St. Wolfgang (Kaltenbrunn)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Wolfgang in Kaltenbrunn in Upper Franconia , a part of Itzgrund in the Coburg district , was built in the middle of the 18th century .
history
Originally there was a chapel in Kaltenbrunn with an unknown date of foundation, which belonged to Pfarrweisach and later to Ebern . With the elevation of the Untermerzbacher Marienkapelle to a parish church in 1439, Kaltenbrunn became a parish there. In 1534 the von Rotenhan family introduced the Reformation . In 1675, Georg Wolf von Rotenhan zu Merzbach and his family returned to the Catholic Church and the Kaltenbrunn Wolfgang Chapel, which was probably essentially late Gothic, was left to the Catholics. The majority of the population was now Protestant and had to go to worship until the parish in Gleußen in 1824 in Untermerzbach. This was followed in 1691 by the elevation to a Catholic parish in the diocese of Würzburg .
The von Rotenhans of the Merzbacher Line initiated the construction of a new church in the mid-18th century. Johann Jakob Michael Küchel made the first drafts in 1739 while retaining the old church tower on the western side and the existing choir . At the same time, Justus Heinrich Dientzenhofer delivered a competing design. In 1745 the old church was demolished and from 1746 to 1749 the new building was erected based on Küchel's plans by master mason and stone mason Thomas Harra from Ebern and, after his death, by Johann Tanzer from Ebern. The masonry of the previous building was included.
After the secularization in Bavaria , the church districts were reorganized . The parish of Kaltenbrunn was subsequently assigned to the Archdiocese of Bamberg in 1810 .
In 1882 the church roof was re-covered. Renovations followed in 1924 and 1937. In 1965/66 the parish had the interior redesigned and renovated as well as an exterior repair. During a restoration in 2002, the roof was slated again, the windows were renewed and the interior and the outer wall were repainted.
Building description
The south-east facing, Baroque hall church stands in the center of the village and has a single-tower facade protruding from the village street.
The retracted choir, made up of three-eighths and a longitudinal axis, is semicircular on the inside. A flat plaster ceiling with a throat and cornice spans the room. There is a large arched window on both sides. The main entrance to the sacristy is at the front with round windows above. A round choir arch with pillar templates connects the choir with the nave .
The nave consists of a wide, rectangular hall space, which is spanned by a flat plastered ceiling with a wide throat and which has two window axes with arched windows on the sides. To the north, in the front axis, is a side entrance. The corners next to the choir arch are rounded off by quarter circles. The side altars are in it. The western end is formed by three round arched, two-story arcades , in which the organ on the upper floor is centered behind a wooden parapet with square balusters and cornices. The outer wall of the nave consists of plastered quarry stone masonry. The base, beams and corner pilaster strips made of exposed sandstone blocks structure the facade. The windows have smooth framing with wedge stones and grooved sills .
The western front is characterized by a three-axis single-tower facade. The church tower in the middle of the facade has a square floor plan and is framed by pilasters with Ionic capitals. In the middle of the tower is the arched main portal with side pilaster strips and above an entablature, above a segmental arched window. In the side panels framed by pilaster strips, high oval oculi with a smooth frame are arranged. Curved semi- gables with ball- knob- crowned parapet pillars form the upper end . On the first floor of the tower there is a sandstone statue of St. Joseph in a framed round arch niche . On the second floor there are round-arched, framed sound openings on all sides, above them dials of the tower clock. The tower has an eight-sided hood with a small onion tip, a pommel and a double- armed cross .
Furnishing
The free-standing main altar was created around 1756/59. It has a marbled wood structure; the altar panel shows a three-figure crucifixion group in oil on canvas. Above is a cartouche with the alliance coat of arms of those von Rotenhan and Truchsess von Wetzhausen . On the freestanding Stipes one in the stands Rococo designed rotary tabernacle . On the left of the altar there is a statue of St. Wolfgang , on the right one of St. Ottilie .
The side altars were created between 1749 and 1754 by Johann Thomas Wagner from Obertheres . They have over-cornered, marbled wooden structures. On the left Marian altar with the oil painting Maria Annunciation by Joseph Scheubel on the altar sheet are statues of Saints John the Baptist and John the Apostle . On the right altar with an oil painting of St. John Nepomuk there are statues of St. Charles Borromeo and Aquiline .
The richly furnished baroque pulpit on the left choir arch pillar is also a work by Johann Thomas Wagner. The cylindrical, wooden body on a chalice-shaped base is decorated with seated figures of the four evangelists with their attributes. In the middle between them sits Moses with the tablets of the law. The dove of the Holy Spirit adorns the sound cover from below. Above it is a statue of Christ, seated figures represent the Saints Peter , James and John.
The sandstone baptismal font , created around 1755, is decorated with relief decoration made of shell cartouches and climbing foliage. The round, chalice-shaped bowl is partially embedded in the north wall of the nave. On the decorated lid of the bowl there is a white-framed wooden statute group depicting the baptism of Christ by John . Behind them, pillars support a marbled wooden structure with two strong curly volutes as a border.
The ceiling painting Holy Family by the Staffelstein artist Hans Theodor Stengel from 1902 in the nave has an oval ceiling picture frame made of stucco with four indentations.
organ
The organ is located in a tower niche above the entrance. It was set up around 1902 by the Bayreuth organ builder Wolf & Sohn with six registers on a manual and pedal . The previous instrument had ten registers, construction time and builder are not known. The prospectus of the neo-baroque organ consists of three parts. It has rounded arches with curved cornices and applied carvings in Rococo style . The organ was restored in 2008 by the organ building workshop Christian Scheffler .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Lothar Hofmann: Monuments Region Coburg - Neustadt - Sonneberg: Places of contemplation and prayer. Historical sacred buildings. A guide through the churches in the districts of Coburg and Sonneberg. Verlag Gerätemuseum des Coburger Land, Ahorn 2007, ISBN 3-930531-04-6 , p. 54.
- ↑ website: History of the Church
- ^ A b c d Karl Ludwig Lippert: Bavarian art monuments, district Staffelstein. Deutscher Kunstverlag Munich 1968, p. 127 f.
- ^ Hermann Fischer, Theodor Wohnhaas: Alte Orgeln im Coburger Land, Part IV. Yearbook of the Coburg State Foundation 1980, p. 130.
Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 27.9 ″ N , 10 ° 52 ′ 44.8 ″ E