Brissago TI

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
TI is the abbreviation for the canton of Ticino in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries of the name Brissagof .
Brissago
Brissago coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of TicinoCanton of Ticino Ticino (TI)
District : Locarno districtw
Circle : Circle Isole
BFS no. : 5097i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 6614
Coordinates : 698 277  /  108407 coordinates: 46 ° 7 '12 "  N , 8 ° 42' 36"  O ; CH1903:  698,277  /  108407
Height : 197  m above sea level M.
Height range : 193-2185 m above sea level M.
Area : 17.89  km²
Residents: 1737 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 97 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.brissago.ch
Location of the municipality
Lago di Mognólia Lago di Tomè Lago Barone Lago Laghetto Bagina di Val Malvaglia Lago di Vogorno Lago Delio Lago d'Orglio Lago Maggiore Italien Italien Kanton Graubünden Bezirk Bellinzona Bezirk Blenio Bezirk Leventina Bezirk Lugano Bezirk Riviera Bezirk Vallemaggia Gambarogno TI Ascona Brissago TI Losone Ronco sopra Ascona Locarno Locarno Muralto Orselina Centovalli TI Terre di Pedemonte Brione sopra Minusio Cugnasco-Gerra Cugnasco-Gerra Gordola Mergoscia Minusio Tenero-Contra Gresso Onsernone Brione (Verzasca) Corippo Frasco Lavertezzo Lavertezzo Sonogno VogornoMap of Brissago
About this picture
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Brissago (in the Alpine Lombard local dialect Brissagh [briˈsak] , German obsolete Brisa ) is a political municipality in the Swiss canton of Ticino ( district Locarno , district Isole ).

geography

The municipality is located on the northwestern bank of the Langensee , southwest of Ronco and Ascona on the border with Italy . It consists of the hamlets of Bassuno, Caccio, Cadogno, Cartogna, Corte, Gadero, Incella, Madonna di Ponte, Nevedone, Noveledo, Piazza, Piodina, Porta, Rossorino, Mergugno and Tecetto as well as the Brissago Islands . The town hall in the center of the village is 197 m above sea level. M., the highest hamlet, Mergugno, is 1037 m above sea level. M. and the highest point is the mountaintop of the Gridone (2188 m above sea level), which lies on the border with Italy.

Brissago is known not least thanks to the Brissago Islands, on which there is a botanical garden . Due to the mild climate, around 1500 different plant species thrive. These include palm trees , bamboo and eucalyptus . The garden was laid out by Baroness Antoinette de Saint Léger from 1885 and expanded by the subsequent owner of the islands, the German department store millionaire Max Emden , from 1927.

history

The village was first mentioned as Brixago in 1289 . The place name is probably derived from the Latin personal name Briccius .

In the 13th century Brissago became an imperial community with its own village law, its own community leaders (consoli), its own administration and its own jurisdiction. The Podestà was initially appointed by the Milanese Visconti and from 1342 to 1798 by the Locarno aristocratic family Orelli . In 1520 Brissago declared itself an independent republic, but in the following year it submitted to the rule of the twelve federal towns , whereby it was able to maintain a large degree of autonomy.

Towards the end of the 16th century, the Brissager family of Baciocchi formed a counterpart to the Rainaldi (Rinaldi) in Milan and Brissago. Numerous Milanese bandits were in the service of both families, and they even made shipping on the Langensee unsafe. There was long and bloody fighting, which led to an intervention by the Spanish ambassador on the Diet of Baden in November 1597.

In the Helvetic Republic , Brissago came to the newly created canton of Lugano , which was opened up in 1803 in what is now the canton of Ticino .

A cigar factory has been in Brissago since 1856 (new building in 1888).

The Grand-Hôtel Brissago was built in 1907, closed again in 1971 and then fell into disrepair. In 1983 the roof structure burned down due to arson . The ruin was demolished in 1993. In 2003 the new apartment block "Villa Bianca" was built at this point.

After the establishment of the Fascist Italian Social Republic (Repubblica Sociale Italiana) in September 1943, many refugees came to Switzerland through the Piaggio-Valmara border crossing south of Brissago.

Aerial photo (1946)

population

Population development
year 1675 1330 1850 1900 1950 1970 2000 2010 2018
Residents 323 990 1266 1639 1931 2120 1833 1852 1737

traffic

Brissago is accessible to the public with a bus line operated by Ferrovie autolinee regionali ticinesi (FART) . Bus number 316 goes from Locarno train station , which is in Muralto , to Ascona, then through the Ascona tunnel along Lake Maggiore to Porto Ronco and Brissago and back. Up until a few years ago this bus went to the Brenscino district above Brissago, today there is a local bus called Collina di Brissago (German: Hill of Brissago), which serves the three fractions above Brissago.

There is also a cross-border Italian bus to Cannobio , Cannero Riviera and Verbania , which runs along the Verbano, as Lake Maggiore is called in Italy.

The Brissago landing stage is approached and served by Navigazione Laghi (shipping on the entire Langensee, Italian company) and, since 2019, also by Società Navigazione del Lago di Lugano (local shipping on the Swiss part of the lake, Swiss company) from April to around mid-October . The ships go northeast towards Locarno or south towards Cannobio, Maccagno and Verbania.

Economy and social institutions

Brissago's economic basis today is tourism . The riverside and hill zones of the community have been built over with second homes since the 1960s and 1970s. The share of second homes was 69.4% in 2014, so the construction of further second homes is no longer permitted under Swiss law.

The cigar factory where among other things the original Brissago mentioned Virginiazigarren be made, had reached its peak in the early decades of the 20th century, were employed as more than 600 people, mostly women in the tobacco processing. It has been part of the Swiss tobacco company Burger Söhne since 1999 . The Centro Dannemann, which belongs to the cigar factory, offers rooms for private and public events.

The Brissago originale is literarily immortalized in the figure of the sergeant Studer by Friedrich Glauser , who describes the lighting ceremony in detail.

The Istituto Socioterapeutico La Motta, a social therapeutic facility, is located in Brissago .

climate

MeteoSwiss has a precipitation measuring station in Brissago, it is 280 m above sea level. M. on the slopes of the municipality of Brissago, in the upper districts. It was built in 1887 and has had two missing months in the measurement series since then. It is a daily collector, which means that the data is available at daily intervals.

Attractions

The parish church of Santi Pietro e Paolo, which stands in the center of the village above the harbor, and the church of Madonna di Ponte , located a little further away, directly on the lake, form two of the most important Lombard-Tuscan Renaissance buildings in Ticino.

  • SS. Pietro e Paolo is a single-nave building with a polygonal choir, which is elevated by an octagonal drum dome . The church was rebuilt in the early 1530s; the main facade with vestibule and overhanging Palladio window dates from 1665. On the occasion of the purist renovation in 1969, all of the subsequently built-in Baroque interior was removed. Centuries-old cypress trees grow on the picturesque forecourt.
  • Madonna di Ponte is also a single-nave building with an octagonal drum dome (stylistically based on Giovanni Antonio Amadeo's dome of the Milanese church Santa Maria delle Grazie ) above the polygonal choir. The church was built between 1526 and 1594. Almost all baroque interventions and the entire rococo furnishings from 1773 fell victim to the purist renovation from 1950–1957, and the baroque altar was moved to a side chapel in 1961, so that the church looks very sober inside today.

The only medieval facade of Brissago, the so-called Castello, has been preserved in Piazza Municipio. One of the most elaborate stately Baroque buildings in the Sopraceneri, the Palazzo Branca-Baccalà, was built around 1700 on Via Pioda. The house now houses a museum dedicated to the composer Ruggero Leoncavallo . Villa Gina or Casa del Matti and Casa Branca, both from the 18th century, with façades facing the lake and loggias on the top floor are located on the shore .

Unlike the center of Brissago, the townscape of which suffered greatly from the widening and lowering of the cantonal road in the 20th century, the elevated late medieval village centers of the hamlets of Piodina, Incella and Porbetto have been well preserved.

On the little road from Incella to Porta lies the Sacro Monte di Brissago , a stage-like baroque complex inserted into the valley. Their origins go back to the early 18th century. Today's church of Santa Maria Addolorata in a prominent location on a rock head was built in 1767–1773, the Calvary Chapel with three monumental crucifixes also in 1767.

For the Brissago Islands , which are classified in the inventory of Swiss sites worthy of protection (ISOS) as Swiss sites worthy of protection of national importance, see the article there.

Culture

Sports

  • Associazione Calcio Brissago
  • Società Ginnastica Brissaghese
  • Velo Club Brissago
  • World Chess Championship (2004: Brissago)
  • Centro Dannemann (Brissago). The 2004 World Chess Championship between Wladimir Kramnik and Péter Lékó took place in the Centro Dannemann, established there in 2002 .
  • Yacht sport resort. Marina and sailing base with a certified sailing school; since 2017 part of the National Sailing Center of Switzerland.

Personalities

photos

  • Brissago at the foot of the Ghiridone mountain, from the east

  • Brissago

  • Baccalà house

  • Chapel in the Porta district, built in 1996 by the architect Raffaele Cavadini

  • View from the Porta district of Lake Maggiore

  • Casa Thür, built in 2003 by architect Michele Arnaboldi

  • Sacro Monte

  • Madonna di Ponte church with a view of Lake Maggiore

literature

  • Virgilio Gilardoni : I monumenti d'arte e di storia del Canton Ticino, volume II: L'alto Verbano I. Il circolo delle Isole (Ascona, Ronco, Losone e Brissago) (=  The art monuments of Switzerland. Volume 68). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History SKG. Bern 1979, ISBN 3-7643-1117-7 , pp. 3, 7, 8, 11-13, 16, 22, 30, 40, 53, 82, 88, 97, 112, 186, 187, 189, 191, 245, 269, 278-424.
  • Doris Hasenfratz: The fate of the Brissago Islands: from the temple of Venus to the eucalyptus tree. Ed. Ferien-Journal, Ascona 1997.
  • Rodolfo Huber: Brissago. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . November 5, 2004 , accessed December 30, 2019 .
  • Art guide through Switzerland. Completely re-edit Output. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History. Volume 2. GSK, Bern 2005, ISBN 3-906131-96-3 , pp. 622-627.
  • Giuseppe Mondada: The Brissago Islands. Armando Dadò Editore, Locarno 1981.
  • Monica Nestler, Michelangelo Pedrazzini: Grand Hotel Brissago: 1906–1989. Edizioni Scala, Brissago 1989.
  • Elfi Rüsch, Annegret Diethelm: Brissago (=  Swiss Art Guide. Volume 662). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1999, ISBN 3-85782-662-2
  • Celestino Trezzini : Brissago. In: Historisch-Biographisches Lexikon der Schweiz , Volume 2: Biondetti - Brupbacher. Attinger, Neuchâtel 1924, pp. 358-359 ( digitized version ).
  • Willy Zeller: The Brissago Islands. Haupt, Bern 1960.

Web links

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b Lexicon of Swiss municipality names . Edited by the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol. Frauenfeld / Lausanne 2005, p. 189.
  3. ↑ Mergugno on portal.dnb.de (accessed on March 15, 2017).
  4. ^ Simona Martinoli et al. a .: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana. Ed. Gesellschaft für Schweizerische Kunstgeschichte , Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007, ISBN 978-88-7713-482-0 , pp. 206-210.
  5. ↑ Brissago on de.lagomaggiore.net, accessed November 25, 2015
  6. ^ Rodolfo Huber: Brissago. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . August 31, 2004 . According to the Historical-Biographical Lexicon of Switzerland , it is attested as Bresago as early as 1142 .
  7. ↑ Historisch-Biographisches Lexikon der Schweiz , Volume II, p. 516 ( Baciocchi on biblio.unibe.ch/digibern/hist_bibliog_lexikon_schweiz; accessed on May 27, 2017).
  8. ↑ Fabrizio Panzera: I Rifugiati nella Svizzera italiana negli anni 1943-1945: l'afflusso a Brissago e nelle regioni vicine. In: Verbanus, No 23, 2013.
  9. ^ Rodolfo Huber: Brissago. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . August 31, 2004 .
  10. ↑ FART bus routes on centovalli.ch (accessed on March 15, 2017).
  11. ↑ Trasporti Bus to Verbania on vcotrasporti.it (accessed on March 15, 2017).
  12. ↑ Navigazione Laghi on navigazionelaghi.it (accessed March 15, 2017).
  13. ↑ Community list with share of second homes. Building and dwelling statistics, special evaluation GWS, BFS 2012, valid on January 1st, 2014. CATEF March 17th, 2015
  14. ↑ Istituto Socioterapeutico La Motta on portal.dnb.de (accessed on 15 March 2017).
  15. ↑ Art guide through Switzerland. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History. Volume 2. Bern 2005, pp. 622-624.
  16. ↑ Art guide through Switzerland. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History. Volume 2. Bern 2005, p. 622 f.
  17. ↑ Parish Church of Santi Pietro and Paolo (photo)
  18. ↑ Art guide through Switzerland. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History. Volume 2. Bern 2005, p. 623 f.
  19. ↑ Art guide through Switzerland. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History. Volume 2. Bern 2005, p. 624.
  20. ↑ a b Art guide through Switzerland. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History. Volume 2. Bern 2005, p. 624 f.
  21. ^ Museo Leoncavallo.
  22. ↑ Art guide through Switzerland. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History. Volume 2. Bern 2005, p. 625.
  23. ↑ Art guide through Switzerland. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History. Volume 2. Bern 2005, p. 625 f.
  24. ↑ List of sites of national importance , directory on the website of the Federal Office of Culture (BAK), accessed on January 10, 2018.
  25. ↑ Festival Ruggero Leoncavallo on ticino.ch (accessed on March 15, 2017).
  26. ↑ Associazione Amiche e Amici dell'Arlecchino on arlecchino.ch (accessed on March 15, 2017).
  27. ↑ Associazione Calcio Brissago on acbrissago.com (accessed on 15 March 2017).
  28. ^ Società Ginnastica Brissaghese on portal.dnb.de (accessed on March 15, 2017).
  29. ↑ Velo Club Brissago on portal.dnb.de (accessed on March 15, 2017).
  30. ↑ Chess World Championship (2004: Brissago) on portal.dnb.de (accessed on March 15, 2017).
  31. ↑ Centro Dannemann (Brissago) on portal.dnb.de (accessed on March 15, 2017).
  32. ↑ Elfi Rüsch and Annegret Diethelm: Brissago.