Güterfelde Castle
Coordinates: 52 ° 21 ′ 50 ″ N , 13 ° 11 ′ 42 ″ O Schloss Güterfelde (until 1937: Schloss Gütergotz ) is a castle in Güterfelde near Potsdam in the state of Brandenburg . It was built from 1803 to 1804 according to plans by David Gilly and redesigned in the second half of the 19th century. From 2012 to 2014 the castle and the adjoining earth building from 1952 wereconverted into the Château de Roon condominium . Both buildings have been a listed building since 1986.
history
Citizen and noble palace
August Friedrich Grothe-Buckow (1753-1815), head of the state lotteries in the Kingdom of Prussia , swapped his lands in Rudow for Gütergotz in 1803 . The patron saint had architect David Gilly build a palace with a park and a manor on his new property by 1804 .
After several changes of ownership, the castle came to the Prussian Minister of War Albrecht von Roon in 1868 , which he called his "Brandenburg Tusculum " in reference to the summer vacation of the wealthy Romans . As the property had been neglected over the decades, extensive renovations were necessary. Von Roon himself said: “The heavy and massive mansion has hardly ever seen a builder since it was built 65 years ago. In a certain way grand, but inexpediently built by the once famous Gilly, it required a complete reformation in head and limbs. ”As a result, the facade of the castle was redesigned according to a plan by an unknown architect in the French neo-Renaissance style.
As early as 1873, von Roon sold his castle to the banker Gerson von Bleichröder . This also promptly initiated a redesign in the forms of the French, German and Italian neo-renaissance. During the planning phase, the client was evidently inspired by the renovation of Ferrières Castle , which Jakob Rothschild , whom he admired, commissioned in 1855. The park was redesigned by the royal court gardener Theodor II. Nietner .
Conversions
After von Bleichröder's death, Gütergotz Castle changed hands again. In 1894 the Berlin Invalidity and Old Age Insurance Institution set up a sanatorium for people with lung disease there. After it had served as the headquarters of the Reichswehr from 1927 , it was used by the Sturmabteilung (SA) as a training facility from 1933 .
The Soviet Army handed the building over to the GDR as public property in 1952 , which established a retirement home there. In the same year the building academy of the GDR tried out the possibilities of the rammed earth in the former palace park . The so-called earth building was created as part of this project . A boiler house was later built in the northeast of the castle. The old people's home was used in 1985 as the location for the crime film Polizeiruf 110: Treibnetz .
Redevelopment
After the closure of the nursing home in 2010, the company, represented by Erik Roßnagel acquired terra plan from Nuremberg Castle and earth construction . Under the direction of the Berlin architect Uwe Licht from raumwandler.de , the buildings were converted into 36 condominiums called Château de Roon . The planning for the redesign of the southern section of the palace park was carried out by the office for green planning Oehm & Herlan from Nuremberg, the interior design by the Berlin interior designer Eugen Gehring. Construction began in January 2012 and was completed in early 2014.
It is planned to restore the northern part of the palace park based on Nietner's historical plans . Furthermore, the construction of four further semi-detached houses is planned on the west side of the castle park , which interprets the forms of rural Brandenburg architecture in a modern way.
architecture
Entire facility and palace park
The palace complex of David Gilly from 1804 followed the basic demands of classicism for symmetry , axiality , width and clarity in forms. The castle was built on an axis with the Gütergotzer village church. The residence of the patron saint and the church of which he was patron came into a visual relationship . Between the two urban dominants of Gütergotz, the northern part of the palace park, designed as an avenue, ran along with sidewalks. The symmetrical layout of the 19th century has been preserved in its basic features to this day. Theodor II. Nietner also took them into account in his new version from 1873. He designed the northern park area symmetrically in the sense of the formal baroque garden ; the other park areas were laid out as a landscape garden with pleasure grounds and a rosarium (in place of today's boiler house).
When the earth building was erected in 1952, consideration was given to the symmetrical overall layout: The new building was built on the east side of the southern section of the castle park at a right angle to the historic castle and flanks the park like a side wing, which has so far lacked a counterpart on the opposite western side of the park. This is to be supplemented as part of the new development on the west side of the castle park.
architecture
The base made of field stones and the strictly symmetrical basic structure with a central tower have been preserved from the original castle . During the renovations under Albrecht von Roon and Gerson von Bleichröder , the originally plain plastered facades were given a structure in the neo-renaissance style with rustication , cornices, pilasters and tail gables . Smaller towers were also erected on the side wings, the main building was given a hipped roof, the main tower was raised and a risalit with an arched opening was added to the garden side over two floors. During the renovation , the two side wings were again provided with hipped roofs with incised roof terraces based on the design by David Gilly .
The earth building impresses with its close reference to the architecture of the castle. Its design corresponds to the rather conservative attitude of architecture in the GDR in the 1950s, as can be seen, for example, in the new development on Ernst-Thälmann-Strasse in Neubrandenburg .
View of the castle from the south (1942).
Castle before renovation (2009).
View of the castle from the south after the renovation (2015).
North facade of the castle after the renovation (2015).
Main tower of the castle before the renovation (2009).
Earth building before renovation (2006).
Earth building after renovation (2015).
inside rooms
Due to the numerous renovations and changes in the uses, nothing of the historical interior of the castle was left in 2010. In order to make the best possible use of the space, apartments of various types and shapes were installed in the course of the renovation, including maisonettes and split-level units in which the living levels are offset by around half a floor. The formerly open vestibule to the south palace park was expanded to two storeys and provided with a glass front. In addition, new staircases and an elevator were installed; a wine cellar , sauna and fitness room were built in the basement .
The earth building was divided into nine separate residential units, each with two floors and private entrances, like a row house .
literature
- HEA Brodersen: Chronicle of Gütergotz . In: Writings of the Association for the History of the City of Berlin . tape 12 . Berlin 1874, p. 13-15 ( google.de ).
- Petra Winarsky: Gütergotz Castle and its park . In: Brandenburg Monument Preservation . tape 11 , no. 2 , 2002, ISSN 0942-3397 , p. 16-28 .
- Historic domicile. Güterfelde Castle near Potsdam has been transformed into a comfortable residential complex . In: Cube . No. 1 , 2014, p. 12-13 ( cube-magazin.de ).
Web links
- Overview of the history of the castle (PDF)
- Güterfelde Castle on herrenhaus-brandenburg.de
Notes and individual references
- ^ Entry in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. In: ns.gis-bldam-brandenburg.de. Retrieved February 22, 2016 .
- ↑ Roon in a letter to Otto von Bismarck , 1868. Quoted from Winarsky, Gütergotz , p. 21.
- ↑ Winarsky, Gütergotz , p. 25.
- ↑ Kirsten Graulich: Güterfelde Castle sold . In: Potsdam's latest news . October 30, 2010 ( pnn.de [accessed February 22, 2016]).
- ↑ Konstanze Wild: Franconian company buys manor house and wants to renovate historical ensemble . In: Märkische Allgemeine . October 30, 2010.
- ↑ Gabriele Kallabis-Würzburg: New opportunities for the Güterfeld castle . In: Gütergotzer Landbote . No. 83 , 2010, p. 9 ( spd-stahnsdorf.de [PDF]).
- ↑ Domizil , pp. 12-13.
- ↑ Konstanze Wild: Homes in the old castle park . In: Märkische Allgemeine . January 26, 2012.
- ^ Solveig Schuster: New park for the Güterfelder Schloss . In: Potsdam's latest news . December 17, 2015 ( pnn.de [accessed February 22, 2016]).
- ^ A b Heinz Hellwig: Real estate company is developing new residential ensemble in Güterfelde. (No longer available online.) In: Märkische Allgemeine Zeitung. Archived from the original on February 23, 2016 ; accessed on February 23, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Domizil , p. 13.
- ^ Peter Goralczyk: Architecture and Urban Development in the 1950s in the GDR . In: Architecture and Urban Development in the 1950s (= series of publications by the German National Committee for Monument Protection ). tape 41 . German National Committee for Monument Protection, Cologne 1990, ISBN 3-922153-06-2 , p. 62-79 .
- ↑ Domizil , p. 12.
