Parliamentary election in Russia 2011
The 2011 parliamentary elections in Russia took place on December 4th .
It was the first election in which the new distribution of seats in the Russian State Duma was determined for a legislative period of five instead of the previous four years. The basis for this was the law that came into force on December 30, 2008, which also extends the term of office of the Russian President from four to six years. The first elections to elect the president for a six-year term took place on March 4, 2012 .
The Central Electoral Commission of Russia announced the start of preparations for the 2011 parliamentary elections in May 2009.
Participating parties
The four parties represented in the State Duma from 2007 to 2011:
- United Russia - top candidate: Dmitry Medvedev
- Communist Party of the Russian Federation - Lead candidate: Gennady Zyuganov
- Liberal Democratic Party of Russia - top candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky
- Fair Russia - top candidate: Sergei Mironov
In addition to the four parties previously represented in the State Duma, three other parties have entered the parliamentary elections:
- Right-wing cause - top candidate: Andrei Dunayev
- Jabloko - top candidate: Grigori Jawlinski
- Patriots of Russia - top candidate: Gennady Semigin
Parties not allowed to vote
Numerous parties were not allowed to vote. Russia has one of the most restrictive political party laws in Europe, and numerous parties have been denied re-registration or re-registration since 2007. Thus, among others, the following parties could not participate:
- People's Freedom Party "For a Russia without arbitrariness and corruption"
- Other Russia
- Russian United Workers Front
- National Bolshevik Party of Russia
- Libertarian Party of Russia
- Pirate Party of Russia
- Homeland - common sense
- Party indeed
- Agrarian Party
Predictions before the election
| Institute | date | HE | KPRF | LDPR | SR | Yabloko | Right thing | Patriots of Russia |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preliminary final result | December 04, 2011 | 49.3% | 19.2% | 11.7% | 13.2% | 3.4% | 0.6% | 1.0% |
| Lewada center | 11/08/2011 | 51% | 20% | 14% | 7% | 4% | 1 % | <1% |
| Lewada center | October 27, 2011 | 60% | 17% | 11% | 5% | 2% | 1 % | <1% |
| WZIOM | October 19, 2011 | 53.8% | 17.1% | 11.3% | 7.9% | 3.3% | 2.1% | 2.0% |
| Lewada center | 09/30/2011 | 57% | 16% | 12% | 6% | 3% | 2% | 1 % |
| WZIOM | 04.09.2011 | 55% | 16.4% | 10.8% | 7.1% | 2.5% | 4.9% | 2.1% |
| Lewada center | 08/25/2011 | 54% | 18% | 13% | 6% | 1 % | 3% | 1 % |
| Lewada center | July 25, 2011 | 54% | 18% | 12% | 7% | 2% | 2% | <1% |
| WZIOM | 07/20/2011 | 58.3% | 14.7% | 9.8% | 7.3% | 2.8% | 4.1% | 1.9% |
| Lewada center | 06/29/2011 | 53% | 17% | 13% | 5% | 2% | 1 % | 1 % |
| WZIOM | 04/07/2011 | 58.7% | 13.6% | 9.1% | 9.8% | 2.7% | 2.9% | 1.8% |
Election result
Nationwide result
The Central Election Commission officially declared the United Russia party the election winner on December 5, 2011 . According to the commission, she received 49.5 percent of the vote and thus 238 of 450 seats in parliament. The Communists got 19.15 percent of the vote, Just Russia 13.17 percent and the Liberal Democratic Party of Vladimir Zhirinovsky 11.66 percent. The turnout was then at 60.21 percent.
The following are represented in the Duma:
| space | Party / block (блок) | be right | Sit Duma | Share of votes in 2007 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| proportion of | Absolutely | Absolutely | proportion of | |||
1 
|
United Russia Единая Россия |
49.3% | 32.4 million | 238 | 52.9% | 64.3% |
2 
|
Communist Party of the Russian Federation Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации |
19.2% | 12.6 million | 92 | 20.4% | 11.6% |
3 
|
Fair Russia Справедливая Россия |
13.2% | 8.7 million | 64 | 14.2% | 7.8% |
| 4th |
Liberal Democratic Party of Russia Либерально-Демократическая Партия России |
11.7% | 7.7 million | 56 | 12.4% | 8.1% |
Results by region
The United Russia party achieved relative or absolute majority in all regions.
| region | Participation |
United Russia |
KPRF |
Just Russia |
LDPR | Yabloko | Patriots |
Right thing |
Invalid |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primorye region | 48.8% | 33.3% | 23.2% | 18.1% | 18.7% | 3.0% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 2.4% |
| Khabarovsk region | 53.0% | 38.1% | 20.5% | 14.1% | 19.8% | 3.7% | 1.4% | 0.7% | 1.7% |
| Amur Oblast | 53.7% | 43.5% | 19.2% | 10.3% | 21.0% | 1.9% | 1.7% | 0.7% | 1.7% |
| Sakha (Yakutia) | 59.3% | 49.2% | 16.4% | 21.8% | 8.5% | 1.7% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 1.2% |
| Sakhalin Oblast | 48.7% | 41.9% | 23.4% | 11.8% | 16.0% | 3.4% | 1.2% | 0.7% | 1.6% |
| Kamchatka Region | 53.1% | 45.3% | 17.1% | 10.1% | 18.6% | 4.1% | 2.2% | 0.6% | 2.1% |
| Magadan Oblast | 50.6% | 41.0% | 22.8% | 11.6% | 17.4% | 3.5% | 1.9% | 0.8% | 1.3% |
| Jewish Autonomous Oblast | 52.0% | 48.1% | 19.8% | 10.5% | 15.7% | 1.9% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 2.5% |
| Chukchi circle | 74.2% | 70.3% | 6.7% | 5.4% | 11.2% | 1.7% | 0.9% | 0.7% | 3.1% |
| Krasnoyarsk Territory | 49.4% | 36.7% | 23.6% | 15.9% | 17.0% | 3.2% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 1.8% |
| Irkutsk Oblast | 47.2% | 34.9% | 27.8% | 13.4% | 17.3% | 3.4% | 1.2% | 0.6% | 1.4% |
| Transbaikalia region | 53.6% | 43.3% | 18.6% | 14.1% | 19.2% | 1.7% | 1.1% | 0.5% | 1.5% |
| Buryatia | 56.7% | 49.0% | 24.3% | 12.6% | 9.5% | 1.9% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 1.5% |
| Khakassia | 56.2% | 40.1% | 23.6% | 13.7% | 16.0% | 2.7% | 1.6% | 0.6% | 1.6% |
| Tuva | 83.7% | 85.3% | 3.9% | 6.7% | 2.1% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.2% | 1.0% |
| Novosibirsk Oblast | 56.8% | 33.8% | 30.3% | 12.7% | 15.7% | 4.3% | 1.1% | 0.7% | 1.4% |
| Kemerovo Oblast | 69.7% | 64.6% | 10.5% | 7.9% | 12.1% | 2.2% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 1.5% |
| Altai region | 51.4% | 37.2% | 24.7% | 16.1% | 16.6% | 2.4% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 1.9% |
| Omsk Oblast | 55.7% | 39.6% | 25.6% | 13.4% | 14.2% | 3.5% | 1.0% | 0.7% | 1.9% |
| Circle d. Khanty Mansi / Ugra | 53.1% | 41.0% | 16.1% | 13.8% | 22.5% | 2.8% | 1.3% | 0.6% | 1.8% |
| Tyumen Oblast | 53.1% | 65.1% | 11.2% | 6.8% | 12.9% | 1.7% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 1.0% |
| Tomsk Oblast | 50.5% | 37.5% | 22.4% | 13.4% | 17.8% | 4.7% | 1.3% | 1.0% | 1.9% |
| Yamal-Nenets district | 75.6% | 71.7% | 6.6% | 4.7% | 13.6% | 1.2% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 1.1% |
| Altai Republic | 62.8% | 53.3% | 21.5% | 10.3% | 10.6% | 1.5% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 1.3% |
| Sverdlovsk Oblast | 51.0% | 32.7% | 16.8% | 24.7% | 16.0% | 4.3% | 0.9% | 2.1% | 2.5% |
| Bashkortostan | 79.3% | 70.5% | 15.6% | 5.5% | 5.2% | 1.2% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 1.0% |
| Chelyabinsk Oblast | 59.5% | 49.4% | 14.9% | 16.9% | 12.1% | 3.5% | 1.0% | 0.6% | 1.7% |
| Perm region | 48.0% | 36.3% | 21.0% | 16.4% | 17.9% | 4.3% | 1.1% | 0.8% | 2.2% |
| Orenburg Oblast | 51.2% | 34.9% | 26.2% | 16.8% | 16.9% | 2.4% | 1.0% | 0.4% | 1.4% |
| Udmurtia | 56.6% | 45.1% | 19.5% | 11.2% | 16.6% | 2.8% | 2.5% | 0.7% | 1.5% |
| Kurgan Oblast | 56.5% | 44.4% | 19.6% | 14.5% | 16.9% | 2.0% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 1.3% |
| Tatarstan | 79.5% | 77.8% | 10.6% | 5.3% | 3.5% | 1.1% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.9% |
| Samara Oblast | 52.9% | 39.1% | 23.3% | 14.5% | 15.8% | 3.8% | 1.2% | 0.5% | 2.0% |
| Saratov Oblast | 67.2% | 64.9% | 13.8% | 10.1% | 7.2% | 1.7% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 1.4% |
| Volgograd Oblast | 51.8% | 36.2% | 22.9% | 21.3% | 13.3% | 3.3% | 1.1% | 0.6% | 1.4% |
| Penza Oblast | 64.9% | 56.3% | 19.8% | 8.7% | 10.1% | 2.1% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 1.9% |
| Ulyanovsk Oblast | 60.4% | 43.6% | 23.1% | 15.6% | 12.6% | 2.3% | 1.0% | 0.5% | 1.4% |
| Astrakhan Oblast | 55.6% | 58.1% | 14.3% | 15.2% | 8.5% | 1.0% | 0.7% | 0.3% | 1.7% |
| Kalmykia | 63.2% | 66.1% | 18.4% | 7.2% | 4.0% | 1.4% | 0.6% | 0.7% | 1.6% |
| Nizhny Novgorod Oblast | 59.2% | 45.0% | 28.5% | 10.5% | 10.6% | 2.8% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 1.3% |
| Kirov Oblast | 54.1% | 34.9% | 22.7% | 19.8% | 16.7% | 2.7% | 1.2% | 0.6% | 1.5% |
| Chuvashia | 61.6% | 43.4% | 20.9% | 18.8% | 10.7% | 1.6% | 1.3% | 0.4% | 2.9% |
| Mordovia | 94.2% | 91.6% | 4.5% | 1.3% | 1.5% | 0.3% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.5% |
| Mari El | 71.3% | 52.2% | 20.7% | 10.6% | 11.7% | 2.0% | 0.9% | 0.6% | 1.3% |
| Krasnodar Territory | 72.8% | 56.3% | 17.5% | 10.8% | 10.4% | 2.0% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 1.6% |
| Rostov Oblast | 59.4% | 50.2% | 20.8% | 13.3% | 10.2% | 2.9% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 1.3% |
| Dagestan | 81.1% | 82.8% | 11.3% | 2.7% | 1.9% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.1% | 0.4% |
| Stavropol region | 50.8% | 49.2% | 18.4% | 11.8% | 15.3% | 2.1% | 0.9% | 0.4% | 1.9% |
| Chechnya | 98.6% | 99.48% | 0.09% | 0.18% | 0.02% | 0.05% | 0.07% | 0.04% | 0.07% |
| North Ossetia-Alania | 85.6% | 67.9% | 21.7% | 6.0% | 2.2% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 1.2% |
| Kabardino-Balkaria | 98.2% | 81.3% | 18.2% | 0.2% | 0.08% | 0.07% | 0.03% | 0.04% | 0.04% |
| Adygea | 65.9% | 61.0% | 18.2% | 8.5% | 7.8% | 1.8% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 1.4% |
| Karachay Cherkessia | 93.2% | 89.8% | 8.8% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.2% |
| Ingushetia | 86.2% | 91.0% | 2.9% | 2.3% | 0.4% | 0.8% | 0.3% | 1.5% | 0.8% |
| Moscow | 61.7% | 46.6% | 19.3% | 12.1% | 9.4% | 8.5% | 1.3% | 0.8% | 1.7% |
| Moscow Oblast | 50.7% | 32.5% | 25.9% | 16.0% | 14.4% | 6.1% | 1.3% | 1.0% | 2.8% |
| Vladimir Oblast | 48.9% | 38.3% | 20.5% | 21.5% | 12.9% | 3.5% | 1.1% | 0.6% | 1.5% |
| Tula Oblast | 72.8% | 61.3% | 15.1% | 8.5% | 9.2% | 3.5% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 1.2% |
| Tver Oblast | 53.4% | 38.4% | 23.2% | 19.8% | 11.7% | 3.8% | 1.2% | 0.5% | 1.3% |
| Yaroslavl Oblast | 55.9% | 29.0% | 24.0% | 22.6% | 15.5% | 4.8% | 1.8% | 0.7% | 1.6% |
| Bryansk Oblast | 59.9% | 50.1% | 23.3% | 11.2% | 10.6% | 2.0% | 0.9% | 0.4% | 1.4% |
| Ryazan Oblast | 52.7% | 39.8% | 23.6% | 15.1% | 15.1% | 3.1% | 1.2% | 0.7% | 1.6% |
| Ivanovo Oblast | 52.9% | 40.1% | 22.5% | 15.6% | 14.8% | 3.5% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 1.5% |
| Smolensk Oblast | 49.6% | 36.2% | 24.2% | 18.6% | 14.8% | 2.9% | 1.1% | 0.5% | 1.6% |
| Kaluga Oblast | 57.5% | 40.5% | 21.9% | 15.6% | 14.4% | 4.1% | 1.4% | 0.6% | 1.6% |
| Oryol Oblast | 64.7% | 38.9% | 32.0% | 11.2% | 12.2% | 2.1% | 0.9% | 0.8% | 1.8% |
| Kostroma Oblast | 58.6% | 34.2% | 28.0% | 18.0% | 15.4% | 1.8% | 0.9% | 0.4% | 1.3% |
| Voronezh Oblast | 64.3% | 49.5% | 21.8% | 14.4% | 8.8% | 2.2% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 1.9% |
| Belgorod Oblast | 75.5% | 51.2% | 22.4% | 11.6% | 9.6% | 2.1% | 1.0% | 0.4% | 1.6% |
| Kursk Oblast | 54.7% | 45.7% | 20.7% | 14.4% | 13.5% | 2.3% | 1.4% | 0.5% | 1.5% |
| Lipetsk Oblast | 57.1% | 40.3% | 22.8% | 16.6% | 14.3% | 2.5% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 1.9% |
| Tambov Oblast | 68.3% | 66.7% | 16.5% | 6.0% | 7.1% | 1.4% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 1.5% |
| Arkhangelsk Oblast | 49.8% | 31.9% | 20.2% | 22.1% | 18.2% | 4.5% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 1.2% |
| Vologda Oblast | 56.3% | 33.4% | 16.8% | 27.1% | 15.4% | 3.5% | 1.3% | 0.7% | 1.8% |
| Republic of Komi | 70.5% | 58.8% | 13.5% | 11.5% | 11.9% | 1.5% | 0.9% | 0.6% | 1.3% |
| Murmansk Oblast | 51.8% | 32.0% | 21.8% | 19.7% | 18.1% | 4.7% | 1.2% | 0.6% | 1.9% |
| Karelia | 50.2% | 32.3% | 19.3% | 20.6% | 17.9% | 6.2% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 1.9% |
| Circle of the Nenets | 48.0% | 36.0% | 24.8% | 15.0% | 17.5% | 2.8% | 1.3% | 1.1% | 1.5% |
| St. Petersburg | 54.5% | 35.4% | 15.3% | 23.7% | 10.3% | 11.6% | 1.2% | 0.9% | 1.6% |
| Leningrad Oblast | 51.8% | 33.7% | 17.3% | 25.1% | 14.7% | 4.9% | 1.2% | 0.6% | 2.5% |
| Kaliningrad Oblast | 54.6% | 37.1% | 25.5% | 13.3% | 14.1% | 5.5% | 2.2% | 0.7% | 1.6% |
| Pskov Oblast | 52.9% | 36.7% | 25.1% | 16.4% | 13.9% | 5.1% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 1.4% |
| Novgorod Oblast | 56.7% | 35.3% | 19.0% | 28.2% | 11.6% | 2.7% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 1.8% |
| Baikonur | 45.9% | 48.4% | 16.3% | 11.9% | 15.6% | 2.9% | 1.3% | 0.6% | 2.8% |
| total | 60.1% | 49.3% | 19.2% | 13.2% | 11.7% | 3.4% | 1.0% | 0.6% | 1.6% |
Reactions
International election observers came to the conclusion that basic democratic rules were seriously violated in the election. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) noted "frequent" manipulations and procedural violations. The elections did not meet international standards, says the head of the OSCE observer in Russia, the Swiss diplomat Heidi Tagliavini : “Our main concern is the lack of separation between the ruling party and the state. The result was very limited political competition in which even some parties were excluded from the elections. And it led to a political climate with too little fairness and a clear advantage for the ruling party. ”President and top candidate Medvedev rejected the criticism as unfounded and unproven.
On the evening of December 5, 2011, thousands of people protested in Moscow and Saint Petersburg against the election result and the United Russia party. It was the largest opposition demonstration in years. Protesters shouted "Russia without Putin" and held up signs reading: "Give back their vote to the people!" Amid the ongoing protests, ex-Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev called on the government on December 7, 2011 to cancel the elections and Announce new elections. The Yabloko party's top candidate, Grigori Jawlinski , recommended that the elected MPs resign.
Viennese statisticians calculated that United Russia would normally only get a third of the votes and that the absolute majority is completely out of reach. They also developed a method to detect a specific method of electoral fraud: ballot stuffing . In reality, voting slips are thrown in before the start of the election or people are paid to throw in many voting slips at once. Operated systematically, these electoral districts stand out in the statistics due to their high voter turnout with a high proportion of votes for one party and graphically stand out from the diffuse cloud of the remaining electoral districts. 60% of the 60,000 electoral districts were irregular. United Russia voted 100% in 3,000 constituencies with a 100% turnout. These districts are mainly in Dagestan and Ossetia in the Caucasus, but were sufficient for the nationwide absolute majority.
In May 2017, the European Court of Human Rights convicted Russia of violating the right to free elections. The recount of the parliamentary elections in December 2011 was unfair. Russia did not seriously investigate evidence of manipulation and ignored evidence of procedural violations.
See also
Web links
- Andrei Stenin: "Observers evaluate the election in Russia - citizens protest against election results". Summary. In: RIA Novosti. December 5, 2011, accessed December 5, 2011 (2011 Russian State Duma elections - summary).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Legal text (Russian)
- ↑ Vesti.ru, May 21, 2009
- ^ [1] Publication of the Central Election Commission
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of December 10, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of December 3, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ WZIOM press release No. 1866 ( Memento of December 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ vibori.info ( Memento from July 17, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ http://www.interfax.ru/politics/news.asp?id=206364&sw=%C2%D6%C8%CE%CC&bd=4&bm=8&by=2011&ed=4&em=9&ey=2011&secid=0&mp=1&p=1
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from April 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of November 10, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ http://wciom.ru/index.php?id=459&uid=111783
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from April 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ http://wciom.ru/index.php?id=268&uid=111504
- ↑ Information on www.swissinfo.ch
- ↑ a b избирательной комиссии. Retrieved September 11, 2016 (Russian).
- ^ Election fraud in Russia ORF, December 5, 2011
- ↑ Thousands protest in Russia against Putin NZZ Online. December 6, 2011
- ↑ Print of the road does not allow according to taz.de , December 7, 2011
- ↑ Lukas Wieselberg: Dumawahlen 2011. Viennese statisticians expose electoral fraud , science.orf.at, January 26, 2012
- ^ Court of Justice: Russia rigged election . In: n-tv , May 30, 2017.
