Swedish fortress Gustavsburg
The Swedish Fortress Gustavsburg (also Fort Mainspitze Gustavsburg or Fortress Gustavsburg ) is a former fortress in the Gustavsburg district of the Hessian city of Ginsheim-Gustavsburg , which existed from 1632 to 1673 roughly on the site of today's castle park .
location
The fortress was built at the mouth of the Main in the Rhine south of Mainz on the other bank of the Main. Today the Gustavsburg district of the city of Ginsheim-Gustavsburg is located there.
history
The Swedish King Gustav Adolf had a fortress built on the Mainspitze in just two years after the conquest of Catholic Mainz in 1631 during the Thirty Years' War .
Among other things, the stone of a Roman equestrian grave was found, a copy of which now adorns the entrance hall of the town hall. During the construction work, as in Mainz, now under the direction of the Swedish Chancellor Oxenstierna , remains of walls of Roman origin came to light in other places. The remains of a Roman bridge (which are said to still be in the river bed of the Main), altars and grave monuments, as well as numerous coins and vessels were found.
The star-shaped complex comprised six bastions that were named (clockwise from the north): Gustavus, Adolfus, Rex, Maria, Eleonora and Regina. The water-filled moats were flooded with Main water. The trenches in front of the ramparts can still be seen here. The interior was intended for 600 houses. In 1633 the fortress even received city rights . As early as 1636 the Swedes had to give up the fortress, like Mainz, after being lost and recaptured several times.
In 1673, shortly before his death, the Elector of Mainz, Johann Philipp von Schönborn, had the complex grinded and the stones transported to Mainz . In 1787 it is still referred to as a fortress ruin .
Aftermath
Gustavsburg train station is now roughly in the middle of the former Gustavsburg fortress. In the district drawing by August Buxbaum from around 1900, the star-shaped system can still be seen well in the gain limits . Only a few remains of the fortress can be seen above ground.
The Gustavsburg Castle Park has been on the site of the former Swedish fortress Gustavsburg since 2004 . A remnant piece of the fortress is now located in the castle park with a memorial plaque . There, the east gate of the fortress was built from wood. Natural stone walls , so-called gabions , indicate the course of the fortress in Gustavsburg Castle Park today.
See also
literature
- (Ed.) Community of Ginsheim-Gustavsburg: Chronicle of Ginsheim-Gustavsburg , Otto Wenke & Claus Daschmann, Ginsheim-Gustavsburg 1976, p. 129
Web links
- Gustavsburg , private website www.gustavsburg-germany.de
- Mainspitze on the portal for Groß-Gerau and Rhein-Main
- Mainz as a Swedish state 1631-36. Mainz in the first years of the Thirty Years War on www.festung-mainz.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mainzer Stadtgeschichte , therein: Sweden period 1631–1636 ; accessed on August 3, 2018
- ↑ Mainspitze on gg-online.de
- ↑ private homepage of Gustavsburg
- ↑ H. Mr. Malten: Library of the latest world studies: geschichtl. Overview d. most memorable phenomena among all peoples d. Earth, her literary, political and sittl. Leben , Sauerländers Verlagbuchhandlung , Aarau 1840, p. 298
- ^ Karl Anton Schaab : The history of the federal fortress Mainz, historically and militarily based on the sources. Self-published by the author, Mainz 1835, p. 166
- ↑ Hessen's youngest city , Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , May 2, 2013
Alt-Wolfskehlen Castle | Astheim Bohemian Castle | Dornberg Castle | Falkenau Castle | Gernsheim Castle | Swedish fortress Gustavsburg | Hassloch Castle | Kelsterbach Castle | Mörfelden Castle | Jagdschloss Mönchbruch | Neu-Wolfskehlen Castle | Rüsselsheim Fortress | Schwedenschanze | Palatinate Trebur
Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 45.5 " N , 8 ° 18 ′ 40.8" E