Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov

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Anatoly Karpov 2018.jpg
Anatoly Karpov (2018)
Surname Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov
Association RussiaRussia Russia
Born May 23, 1951
Slatoust , Russia
title International Master (1969)
Grand Master (1970)
World Champion 1975–1985
1993–1999 ( FIDE )
Current  Elo rating 2617 (August 2020)
Best Elo rating 2780 (July 1994)
Tab at the FIDE (English)

Anatoli Evgenjewitsch Karpov ( Russian Анато́лий Евге́ньевич Ка́рпов , scientific transliteration Anatolij Evgen'evič Karpov ; born  May 23, 1951 in Slatoust , USSR ) is a Russian chess grandmaster and was FIDE world champion from 1975 to 1985 and from 1999 to 1993 world chess champion .

Life

Anatoly Karpov 1967

Anatoly Karpov learned to play chess at the age of four from his father, an engineer. At the age of ten he was master of Zlatoust, and when he was twelve he was invited to Moscow for the first time to take part in a course at the Soviet chess school. Mikhail Botvinnik was initially unimpressed by the skinny boy's rather cautious game, but then changed his mind when he noticed how seriously Karpov devoted himself to chess. At the end of 1966 he was sent abroad for the first time and won a tournament in Třinec . Karpow won the sixth Niemeyer tournament in Groningen in front of competitors such as Jan Timman and András Adorján in 1967/68, which is considered the unofficial predecessor of the European Junior Championship. In 1969 he won the World Youth Championship in Stockholm . Shortly before that, he had started to work with Semjon Furman , who had a strong influence on his chess development. In 1970 Karpov was the youngest player at that time to receive the grandmaster title. He achieved a significant success in 1971 when he shared 1st place with Leonid Stein at the Alekhine Memorial Tournament in Moscow. He played his first Chess Olympiad in Skopje in 1972 , where he achieved an outstanding result with 13 points from 15 games. As a youth world champion, he was pre-qualified for the interzonal tournament in Leningrad in 1973, which he won tied with Viktor Korchnoi .

He then qualified in several competitions as a challenger to world champion Bobby Fischer . After first knocking out Polugajewski (5.5: 2.5) and then Boris Spassky (7: 4), he beat his compatriot Viktor Korchnoi with 12.5: 11.5 in the final of the candidate competitions. When Fischer did not appear to defend his title in 1975 , Karpov was declared world champion on April 3, 1975. In the following years he played a lot of tournaments to underpin his claim to be the best chess player in the world. In 1976 he won the USSR championship for the first time . He successfully defended his world title twice ( 1978 in Baguio and 1981 in Meran ) against Korchnoi. After the second defense, Karpov was awarded the Order of Lenin . These competitions took place in a very tense atmosphere, as Karpov was considered a loyal representative of the Soviet Union , while Korchnoi had emigrated to the West as a dissident .

Kasparov and Karpov at the 1985 World Chess Championship

At the 1985 World Chess Championship , Karpov lost his title to Garry Kasparov and was unable to recapture it in the revenge match in 1986 , 1987 or 1990 . It was only when Kasparov broke with the world chess organization FIDE and was disqualified as the official world champion that Karpow was able to win the now shared world championship again in 1993 with a 12.5: 8.5 against Jan Timman and keep it until 1999. During this period he achieved some great successes, including a convincing win in Linares in 1994. There he scored 11 points from 13 games and won 2.5 points ahead of Kasparov and Shirov - a success that is considered to be one of the most superior tournament victories Chess history counts. At that time it also had its best rating of 2780 (July 1994).

From 1975 to 1984 he was the undisputed number one, and from 1985 to the mid-1990s the undisputed number two in chess. He is considered one of the best positional players of all time. He won the Chess Oscar for the best player of the year a total of nine times. There are also more than 160 tournament victories, that's a world record . In 1978 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for his services .

On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the 1984 World Chess Championship , Karpov played a rapid and blitz chess match against Kasparov in Valencia in September 2009 . In rapid chess Kasparov won 3: 1 (+3 = 0 −1), in blitz chess with 6: 2 (+5 = 2 −1).

Karpow wrote several chess books , which were also translated into German, including My best games and Karpow's chess school . He published an autobiography in English in 1991 under the title Karpov on Karpov .

In the last few years Karpov has founded numerous chess schools, both in the successor states of the Soviet Union and in the USA, South America and Europe. In Germany the Karpow-Schachakademie Rhein-Neckar e. V. his name. Karpow has held the title of FIDE Senior Trainer since 2009 . Since 1994 he has been a member of the 1930 Hockenheim Chess Association . In 2010 he ran for the office of President of FIDE. He was nominated for it by the German Chess Federation . In the election on September 29, 2010, he was defeated by incumbent Kirsan Ilyumschinow with 55 to 95 votes.

Karpov is a member of the United Russia party and was elected to the Russian Duma as representative of Tyumen Oblast in the parliamentary elections in December 2011 . Karpow is the patron of the "International Children's Home" (Interdom) in Ivanovo .

In his free time he is engaged in philately . His valuable collection includes chess motifs and other specialties.

The asteroid (90414) Karpov from the main belt , discovered in December 2003, was named after Karpov . Dmitri Medvedev awarded him with the Presidential Decree N ° 660 on May 22, 2011 the Order of Friendship .

Karpov has two children and has been married twice. From the first marriage with Irina Kuimowa comes a son (* 1979). He has a daughter (* 1999) with his second wife, Natalia Bulanova.

Elo development

This graph shows Karpov's Elo development:

Elo development

National team

1980 Chess Olympiad in Malta, USSR-USA: Anatoli Karpow, Michail Tal and Yasser Seirawan

Karpov took part with the Soviet national team in six Chess Olympiads ( 1972 as the first reserve player, 1974 , 1980 and 1982 on the top board, 1986 and 1988 on the second board) and won them all. In 1972, 1974 and 1988 he also won the individual classification on his board. He also won the team world championships in 1985 and 1989 (each on the top board of the Soviet Union) and the European team championships in 1973 (on the fourth board), 1977, 1980 and 1983 (each on the top board), where he also won an individual gold medal in 1973 and 1977. Karpov was appointed to the top board of the Soviet team in 1984 for the match between the USSR and the rest of the world and achieved one win and three draws against Ulf Andersson .

societies

Anatoli Karpov and Viktor Laznicka (right) at the 2017 Bundesliga finals in Berlin

During the existence of the Soviet Union, Karpov played for CSKA Moscow , with whom he won the European Club Cup in 1986 . In the Russian team championship he took part in 2006 to 2008 with Southern Urals Chelyabinsk . In the German federal chess league he had four appearances for SC Stadthagen in the 1993/94 season , and since the 2011/12 season he has occasionally played in the 1st Bundesliga for SV 1930 Hockenheim . The Austrian State League A Karpow won in 1993 with SC Margareten , in which he was registered until the 1997/98 season , but had no further missions. In the Spanish team championship , Karpow played for CA La Caja de Canarias in 1995 and 1996 , and for CA Valencia in 2001 and 2003 .

Game example

Karpov hoard
  a b c d e f G H  
8th Chess rdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess kdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 8th
7th Chess --t45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 7th
6th Chess pdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 6th
5 Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess bdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess qlt45.svg Chess plt45.svg 5
4th Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 4th
3 Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess rlt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 3
2 Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess klt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess blt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 2
1 Chess qdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 1
  a b c d e f G H  
End position after 33rd Qg5

Template: checkerboard-small / maintenance / new

In the following game Karpov defeated the Czechoslovak grandmaster Vlastimil Hort with the white pieces in the Moscow tournament in 1971 .

Karpov Hort 1-0
Moscow, December 8, 1971
Sicilian Defense (Keres Attack), B81
1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. g4 Nc6 7. g5 Nd7 8. f4 a6 9. Be3 Be7 10. Rg1 Nxd4 11. Qxd4 e5 12. Qd2 exf4 13. Bxf4 Ne5 14. Be2 Be6 15. Nd5 Bxd5 16. exd5 Ng6 17. Be3 h6 18. gxh6 Bh4 + 19. Kd1 gxh6 20. Bxh6 Bf6 21. c3 Be5 22. Rg4 Qf6 23. h4 Qf5 24. Rb4 Bf6 25. h5 Ne7 26.Rf4 De5 27.Rf3 Nxd5 28.Rd3 Rxh6 29.Rxd5 De4 30.Rd3 Qh1 + 31. Kc2 Qxa1 32.Qxh6 Be5 33. Qg5 1: 0

Fonts (in German translation)

literature

  • Edmar Mednis : This is how Karpov wins. de Gruyter, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-11-008476-7 .
  • Viktor Baturinski: The chess genius Karpov. Sportverlag, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-328-00427-0 .
  • Tibor Károlyi: Karpov's Strategic Wins. Quality Chess, Glasgow 2011,
    • Volume 1: The Making of a Champion (1961–1985).
    • Volume 2: The Prime Years (1986-2009).

Web links

Commons : Anatoly Karpov  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Dagobert Kohlmeyer : 60 Years of Karpov In: de.chessbase.com. May 23, 2011, accessed October 16, 2019.
  2. a b Board artist Anatoli Karpow turns 65 years of the German Chess Federation: May 23, 2016, accessed on October 19, 2019.
  3. ^ André Schulz : Anatoly Karpov: At the age of 66 ... In: de.chessbase.com. May 23, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2019.
  4. Willy Iclicki: FIDE Golden book 1924-2002 . Euroadria, Slovenia, 2002, p. 75.
  5. ^ Jan C. Roosendaal: Youth tournament in Groningen. Schach-Echo No. 2, January 2, 1968, p. 26.
  6. Jules Welling: Timman missed his opportunities . Die Schachwoche 1993, Issue 38, pp. 3–6 (report, picture and games).
  7. biograph.ru
  8. ^ Dagobert Kohlmeyer: Kasparov with a bite . In: de.chessbase.com. September 23, 2009, accessed July 28, 2019.
  9. Kasparov vs Karpov Match in Valencia 2009 In: The Week in Chess. September 24, 2009. Retrieved July 28, 2019.
  10. Kasparov and Karpov to play 12 games match in Valencia In: chessdom.com. July 8, 2009. Retrieved July 28, 2019.
  11. Kasparov beats Karpov in the anniversary duel In: Spiegel Online. September 25, 2009. Retrieved July 28, 2019.
  12. Results of the rapid chess match at chessgames.com
  13. Results of the blitz chess match at chessgames.com
  14. German Chess Federation nominates Karpov for FIDE election , April 10, 2010.
  15. Ilyumzhinov wins FIDE election by 95 votes to 55 , Chessbase.com, September 29, 2010.
  16. Chess against War & Need? New Germany from September 13, 2012.
  17. ^ "Former world chess champion Anatoly Karpov's writes about his collection" ( Memento from August 20, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  18. entry in the database for small celestial bodies of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory of NASA
  19. Numbers according to FIDE Elo lists. Data sources: fide.com (period since 2001), olimpbase.org (period 1971 to 2001)
  20. Anatoly Karpov's results at the Chess Olympiads on olimpbase.org (English)
  21. Anatoly Karpov's results at the World Team Championships on olimpbase.org (English)
  22. Anatoly Karpov's results at European team championships on olimpbase.org (English)
  23. Anatoli Karpow's results at European Club Cups on olimpbase.org (English)
  24. Anatoly Karpov's results at Russian team championships on olimpbase.org (English)
  25. Anatoly Karpov's results at Spanish team championships on olimpbase.org (English)