Neu-Wolfskehlen Castle

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Neu-Wolfskehlen Castle
Redrawing of the castle according to the geophysical prospection of Terraplana [1]

Redrawing of the castle according to the geophysical prospection of Terraplana

Alternative name (s): new Castle
Creation time : 13th Century
Castle type : Niederungsburg
Conservation status: Burgstall
Standing position : Local nobility
Place: Riedstadt - Wolfskehlen
Geographical location 49 ° 51 '3.4 "  N , 8 ° 30' 12.1"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 51 '3.4 "  N , 8 ° 30' 12.1"  E
Neu-Wolfskehlen Castle (Hesse)
Neu-Wolfskehlen Castle
Center of the picture Wolfskehlen; above in the meadow facing the yellowish cornfield lie the remains of Neu-Wolfskehlen Castle . Alt-Wolfskehlen Castle was located in the middle left at the upper end of the Neckar loop above

The castle New Wolfskehlen even Neue Burg called, is an Outbound lowland castle in what is now the district Wolfskehlen the city Riedstadt in Gross-Gerau district in Hesse .

location

The location of the castle could not be precisely located until 2014. In the historical local lexicon of the state historical information system of Hesse LAGIS , the castle is located northwest of Wolfkehlens, according to the sparse documents it was assumed to be in the area of ​​the so-called "Hohen Straße" passing west of the place in a north-south direction with the intersection to the way to Oppenheim , which would assume a location southwest of the place (a named Gewann "Steinacker" can no longer be found in the field name index). The Groß-Gerauer Heimatbuch names a location approx. 400 meters southeast of the church near the secondary station on the Goddelau - Griesheim line .

From 2014, the Terraplana association also took care of this castle site in its research project Niederungsburgen . Earlier aerial photographs on the south-eastern outskirts of the community in the corridor "Bei der Hofstatt" on a damp meadow, which was probably a former moor in the silted up old Neckar bed , show between Scheidgraben , a left tributary of the Darmbach , and today's southeastern outskirts along the road In der Hochstadt an almost square structure, which is caused by negative vegetation features and suggests remains of walls or excavated trenches. Deeper trench-like structures were recognized during inspections. An assumption of a Roman fort was refuted with medieval fragments. Geophysical investigations in July 2014 using ground penetrating radar and in September 2017 using geomagnetics showed that this was the location of the former Neu-Wolfskehlen Castle.

history

Three of the younger sons of Gerardus de Wolfskehlen , who is said to have built Alt-Wolfskehlen Castle , jointly created a new knight's seat , probably at the beginning of the 13th century , Neu-Wolfskehlen Castle, which did not last long.

The castle built by the Lords of Wolfskehlen, a square fort complex with simple residential buildings and a tower, the location of which will only be precisely localized from 2014, was first mentioned in 1252 when it was sold to Archbishop Gerhard von Mainz - the Lords of Wolfskehlen probably took it as Fiefdom; a Kronberger as Mainz burgrave is documented in 1298. The castle was probably destroyed as early as 1301 in the course of a feud between the Archbishopric of Mainz and the German King Albrecht .

After the Middle Ages, the stone remains were removed for local buildings and the castle was gutted down to the foundation walls, as the geomagnetic investigations of the 2010s show.

description

This results from the results of the investigations by the Terraplana association in 2014 and 2017.

With a high degree of certainty, the results can be interpreted in such a way that a core castle , a bailey and ditches or walls of an assumed rectangular defense were present. The area of ​​the outer bailey is likely to extend to the modern development of Wolfskehlen and has not been fully investigated. Found and prospected wooden posts show that the castle was built on a pile grid .

The approximately 50 × 50 m core castle in the southeastern area of ​​the measuring area is located on a clear elevation, was more densely built up and was surrounded by a stone wall. In the north-western area of ​​the main castle, a square floor plan with an edge length of about 9.30 m is interpreted as a floor plan of a tower (castle keep) with an interior space of about 4 m width. The resulting material width of 2.60 m is not interpreted as a wall remnant, but as a broad, deposited mortar and stone remnants of the broken tower. No precise information can be given about the strength of the wall.

On the southwest and northwest side of the castle, a second wall is assumed from the geomagnetic measurements, which encompassed the core castle like a kennel , in which a larger cellar is assumed. Both walls could come from different construction phases of the castle and do not have to have existed at the same time. However, given the castle's short existence, this is not very likely.

literature

  • Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 2nd Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1995, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 217.
  • Walter Petzinger, Heinrich Weinheimer: Die Wüstungen im Kreis Groß-Gerau , pp. 109–129, in: Kreis Groß-Gerau (Ed.): Lebendige Heimat , Darmstadt 1958, Vlg. Roetherdruck, 407 pages

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Results of the archaeological - geophysical prospection of the Niederungsburg "Neu - Wolfskehlen" , Terraplana website; accessed on November 28, 2018
  2. ↑ Lebendige Heimat p. 109 f.
  3. ^ Terraplana - Society for Archeology in the Hessian Ried eV , Archeology and cultural history of the Hessian Rhine plain ; accessed on November 28, 2018
  4. ↑ Your father Ger (h) ardus is mentioned in 1184–1192.
  5. ↑ New Wolfskehlen Castle, Groß-Gerau district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of January 22, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on June 25, 2014 .
  6. ↑ Site survey "New - Wolfskehlen" Part 1 Site survey "New - Wolfskehlen" Part 2 , Terraplana website; accessed on November 28, 2018
  7. ↑ History: The Lords and the Castles of Wolfskehlen , Terraplana website; accessed on November 28, 2018