Interzonal tournament

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An important qualification stage introduced by FIDE in 1948 in the determination of the challenger to the world chess champion was called the interzonal tournament . FIDE has changed the mode of the event several times since 1997. The last interzonal tournament took place in Biel in 1993 . A victory in these always very strong interzonal tournaments was considered a great success in the palmarès of a chess player regardless of the later course of the qualification .

The winners from the zone tournaments as well as pre-qualified players from the previous cycle qualified for the interzonal tournament . A predetermined number of high-ranking players in the interzonal tournament (s) qualified for the candidates tournament . The winner of the candidates tournament or later the candidate duels became the so-called challenger and then fought for the title in a match against the reigning chess world champion, who was not involved in this qualification marathon. Such a cycle (including World Cup competition) lasted three years.

From 1948 to 1970 there was an interzonal tournament with 20-24 participants. From 1973 to 1979 there were two interzonal tournaments per cycle with 18 to 20 participants. From 1982 to 1987 there were three interzonal tournaments per cycle with up to 18 participants each. You always played everyone against everyone .

In 1990 and 1993 there were the last two interzonal tournaments, both were (open) tournaments played in the Swiss system with 64 and 73 participants respectively. The original plan was to hold an interzonal tournament in Yerevan in 1996 , but this was canceled in 1996 in favor of the knockout World Cup tournaments .

At times there was a kind of country contingent, i. H. a restriction such that a maximum of three players from the same country could qualify for the next stage of the (mostly best eight) candidates in an interzonal tournament. Leonid Stein was fatally fatal twice.

List of interzonal tournaments

World Cup cycle Interzonal tournament winner other qualified players
World Cup 1951 Saltsjöbaden 1948 David Bronstein László Szabó , Isaak Boleslawski , Alexander Kotow , Andor Lilienthal , Salo Flohr , Miguel Najdorf , Gideon Ståhlberg
World Cup 1954 Saltsjöbaden 1952 Alexander Kotow Tigran Petrosjan , Mark Taimanow , Efim Geller , Juri Awerbach , Gideon Ståhlberg , László Szabó , Svetozar Gligorić
World Cup 1957 Gothenburg 1955 David Bronstein Paul Keres , Óscar Panno , Tigran Petrosjan , Efim Geller , László Szabó , Miroslav Filip , Herman Pilnik , Boris Spasski
World Cup 1960 Portorož 1958 Mikhail Tal Svetozar Gligorić , Tigran Petrosjan , Pál Benkö , Bobby Fischer , Friðrik Ólafsson
World Cup 1963 Stockholm 1962 Bobby Fischer Efim Geller , Tigran Petrosjan , Miroslav Filip , Viktor Kortschnoi , Pál Benkö
World Cup 1966 Amsterdam 1964 Wassili Smyslow , Bent Larsen , Michail Tal , Boris Spasski Borislav Ivkov , Lajos Portisch
World Cup 1969 Sousse 1967 Bent Larsen Efim Geller , Viktor Kortschnoi , Svetozar Gligorić , Lajos Portisch , Samuel Reshevsky
World Cup 1972 Palma de Mallorca 1970 Bobby Fischer Bent Larsen , Efim Geller , Robert Huebner , Mark Taimanow , Wolfgang Uhlmann
World Cup 1975 Petrópolis 1973 Henrique da Costa Mecking Efim Geller , Lev Polugajewski , Lajos Portisch
Leningrad 1973 Anatoly Karpov , Viktor Korchnoi Robert Byrne
World Cup 1978 Manila 1976 Henrique da Costa Mecking Vlastimil Hort , Lev Polugayevsky
Biel 1976 Bent Larsen Tigran Petrosjan , Lajos Portisch
World Cup 1981 Rio de Janeiro 1979 Tigran Petrosjan , Lajos Portisch , Robert Huebner
Riga 1979 Mikhail Tal Lev Polugajewski , András Adorján
1985 World Cup Las Palmas 1982 Zoltan Ribli Vasily Smyslow
Toluca 1982 Lajos Portisch , Eugenio Torre
Moscow 1982 Garry Kasparov Alexander Beliavsky
World Cup 1987 Tunis 1985 Artur Yusupov Alexander Beliavsky , Lajos Portisch , Alexander Csernyin
Taxco 1985 Jan Timman Jesús Nogueiras , Michail Tal , Kevin Spraggett
Biel 1985 Rafael Vaganian Yasser Seirawan , Andreï Sokolov , Nigel Short
World Cup 1990 Subotica 1987 Gyula Sax , Nigel Short , Jonathan Speelman
Szirák 1987 Valery Salow , Jóhann Hjartarson Lajos Portisch
Zagreb 1987 Viktor Korchnoi Jaan Ehlvest , Yasser Seirawan
World Cup 1993 Manila 1990 Boris Gelfand , Wassyl Ivanchuk Viswanathan Anand , Nigel Short , Gyula Sax , Viktor Kortschnoi , Robert Hübner , Predrag Nikolić , Leonid Judassin , Sergei Dolmatow , Alexei Drejew
FIDE World Cup 1996 Biel 1993 Boris Gelfand Paul van der Sterren , Gata Kamsky , Alexander Chalifman , Michael Adams , Leonid Judassin , Valeri Salow , Joël Lautier , Wladimir Kramnik , Viswanathan Anand

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Mark Weeks: The Last, Lost Interzonal February 8, 2012.