Schneeberg (Aachen)
| Schneeberg | ||
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 View from the southwest towards Holset over Vaals |
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| height | 256.5 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | near Laurensberg ( Aachen ), North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Vennvorland ( Eifel ) | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 47 '3 " N , 6 ° 1' 3" E | |
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| rock | Limestone and marl rock | |
The Schneeberg is 256.5 m above sea level. NHN high and elongated, but relatively narrow mountain range in the area of the North Rhine-Westphalian city of Aachen .
geography
location
The Schneeberg rises in the area of the Aachen district Laurensberg and extends from the district Vaalserquartier in a north-westerly direction to just before the district Orsbach . The valley of the Göhl tributary Senserbach , which forms the German- Dutch border and was formerly part of the Aachen Landgraben , runs along its steeper southwestern flank in the direction of Lemiers . On the other side of the hilltop, to the north and northeast, the terrain slopes gently towards the agricultural areas of Laurensberg and Seffent and leads over to Vetschauer Berg (approx. 236 m ). In front of the Schneeberg to the southeast is the Wachtelkopf (approx. 235 m ), with which it is connected by a short ridge of forest and grass.
Natural allocation
The snow mountain, located in the Eifel belonging natural spatial feature unit group Vennvorland (no. 56) and in the main unit Aachener hills (561) on the border of the subunits boiler Aachener (561.1) in the southeast and Vaalser hills (561.3) in the northwest.
Protected areas
With the exception of the parts of the Schneeberg nature reserve located on the Schneeberg ( CDDA no. 165445; designated 1988; 15.27 hectares ), parts of the Aachen nature reserve extend over it (CDDA no. 555558491; 1988; 81.3126 km² ).
Geology and habitat
Geologically, like the Wachtelkopf, the Schneeberg belongs to the Aachen-Limburger chalk board and is mainly made up of chalk from the Upper Cretaceous , limestone and marl stones , which are typical for this area between Aachen and Maastricht . The rocks on the chalk board are flat here to the northwest. The oldest rocks can be found east of the Schneeberg in the area of the Seffenter valley. The marl-limestones of the Vijlen -Member that are present here merge into the flint-bearing limestones of the Orsbach flint chalk in the hanging wall . A characteristic feature of this rock unit is the layered appearance of blue-gray to black flints, which are embedded in the calcareous chalk sediments as cm to dm-sized, irregular concretions . The summit region of the Schneeberg is formed by hard, yellowish-gray limestones and less solidified, fossil debris-bearing limestones of the Vetschau limestone. As soon as the fields located there have been plowed, countless limestone fragments come to light, giving the mountain a whitish sheen, which has led to the name "Schneeberg". Since the early 19th century, numerous fossils from the Cretaceous period, such as various stone sea urchins, have been found there during excavations . There were also extensive finds of gray-black flint tools on the sloping sunny side of the quail head , which indicate a long period of use as a populated work place.
In the Tertiary , the limestones near the surface were deeply weathered and the numerous sinkholes filled with younger sands. These sands were quarried in small sand pits on the Schneeberg plateau in the 19th century . Furthermore, numerous silicified sands, so-called tertiary quartzites , are widespread on the ridge .
These special soil conditions cause a special flora and fauna that can only be found under such conditions. In order to protect them, the Schneeberg nature reserve was designated in 1988 . Individual plots, on which mostly only semi- arid grass used to grow, have been reforested, others have been planted with rows of bushes. In addition, in 2012, as part of a compensatory measure for the RWTH Aachen University's "Campus West" to be built on, the Rhenish Cultural Landscape Foundation was entrusted with agreeing with the farmers responsible for the arable land on the slopes of the Schneeberg that more arable weeds such as Venus ridge and arable rock seeds should be increased should be sown, which thrive well on these special soil conditions, which should also promote the bee population.
particularities
Siegfried Line fortifications
Due to its steeper south-western slope and the associated distant view of the Dutch territory, the section of the western wall built in 1938/1939 ran along this side of the Schneeberg parallel to the "Schneebergweg", which is a listed building. It was the second and upward continuation of the rampart fortification, after a 1.3 km long and 3.70 m high armored wall was built a little deeper and on the edge of the southeastern Wachtelkopf parallel to the "Senserbachweg", also still preserved, and additionally with barbed wire had been secured. The 350 m long section on the higher Schneebergweg consists of an armored wall up to 3.70 m high in the eastern and western section and a 5-row cusp line made of reinforced concrete, which is 13.45 m wide and up to 1.50 m high m high. In the armored wall there are some protruding irons, which used to hold a wire barrier, as well as several shafts at certain intervals and a barrier at the eastern end. Above the slope and on the flanks, the wall was protected by machine gun slots, which are only partially preserved. In addition, there is a standard bunker type 108b on the site , but it is only partially accessible.
Schneeberg Chapel
A special kind of tourist attraction is the Schneeberg Chapel built after the end of the Second World War on the lower south-western slope of the Schneeberg in front of the Siegfried Line between Schneebergweg and Senserbachweg, which was built as a private chapel at the instigation of the local farmer Wilhelm Maahsen (1900-1977). It was consecrated to the Mother of God in 1963 and is also a listed building. Its bell comes from the dissolved Redemptorist monastery in Vaals and the wreath of windows below the dome and the entrance door were designed by the Aachen artist Peter Hodiamont .
Golf course
Parts of the south to east flank of the Schneeberg are used by the Aachener Golf Club , which in its founding year created a golf course with 18 holes and 72 par as well as a driving range on the basis of a private initiative .
Elevated tank
Furthermore, between 1929 and 1977 there was an elevated tank on the Wachtelkopf , to which water was pumped from the “Seven Springs” of Seffent by means of two centrifugal pumps, with which Vaals and most of the local textile companies could be supplied.
Web links
- Entry on the Westwall biotope network on Schneeberg in Aachen in the " KuLaDig " database of the Rhineland Regional Council
- Aachen Schneeberg , Geological Information, on fossiel.net (English)
- Photo gallery Schneeberg , on euregio-im-bild.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Schneeberg - Topographical Map 1: 2000. In: TIM-online (Topographical Information Management). District government of Cologne , accessed on April 16, 2016 .
- ^ Ewald Glässer: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 122/123 Cologne / Aachen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1978. → Online map (PDF; 8.7 MB)
- ^ "Schneeberg" nature reserve (ACS-003) in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia , accessed on March 10, 2017.
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ^ Roland Walter : Aachen geo routes . Grenzecho-Verlag, Eupen 2012, ISBN 978-3-86712-058-6 , pp. 80-103
- ↑ Manfred Viegener: Schneeberg and Cyclops stones - A geological travel guide . Grenzecho-Verlag, Eupen 2003, p. 87
- ↑ Axel Hausmann: Atuatuka: Caesars Legionslager in Aachen , Aachen, 2001
- ^ Roland Walter: Aachen geo routes . Grenzecho-Verlag, Eupen 2012, ISBN 978-3-86712-058-6 , p. 92f.
- ^ Roland Walter: Aachen and the northern area . Geological Guide Collection, Volume 101, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-443-15087-7 , pp. 118f.
- ↑ Rhenish Cultural Landscape Foundation: Wild herb protection ( Memento of the original from February 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Press release of July 3, 2012, on rheinische-kulturlandschaft.de
- ↑ tank mounting the former West rampart north of Vaals , description Az. 35.4.14-01.23 of Aachen
- ↑ tank wall at Quail head on 7grad.org
- ↑ Aachen-Schneeberg ( Memento of the original from February 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in Westwall Relicts 1938–1945 , on westwall.mynetcologne.de
- ↑ Helmut Vondenhoff: Westwall fortifications on Schneeberg , from October 22, 2011, on haaren-verlautenheide.de
- ↑ Andreas Krützen: 50 Years of the Schneeberg Chapel in Aachen-Vaalserquartier , from March 2013, on kg-vaalserquartier.de, March 2013
- ^ Aachener Golf Club 1927 e. V. (official homepage)
