St. Nikolaus (Neuses am Berg)

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The Catholic Church in Neuses am Berg

The St. Nicholas Church is the branch church of the Catholic community in the Dettelbach district of Neuses am Berg . It is in the Kreuzgasse in the middle of the village. The church belongs to the dean's office in Kitzingen .

history

Denominational conflicts

In 1417 Johann von Stein and the Würzburg Cathedral Chapter founded the vicarie St. Nicolai in the village , which was occupied by Pastor Schikbold from Prosselsheim . A church probably already existed where the Protestant church is today. In the following years it came into the possession of the monastery of Our Lady of Würzburg . In 1512, the Würzburg bishop Lorenz von Bibra received the rights to the church through an exchange.

In 1528 the church came into the possession of the Ansbach margrave Georg the Pious of Ansbach . In the meantime she had risen to the parish church . Under the influence of the margraves, the Reformation was adopted in the town in 1570 - in the meantime Georg Friedrich I was ruler . With the year 1589 the influence of the margrave on the village grew further: Georg Friedrich received the church, the rectory and the school as a fief.

The church building was used by both denominations simultaneously . In the course of the Counter Reformation under Bishop Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn , the tensions between the denominations increased. The Thirty Years' War ended the Reformation in Neuses am Berg in 1628. Pastor Georg Ludwig Codomann was expelled and the Catholic rite was reintroduced.

Branch church

In 1650, after the war of religion , the Nuremberg Imperial Deputation named Neuses am Berg together with ten other parishes in the area as a “ mercy parish ”. The dual denomination in Neuses am Berg was thus established. However, the Würzburg bishop continued to take over the spiritual jurisdiction. The Protestant parish was merged at the same time as the St. Andrew's Church in Schernau, and this connection lasted until 1827.

On March 28, 1784 a simultaneous contract was concluded. The Catholic residents were allowed to use the church from then on. Soon after, they started building their own church. The Würzburg court architect Adam Valentin Fischer received the order. Today's St. Nikolaus Church was built between 1784 and 1790. It was designated by Anton Daug, the pastor of Prosselsheim .

The first renovation took place in 1890. The planned establishment of a local chaplaincy in 1880 was never implemented. Further renovations were made outside in 1974 and inside in 1977 and 1978. The church was last renovated in 1989. The church building is classified as a monument by the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments , underground remains of previous buildings are listed as a ground monument.

description

The church presents itself as a hall building . It was built in a west and has a closed west choir. The nave was equipped with three window axes. The center of the church is the east facade with the tower. It is three-story and ends with a heavy onion dome . Arched windows structure the tower, the storeys of which can also be seen from the outside through cornices. A blasted gable was installed above the portal.

Furnishing

High altar

The interior of the Nikolauskirche

The high altar inside the choir forms the center of the interior of the church. It was created at the time of classicism and was completed in 1793/1794. It goes back to a foundation of Franz Hufnagel from Estenfeld . The altar leaf, on the other hand, dates from 1848 and was painted by Andreas Geist from Würzburg. The altar has a four-column structure. He has side passages.

A lamb of God was worked on the tabernacle structure in the center of the altar . The sheet depicts Our Lady on the globe. Right and left it is framed by two plastic figures. St. Peter can be seen on the left and the Apostle Paul on the right. An expansive cornice , covered with vases, leads over to the pull-out. A group of figures of the Most Holy Trinity is surrounded by curved volutes.

Side altars

In addition to the high altar, there are two other altars inside the church. They are to the left and right of the choir arch . Just like the high altar, they were created in the style of classicism. Both altars were assigned by the Würzburg auxiliary bishop Andreas Fahrmann in 1794 . Instead of an altar sheet, both altars have a figure of a saint. Two other figures frame the altar. The extract is also sculptural.

The St. Nicholas altar is on the south side. Here is a figure of St. Nicholas of Myra . The figures of Joseph as a carpenter and a guardian angel with the baby Jesus frame this altar. In the extract is the eye of providence . The Sebastian altar was placed on the north side. Saint Sebastian was placed in the center, it is framed by an Anna-Selbdritt figure and Saint Barbara. A burning heart is attached to the extract.

Peal

After the construction period, the church was soon equipped with bells. The oldest surviving bell in St. Nicholas' Church dates from 1790. During the Second World War , two of the three bells had to be handed in to be melted down. It was not until 1954 that the church bells were completed again.

Surname Keynote Diameter in centimeters Weight in kilograms inscription
Nicholas bell g sharp ' 104.5 430 In hon s. Nicolai, Ep. Et Conf. (Latin. In honor of St. Nicholas, bishop and confessor)
Marienbell H' 87 250 In hon BMV, Patr Franconiae (lat. In honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary, patroness of the Franconian region)
Francis Bell f 52.5 100 SANCTE FRANCISCE, ORA PRO NOBIS. AO 1790 (lat. Saint Francis, pray for us. In 1790)

Further equipment

The people's altar can be found in the choir. It was set up in 1977. Another oil painting , "Christ on the Cross", comes from the 18th century. There is also a sandstone wayside shrine inside the church. It shows the 14 emergency helpers and was also worked in the 18th century. The oldest element of the equipment, on the other hand, is the lecture cross, which dates back to the 16th century. A font comes from the 19th century.

Another important element of the church furnishings is the pulpit . Like the altars, it was also used in the church in the 18th century. It also presents itself in the style of classicism. A round body was decorated with the four evangelists. A dove, symbol of the Holy Spirit, was placed inside the sound cover . The tablet with the ten commandments is crowned. In addition, 14 stations of the cross from the 18th century run through the church. A small organ was built in 1792 by Johann Philipp Albert Seuffert .

literature

  • Hans Bauer: District of Kitzingen. An art and culture guide . Market wide 1993.
  • Alfred Schelter: The Protestant church building of the 18th century in Franconia . Kulmbach 1981.
  • Thomas Wehner: Real Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg. Kitzingen Dean's Office . Wuerzburg 1997.

Web links

Commons : St. Nikolaus (Neuses am Berg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wehner, Thomas: Real Schematism of the Diocese of Würzburg . P. 34.
  2. ↑ Neuses am Berg website: St. Nikolaus Church  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed August 25, 2015.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.neuses-am-berg.de  
  3. ↑ a b c Wehner, Thomas: Realschematismus der Diözese Würzburg . P. 40.
  4. ↑ Schelter, Alfred: The Protestant church building of the 18th century in Franconia . P. 314.
  5. ^ Hermann Fischer , Theodor Wohnhaas : Historical organs in Lower Franconia . Schnell & Steiner, Munich 1981, ISBN 3-7954-0424-X , p. 246 .

Coordinates: 49 ° 49 ′ 38.2 "  N , 10 ° 10 ′ 28.4"  E