St. John the Baptist (Stadl)

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Parish Church of St. John the Baptist
View from the west

The Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist in Stadl , a district of the municipality of Vilgertshofen in the Upper Bavarian district of Landsberg am Lech , is essentially a late Gothic building that was redesigned in the Rococo style in the middle of the 18th century . The church, whose rococo furnishings have been almost completely preserved, is one of the protected architectural monuments in Bavaria. St. John the Baptist is the parish church of the mother parish of Stadl in the diocese of Augsburg .

history

The church, which is surrounded by a cemetery with a tuff stone wall, was probably built around 1500. Archaeological finds suggest that it was a late Romanesque predecessor. In 1472 Andreas Fritz is mentioned as the first pastor in Stadl. In 1520 the patronage of the church passed to the Munich patrician Pütrich family . In 1605 the parish came to the Andechs Benedictine monastery . Around 1740/50 the church was remodeled in the Rococo style and received new fittings . A comprehensive renovation took place in 2011/12.

architecture

Exterior construction

In front of the west facade is the bell tower covered with a gable roof, which is broken through in the lower part by narrow, loopholes-like openings and divided in the upper part by glare fields. Round-arched, coupled sound arcades are cut into the bell storey on all four sides . On the south side of the nave in the east are the two-storey sacristy covered by a pent roof , the pulpit staircase covered with a tent roof and the open portico with a pyramid roof .

  • sign

  • Pulpit staircase

  • Pointed arch windows in the tower substructure

inner space

inner space

The interior consists of a nave divided into four axes and a retracted choir with two axes , closed on three sides . The choir and nave are covered by barrels of stab cap. The western end of the nave is formed by a double gallery that rests on marbled columns. The curved parapets are decorated with paintings depicting angels making music and scenes from the life of the church patron .

Stucco and ceiling frescoes

The stucco decor in the Rococo style is attributed to the Schmuzer family's Wessobrunn artist workshop.

Glory of John the Baptist
Sermon of John the Baptist

The author of the ceiling frescoes , take Johann Baptist Baader at (around 1717-1780), also known as Lech painter or Lech Hansl is known. The assignment is controversial, however, as it can no longer be proven due to the multiple overpainting in the 19th century and in 1937. The nave fresco depicts the skin-clad church patron with a lamb at his feet, who preaches to a large crowd. The smaller medallions with other scenes from his life were added in 1937. The choir fresco depicts the glory of the saint, who is surrounded by angels and who is crowned by two angels with a laurel wreath. The six pictures on the stitch caps, framed by stucco cartridges , show emblematic representations.

  • Stucco decor and holy spirit hole

  • Stitch caps with stucco decoration

  • Consecration Cross

Furnishing

High altar
  • Like the two side altars, the four-column high altar has paintings by Johann Baptist Baader and carved figures by Johann Luidl (1686–1765). The baptism of Jesus is depicted on the altar panel of the high altar, the crucifixion of Christ on the left side altar and the plague saint Rochus of Montpellier on the right altar . This picture bears the signature: “I. Bader pinxit tutti tre 1751 “(Johann Baptist Baader painted all three in 1751). At the high altar are the assistant figures of Saint Joseph with his attribute , the lily, in his hand (center left), the apostles Peter with a key (left outside), John with a chalice and snake (middle right) and Paul with a sword (right outside) . The figures on the side altars, which are marked with the year 1751 in their rocaille cartouches , represent the Jesuit saints Ignatius von Loyola (left) and Franz Xavier (right).
  • The Gothic wall crucifix is dated to the first quarter of the 15th century.
  • The Mater dolorosa standing under the cross is a work from the 17th century. Like the crucifix, it originally belonged to the furnishings of the Leonhard Chapel in Stadl.
  • The colored stucco pulpit dates from the late baroque period. The sound cover is crowned with the white and gold framed wooden figure of Johannes Nepomuk . The four evangelists are depicted on oil paintings on the pulpit . The image of the Good Shepherd on the pulpit door is attributed to Johann Baptist Baader.
  • The 14 Stations of the Cross , which are decorated with rocaille cartouches, were painted by Sebastian Christ in 1758.

  • Crucifix and mater dolorosa

  • Pulpit

  • Sound cover

  • Ignatius of Loyola on the left side altar

  • Franz Xaver on the right side altar

Holy grave

Since the middle of the 18th century, the Holy Grave has been built in the choir in front of the high altar of the parish church in Stadl , which takes up almost the entire space under the choir arch. It is set up on Maundy Thursday and dismantled on Holy Saturday .

The backdrop structure is eight meters high and six meters wide and extends up to four meters into the chancel. It consists of a wooden frame with a frame and attached canvas pictures on which scenes from the passion of Jesus are painted in oil. The area is divided into three axes and two superimposed levels by architectural painting. In the lower middle the grave niche opens with the fully plastic figure of the corpse of Jesus, in the niche above, two angels remember the resurrection of Jesus and hold the shroud. The work from the middle of the 18th century is attributed to Johann Baptist Baader.

Tombstones

A tombstone for Pastor Michael Eisele, who died in 1538, is attached to the southern outer wall of the nave. The figure of the deceased is depicted as an almost life-size relief under a three-pass arch, with a circumferential minuscule inscription carved into the stone on the edge .

In the interior three limestone tombstones from the years 1627, 1742 and 1781 are set into the walls.

  • Gravestone for pastor Michael Eisele († 1538)

  • Gravestone from 1627

  • Gravestone from 1742

literature

  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bayern IV: Munich and Upper Bavaria . 2nd edition, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-422-03010-7 , p. 1120.
  • Karl Gattinger, Grietje Suhr: Landsberg am Lech, city and district (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.14 ). Verlag Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7917-2449-2 , p. 815-818 .
  • Parish Church of St. Johannes Baptist Stadl . Leaflet o J.
  • Heide Weißhaar-Kiem, Josef Berger, Josef Menhart: Johann Baptist Baader. The holy grave of Stadl . Leaflet o J.

Web links

Commons : St. John the Baptist (Stadl)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of monuments for Vilgertshofen (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, monument number D-1-81-133-1
  2. ^ Stadl: St. Johannes Baptist Diocese of Augsburg
  3. ↑ Monument list for Vilgertshofen (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, monument number D-1-8031-0148

Coordinates: 47 ° 57 ′ 48 ″  N , 10 ° 54 ′ 24.3 ″  E