St. Laurentius (Viehbach)
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The St. Laurentius branch church in the Viehbach district of the Fahrenzhausen community is located on the northern edge of the village in a walled cemetery. The building dates from different ages and styles; from Romanesque wall remains to pieces of equipment from the historic 19th century. The church in Viehbach was first mentioned as a branch church of the parish of Vierkirchen in 1315. When the parish Giebing was re-established in 1804, it came to this parish . The building is listed under the file number D-1-78-123-24 of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation .
history
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A church in the village is first mentioned in 1315. It is described as a branch church of the parish Vierkirchen. In 1524 the Laurentius patronage (" s.Laurentii in Viechpach ") is mentioned for the first time .
In 1630 the choir window was enlarged, the nave pavement was renewed and the cemetery wall was repaired by Melchior Winckhler from Wessobrunn . The consecration of three altars by Prince-Bishop Johann Franz Eckher von Kapfing and Liechteneck (1695–1727) is also mentioned in a later church account. In 1669 the two side altars, the group of figures above the choir arch and the pulpit were renewed. The new consecration of the choir altar could have been an effect of the Thirty Years' War (desecration of the altars by soldiers).
In 1804, the then Kuratie Giebing with its Kammerberg branch became an independent parish. There was also the Viehbach branch church, which had not previously belonged to the Giebing Curate and had previously received pastoral care directly from Vierkirchen. In 1817 118 believers lived in 26 houses in Viehbach. At that time, Viehbach still belonged to the Dachau district court (roughly equivalent to today's district).
In 1890 the church was extended to the west and the baroque choir altar was replaced by a neo-Gothic altar, which still exists today.
Furnishing
As in many village churches, the furnishings are varied and colorful. Despite the style differences, the impression is quite harmonious.
Gothic choir
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The sanctuary is only slightly drawn in and closes with three sides of an octagon. It dates from the Gothic period and has a reticulated vault. The ribs are clearly visible and do not end on consoles , but in half-columns (services). In the middle part, the eye of God can be seen in a halo in a stucco frame .
The high altar (choir altar) has a neo-Gothic reredos made of oak, some of which are multicolored. Three niches are incorporated in the middle part . The top of the reredos is decorated with rich tracery and crowned with pinnacles . The altar is two and a half meters wide and room high, it dates from the end of the 19th century, from the age of historicism . The inauguration took place on 1898 by Archbishop Franz Josef von Stein.
In the niches of the high altar are - also neo-Gothic - figures of St. Stephen (left), John the Baptist and the church patron Laurentius.
On the north wall of the chancel there are two late Gothic figures on pedestals : to the east, St. Wendelin in a shepherd's robe with a shepherd's shovel in his hand and a small sheep at his feet, to the west St. Catherine. This king's daughter from Cyprus is said to have been whipped, wheeled and - when the wheel broke - beheaded in 306 for her belief. A crucifix from the 17th century hangs on the south wall opposite.
Baroque nave
The nave has a flat ceiling, which is decorated with a large ceiling fresco . Immediately in front of the choir arch is the Heiliggeistloch in four-pass shape , which is closed with a lid. On the cover is a Holy Spirit dove is in the halo painted.
The painting shows the church patron , St. Laurentius, standing between representatives of the Roman emperor Valerian and those in need. The theme is taken from the legend of the martyrdom of St. Laurentius.
The two side altars have splendid early baroque pillars. While the columns with Corinthian capitals adorned with gilded vines are brightly marbled, the superstructures are made of black wood with lots of gold-colored decoration. At first glance, you think you are looking at two identical altars, but a closer look reveals that the two altars are not identical in one detail either.
They were probably not made at the same time, but one after the other. The left Marien Altar was already finished in 1668. This is supported by the church bill, according to which the young sculptor Christian Handschuher (1651–1731) received 35 guilders for the creation of a side altar, and the life data of the painter Johann Adam Holzmair (1627–1668), who made the altar his last work for a salary of 67 guilders and died in 1668. The right Sebastian altar was probably not made until 1669. In any case, the date is there in large numbers on the entablature .
On the walls of the nave there are also some figures, a St. Ulrich, a St. Laurentius, a St. Stephen and an altoetting image of the Virgin Mary. There is also a St. Anthony with child and a child Jesus with an orb .
The left side altar, dedicated to Mary
The right side altar, dedicated to Sebastian
St. Lawrence on the wall of the nave
St. Lawrence on the ceiling fresco
View of the organ gallery, built in at the end of the 19th century
Figures above the choir arch
Neo-Romanesque columns on the porch
Entrance door covered with sheet metal
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19th century furnishings
The neo-Gothic choir altar is already mentioned above.
The 14 stations of the cross are concentrated in the rear area of the church. These are oil paintings on canvas that were created in the first half of the 19th century in the Nazarene style , which was popular at the time . The painter is not known.
The deep gallery at the end of the nave was built around 1890 as part of the extension. It rests on four pillars. The neo-baroque, marbled organ case has rich foliage decoration . The prospectus is curved. The organ itself was built by the Siemann company in 1912. It has two manuals and a total of seven registers .
monument
As a protected monument , located at St.-Laurentius-Straße 9, the church is described as follows:
“Catholic branch church St. Laurentius, small hall building with slightly drawn-in polygonal choir closure, choir flank tower and attached sacristy, Romanesque nave, 12th century, choir 15th century, expanded around 1890; with equipment. File number D-1-78-123-24. "
literature
- Georg Brenninger: organs and organ builder in the district of Dachau. In: Amperland 1976/1.
- Alois Angerpointner: The history of the parish Vierkirchen until 1880. In: Amperland 1978.
Web links
- Description of the church at Schertl's "Churches and Chapels"
- Viehbach as part of the parish association Fahrenzhausen-Haimhausen
- Filial church St. Laurentius in Viehbach
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 48 ° 21 '27.9 " N , 11 ° 31' 50.4" E