid chess; At the beginning of August 2009, Levon Aronjan won this title.

Won the world title in 2007 and other successes

Anand with the victory trophy after the 2008 World Chess Championship

In 2007 he won the traditional tournament of Morelia / Linares (eight participants, double round) with 8.5 points from 14 games. At two other tournaments in Wijk aan Zee (5th place) and Dortmund (4th place) Anand did well, but was placed behind World Champion Kramnik. In the World Cup tournament from Mexico City (13 to 29 September 2007) won Anand with 9.0 points from 14 games ahead of second place Vladimir Kramnik and reached the peak of his career: By winning Anand ascended the summit of the reunified world chess, replaced Wladimir Kramnik, and became 15th chess world champion in continuity since Wilhelm Steinitz.

After tied for third place in the first “Super GM tournament” of 2008 in Wijk aan Zee in January, Anand repeated his previous year's success in Morelia and Linares: with 8.5 points from 14 games, he won half a point ahead of Magnus Carlsen . In October 2008 Anand defended his world title with a 6.5: 4.5 victory at the 2008 World Chess Championship in Bonn against Vladimir Kramnik. At the 2010 World Chess Championship in Sofia , he defended his title against Wesselin Topalow with 6.5: 5.5. At the World Chess Championship in Moscow in 2012 , the title defense against Boris Gelfand succeeded after 6: 6 in the regular games only in rapid chess - tiebreak with 2.5: 1.5.

In November 2013, he played a world championship match against challenger Magnus Carlsen in his hometown of Chennai, formerly Madras , in which he lost his title.

World Chess Championship 2014

In March 2014, Anand was the sole winner after the 13th of 14 rounds of the Chanty-Mansiysk 2014 Candidates Tournament . He was therefore able to compete again in November 2014 against the reigning world champion Magnus Carlsen . Anand remained unbeaten during the entire Candidates Tournament and decided the tournament with 3 wins and 11 draws (score: +3). With this result, Anand was able to improve the Elo rating by 15 points to 2785 points in April 2014, which made him the new No. 3 in the world rankings. In November 2014 Anand failed at the 2014 World Chess Championship against the reigning world champion Magnus Carlsen after the eleventh of twelve scheduled games with 4.5: 6.5 points.

World rapid champion 2017

In December 2017, he became world rapid champion of rapid chess in Riyadh after winning a play-off against Vladimir Fedoseyev .

Lots

Elo development

Elo development

Team chess

National team

Anand took part in the Chess Olympiads in 1984 (on the fourth board), 1986 , 1988 , 1990 , 1992 , 2004 , 2006 and 2018 (on the top board) with the Indian national team. In 2004 he achieved the second best rating of all players. At the Asian team championship in 1986 in Dubai Anand landed second with the Indian team and achieved the best individual result on the fourth board, three years later on Genting Highlands he reached third place with the team and won the individual ranking on the top board.

Club chess

For OSG Baden-Baden at the 2017 Bundesliga finals in Berlin

Since the 2002/03 season , Anand has played in the German Federal Chess League at OSG Baden-Baden and became German team champion in 2007 , 2008 , 2009 , 2010 , 2012 , 2014 , 2017 , 2018 and 2019 . In 2007 he took part in the European Club Cup with Baden-Baden . Anand is registered with Aquaprofit NTSK in Hungary , but was only used once to win the title in the 2009/10 season . In France, Anand previously played for Lyon-Oyonnax , with whom he won the European Club Cup in 1993 and 1994, and in the 2003/04 season he played for Cannes Echecs . In 1998 and 1999 he took part in the European Club Cup with Agrouniverzal Zemun and in 1999 came second.

Greatest successes

Péter Lékó , Anand and Artur Jussupow at the Dortmund Chess Days 1997

Play style

Anand was considered an exceptional talent in his youth. He has a quick grasp and an intuitive understanding of the essential characteristics of a position. At first it took a lot of effort for him to concentrate entirely on chess and to work systematically on improving his game. As recently as 1992, endgame technique did not seem to be one of his strong points. His style matured over the course of his career, so that today he is considered a player who has no obvious weaknesses in any phase of the game. His preparation for the opening is at a high level, although he is not restricted to specific systems and can surprise his opponents with unexpected variations. He is a good calculator, sees tactical twists and turns very quickly and therefore seldom runs out of time . But he also deals strongly with strategic positions and technical endgames, so his style can be described as universal.

Awards

In 1987 the Indian government awarded Anand the Padma Shri , in 2001 the Padma Bhushan and in 2008 the Padma Vibhushan . In 1992 he received the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna . He was awarded the Chess Oscar for best player of the year in 1997, 1998, 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2008 . With 6 Oscars he is third on the all-time best list behind Garri Kasparow (11 Oscars) and Anatoli Karpow (9). The television station CNN-IBN voted him Indian Sportsman of the Year 2007. On October 8, 2014, an asteroid was named after him: (4538) Vishyanand .

So far, six of his winning games have been recognized by the Schachinformator jury as the best of the respective half-year:

  • Anand - Ftáčnik , Biel 1993
  • Anand - Karpow, Las Palmas 1996
  • Anand - Lautier , Biel 1997
  • Anand - Bologan , Dortmund 2003
  • Anand - Adams, San Luis 2005
  • Aronjan - Anand, Mexico City 2007

Private

Aruna and Viswanathan Anand (2004)

Anand has been married to Aruna (* 1975) since June 1996 and is managed by her. He promotes chess schools in India, supports social projects and is a Brahmin . In 2005, for example, he collected donations for an organization that campaigns against polio . Anand is fluent in several languages, including Spanish and German. In 2011 the couple had a son.

Works

Web links

Commons : Viswanathan Anand  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Viswanathan is a patronymic and not a first name. ChessBase.com - Chess News - What's in a name? In: chessbase.com. Retrieved July 27, 2011 .
  2. ↑ Copy of Anand's passport: anand14.jpg (JPEG graphic, 455x251 pixels). In: chessbase.com. Retrieved July 27, 2011 .
  3. ^ André Schulz : Viswanathan Anand on the 50th In: de.chessbase.com. December 11, 2019, accessed January 14, 2020.
  4. ↑ Anand: My best chess games. Olms, Zurich 1998, ISBN 3-283-00351-3 , p. 7.
  5. ↑ Willy Iclicki: FIDE Golden book 1924-2002. Euroadria, Slovenia, 2002, p. 80.
  6. ^ "Schach" magazine, issue 2/1998, p. 4.
  7. ↑ Viswanathan Anand wins the Dortmunder Sparkassen Chess Meeting 2004 on TeleSchach .
  8. ↑ Numbers according to FIDE Elo lists. Data sources: fide.com (period since 2001), olimpbase.org (period 1971 to 2001)
  9. ↑ Viswanathan Anand's results at the Chess Olympiads on olimpbase.org (English)
  10. ↑ Viswanathan Anand's results at Asian team championships on olimpbase.org (English)
  11. ↑ a b c Viswanathan Anand's results at European Club Cups on olimpbase.org (English)
  12. ↑ According to Michail Gurewitsch , who was the only one able to defeat Anand in Reggio Emilia, Schach 3/1992, p. 30.
  13. ^ L. Ftáčnik, D. Kopec , W. Browne : Champions of the new millennium. Glasgow 2009, pp. 42-43, 63.
  14. ^ Anand is CNN-IBN Indian of the Year - Sports - Sports News - IBNLive. In: ibnlive.in.com. Retrieved July 27, 2011 .
  15. ↑ Chess World Championship: Anand - the popular genius. In: rp-online.de. Retrieved July 27, 2011 .
  16. ↑ Viswanathan Anand: King of chess again - more sports - FOCUS Online - news. In: focus.de. Retrieved July 27, 2011 .
World Chess Championships


1886-1937

1886 , 1889 , 1890 , 1892 ( Steinitz )  • 1894 , 1896 , 1907 , 1908 , 1910 (Jan – Feb) , 1910 (Nov – Dec) ( Lasker )  • 1921 ( Capablanca )  • 1927 , 1929 , 1934 ( Alekhine )  • 1935 ( Euwe )  • 1937 ( Alekhine )

1948-1990

1948 , 1951 , 1954 ( Botvinnik )  • 1957 ( Smyslow )  • 1958 ( Botvinnik )  • 1960 ( Tal )  • 1961 ( Botvinnik )  • 1963 , 1966 ( Petrosyan )  • 1969 ( Spassky )  • 1972 ( Fischer )  • 1975 , 1978 , 1981 , 1984 ( Karpow )  • 1985 , 1986 , 1987 , 1990 ( Kasparow )

1993-2005
Classic

1993 , 1995 ( Kasparow )  • 2000 , 2004 ( Kramnik )

FIDE

1993 , 1996 , 1997/1998 ( Karpow )  • 1999 ( Chalifman )  • 2000 ( Anand )  • 2001/2002 ( Ponomarjow )  • 2004 ( Kasimjanov )  • 2005 ( Topalow )

since 2006

2006 ( Kramnik )  • 2007 , 2008 , 2010 , 2012 ( Anand )  • 2013 , 2014 , 2016 , 2018 ( Carlsen )

personal data
SURNAME Anand, Viswanathan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Anand, V.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Indian chess player and world chess champion
DATE OF BIRTH December 11, 1969
PLACE OF BIRTH Madras , Tamil Nadu