Baden City Theater

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Baden City Theater (2009); Theaterplatz (formerly: Auf der Burg , Theatergasse )
Half left: transition to the Batzenhäusel school extension, which was completely renovated in 2012
Old City Theater (around 1900)
Old City Theater (1908)
Redouten building (1799–1908; here: around 1900, seen from today's Kaiser-Franz-Ring), demolished during the construction work on today's theater
Theater kiosk (Theaterplatz 6; also: Kaiser-Franz-Ring 16), also completed in 1909 in the course of the new construction of the city theater next to its rear side; last restored in 2012/13 and provided with a wheelchair ramp (here: rear left)
Unworked design by Josef Hackhofer  & Moriz Hans Schieder, architectural competition 1898/99, 1st prize

The Stadttheater Baden is one of the theaters in Baden in Lower Austria and is organizationally part of the Baden stage . Michael Lakner has been the artistic director since May 2017 . Prior to this, the Austrian chamber singer Sebastian Reinthaller (2014-2016) and Robert Herzl (2005-2014) held this position. Operas, operettas, musicals and drama or spoken theater are given on the stage.

prehistory

The theater life in Baden has always been strongly promoted by the frequent visits of the imperial family. A permanent theater troupe can be followed in Baden since 1716. From 1770 the so-called Hellhammer barn was used for ongoing performances. At the beginning of July 1774, the actor and tenant of the barn, Johann Matthias Menninger , who came to Baden in 1760 , asked Emperor Josef II to have a comedy house built at his expense (as a replacement for the dilapidated barn) , which after twenty years would become more free Use would become the sole property of the city. The Baden magistrate, which years earlier had rejected a suggestion launched by Menninger that the city should build a new stage for financial reasons, also rejected the request submitted by the Emperor of Austria and decided to build a theater on its own. As early as 1775, the so-called Comoedien Hauß was built by the Italian architect Condini on today's Theaterplatz, part of Baden Castle, on behalf of the municipal council , its stage decoration and scenery by the history painter Mathäus Mutz (who was better paid for his work than the architect of the house) (* 1739 near Passau , † 1820/21 in Baden) were executed. The brick building, still covered with shingles , was a year older than the Teutsche Nationaltheater ( Burgtheater ) of Emperor Joseph II . Menninger was in charge of the stage until 1780, Karl Marinelli until 1785 , then Johann Georg Wilhelm until 1811.

Next to the theater , the theater entrepreneur Johann Georg Wilhelm erected the redoubt building (which existed until 1908), which was connected to the theater building, the main room of which, the salon (or redoubt hall ), was opened on September 20, 1801 and which was a convenience to the theater-goer next to the salon Various dining rooms and a billiard room offered.

In 1811 the theater was offered for sale to the public . Since no offer was received, it was bought by Franz Freiherr von Zinnique (1760–1832), a Brabant colonel, for 1,237 guilders Viennese currency for six years. Not least because of the poor state of construction, the new owner and director (1811–1818) had the house torn down in 1811. In the following year, a new theater was built according to plans by Joseph Kornhäusel (opening: May 9, 1812); it was named Das Hoftheater an der Schwechat . For a long time it was only played in summer in the spa town . A winter season was not added until 1867, and a new stage, stone stairs and gas lighting were installed.

According to Zinnique, the following were theater directors until 1844: Karl Friedrich Hensler (1818 to 1825), Leopold Hoch (1825–1835), Ignaz Sebastian and Johann Scheiner (1835–1837), Karl von Holtei (May – October 1835), and Franz Pokorny (1837 -1844).

This theater, which offered the only entertainment in the spa town, was also described by spa guests as a place of freedom .

From the documents of the archives of the city of Baden 250 pieces are documented for the period 1830–1848 (see: Vormärz ), the performance of which was prohibited by the censors .

History of the current house

The dilapidation, permanent risk of fire and a lack of hygiene forced, despite various structural adaptations (mainly indicated in the light of the ring theater fire ), the demolition of the 1200-seat Kornhäusel Theater and a new building at the same location. This was preceded by the municipality's initiative in 1898 to make one last major adaptation of the court theater . Since the state of Lower Austria would be reluctant to agree to the renovation of the dilapidated old building, the city council indicated its intention to start building a new building in the near future and underlined the seriousness of its intention with the announcement of a prominently judged architectural competition - none of the three award-winning submissions were awarded ever realized. The general repair , which should ultimately amount to 15,000 guilders, was approved, and only ten years later, on July 9, 1908, did the municipal council make the decision to build a new building.

Thus, the present building was (one-third of the construction costs supported by entertainment club , Baden Savings Bank and Baden Trabrennverein ) according to the plans of the hands-free commissioned office Fellner & Helmer after just ten months of construction on 2 October 1909 attended by Archduke Rainer opened. The originally intended name of the venue was Kaiser-Franz-Joseph-Jubiläums-Stadttheater . Since the Viennese court did not deal with the corresponding request, it was shortened to the Jubilee City Theater .

The Art Nouveau hall had a total of 816 seats on the ground floor and the two tiers. At the opening of the house, Beethoven's The Consecration of the House , which was composed in Baden , the enfeoffing scene from King Ottokar's Glück und Ende von Grillparzer, and Johann Strauss's Fledermaus, raised to an opera in 1894 , which, according to indications in the text, act in Baden, were played. This traditional program continues to this day for festive occasions.

During the Second World War , the theater was used almost constantly as the Niederdonau Gaubühne . It was not closed until August 31, 1944 by the Fiihrer's decree on total war effort (July 25, 1944) - with The Land of Smiles as a farewell performance. Immediately after the end of the war it was operated again by a working group of artists, whereby the occupation of the city of Baden by the Red Army , whose high command resided in Baden, made this operation more difficult.

In 1973 the Theaterplatz was redesigned as part of the expansion of the pedestrian zone.

To date, the theater has undergone complete exterior and interior renovations several times, especially on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the city of Baden in 1977 and 1978. The auditorium was also restored to its original appearance.

In the anniversary year 2009, some extensions were made, such as a new sound system, a new rehearsal room for the choir and other restorations. In 2017 the seating in the house was renewed.

Directors

literature

  • Paul Tausig:  The opening of the new theater. In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 80/1909, October 6, 1909, p. 2 ff. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  • Paul Tausig:  The oldest theater in Baden. (Part One). In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 69/1914, August 29, 1914, p. 1 ff. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  • A day in Baden; forty years ago . In: Franz Gräffer , Anton Schlossar (ed.): Small Viennese memoirs and Viennese cans . Volume 1. Müller, Munich 1918, pp. 112-123. - Full text online .
  • Alfred Kobl: Contributions to the chronicle of the theater in Baden . Publishing house of the association "Niederösterreichische Landesfreunde", Baden 1928, OBV .
  • Kurt Drescher (Ed.), Family Drescher: Forays in and around Baden - taking into account a lot of historical data . Drescher, Baden 1982.
  • Johann Kräftner (Ed.): In the shadow of the Weilburg. Bathing in Biedermeier. An exhibition by the municipality of Baden in Frauenbad from September 23, 1988 to January 31, 1989 . Grasl, Baden 1988, ISBN 3-85098-186-X .
  • Viktor Wallner : Baden theater stories . Neue Badener Blätter, Volume 1,2, ZDB -ID 2161928-1 . Society of Friends of Baden and Municipal Collections - Archive, Rollett Museum of the City of Baden, Baden 1990.
  • Viktor Wallner: The "Good Emperor Franz" and his "summer residence" Baden . Neue Badener Blätter, Volume 3, 4, ZDB-ID 2161928-1. Society of Friends of Baden and Municipal Collections - Archive, Rollett Museum of the City of Baden, Baden 1992.
  • Viktor Wallner: Kaiser, cures and commands. Baden from 1804–1918 . Society of Friends of Baden, Baden 1999, OBV .
  • 90 years of the Baden City Theater . In: Hans-Gerd Ramacher (Red.): Official news bulletin of the municipality of Baden . Volume 6.1999 (XLIV. Year), ZDB -ID 2384600-8 . City municipality, Baden 1999.
  • Otto Wolkerstorfer: Waltz bliss and everyday life. Bathing in the 2nd half of the 19th century . Grasl, Baden 1999, ISBN 3-85098-243-2 .
  • Heinz Pusitz : The new building of the Baden city theater. In: Water - Life - World Health Resort. Baden and the people of Baden. Exhibition catalog . Volume 1: 1900-1914 . Press Office of the City of Baden, Baden 2003, OBV .
  • Günther Konecny: 100 years of the Baden City Theater . In: Österreichische Theatertechnische Gesellschaft (Ed.): Prospect. Magazine for stage & event technology . Issue December 2009, ZDB -ID 2538148-9 . Producer magazine publisher Weichselbaum & Partner OEG, Vienna 2009. pp. 14–17. - Full text online (PDF file; 809 kB) .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Julius Böheimer: Streets and alleys in Baden near Vienna. Lexicon of streets, alleys, squares, paths, walkways, bridges . Grasl, Baden 1997, ISBN 3-85098-236-X , p. 112.
  2. ↑ a b Local News (…) Construction of the new city theater. In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 6/1899, January 21, 1899, p. 5. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt,
    Local news (...) About the theater. In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 9/1899, February 1, 1899, p. 3. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  3. ↑ a b Drescher: Streifzüge , p. 141.
  4. ^ Tausig: The oldest theater in Baden. (Part I) .
  5. ^ Communal newspaper. Historical considerations on the theater building (a reminder call). In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 36/1908, May 2, 1908, p. 2 f. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  6. ^ Tina Lipsky: Baden, Austria. City Theater . In: Gerhard M. Dienes (ed.): Fellner & Helmer. The architects of illusion. Theater construction and stage design in Europe. On the occasion of the “100 Years of Graz Opera” anniversary . Stadtmuseum Graz, Graz 1999, ISBN 3-900764-21-2 , p. 132.
  7. ^ Tausig: The oldest theater in Baden. (Part II) .
  8. ↑ Gräffer: One day in Baden , p. 427 f. - online .
  9. ↑ Gräffer: One day in Baden , p. 427 - online .
  10. ↑ a b Kobl: Articles , p. 68.
  11. ↑ a b c Wallner: Kaiser, Kuren und Kommandos , p. 70.
  12. ↑ Gräffer: One day in Baden , p. 428 f. - online .
  13. ^ Wallner: Badener Theaterg'schichten , p. 4.
  14. ^ F (riedrich) Arnold Mayer : censorship files from Baden near Vienna . In: Hans Devrient (Ed.): Archive for Theater History , Volume I, Fleischel, Berlin 1904, pp. 17–42. - Full text online .
  15. ↑ Opening of the city theater. In:  Badener Bezirks-Blatt , No. 84/1882, October 21, 1882, p. 2 f. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bbb,
    E. B .:  Voices from the audience. Dear Mr. Editor !. In:  Badener Bezirks-Blatt , No. 97/1882, December 5, 1882, p. 3. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bbb.
  16. ↑ Kräftner: Im Schatten der Weilburg , p. 196.
  17. ↑ a b 20 years anniversary city theater. In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 79/1929, October 2, 1929, p. 2 f. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  18. ^ Wallner: Badener Theaterg'schichten , p. 24.
  19. ^ Wallner: Badener Theaterg'schichten , p. 25.
  20. ^ Tausig: The opening of the new theater , p. 3, top right.
  21. ↑ Hildegard Hnatek, Rudolf Maurer: The waltz king in Baden. (...) Does the "bat" play in Baden? In: Wolkerstorfer: Walzerseligkeit and everyday life , p. 198 f.
  22. ^ Reichsgesetzblatt, Part 1, No. 1944/34. In:  Deutsches Reichsgesetzblatt I , year 1944, p. 161 f. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / dra.
  23. ^ NC:  Theater. In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 70/1944 (LXV. Year), September 2, 1944, p. 3, top left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  24. ↑ Michael Lakner becomes head of the Baden stage . In: noe.orf.at , March 9, 2016, accessed April 10, 2016.

Remarks

  1. ↑ The road crossing, which was designed as a bridge construction, was to establish the walking connection to the Batzenhäusel restoration, which was also newly built or rebuilt and still exists today, as requested by the client . An initially planned symmetrical variant that spanned the theater in the middle was not implemented (probably for reasons of cost). - Wallner: Badener Theaterg'schichten , p. 26.
  2. ↑ At the time of the opening of the theater, popular parlance gave the transition the nickname Bridge of Sighs . - Tausig: The opening of the new theater , p. 4.
    The sarcastic name reflects the resigned criticism of the public at the community committee , which approved the annex to the parish school, which was perceived as unsuccessful and resembling a sliced pie .
  3. ↑ The building was significantly expanded in 1817, in particular one floor was added. There are no images of the original condition. - Kräftner: In the shadow of the Weilburg , p. 195.
  4. ↑ In the specifications for the building supplementing the city theater, a larger extension was prohibited. - Wallner: Badener Theaterg'schichten , p. 26.
    In July 1919 a grocery store was opened in the building. - See: Opening announcement (...). In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 59/1919, July 23, 1919, p. 4 above. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  5. ↑ His successor after Leopold II , Franz II./I. , spent [most] summers in Baden from 1792 to 1834. - Wallner: The "Good Emperor Franz" , passim .
  6. ↑ Dimensions of the salon: 21.8 m long, 13.3 m wide, 8.5 m high.
  7. ↑ Zinnique (also: Zinnicq), who lost a leg in the battle of Charleroi , played a major role as a talented composer in Viennese society . From 1813 to 1816, he directed the Baden Summer Theater as well as the Preßburg theater . - See: Gräffer: One day in Baden , p. 429 f. - online .
  8. ↑ On August 9, 1832, not far from the center of Baden, Crown Prince Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated with a pistol. Although the attack had relatively minor consequences for the later Emperor of Austria, the incident caused the city to noticeably emigrate from court society and financially strong guests. In July 1833, Emperor Franz I was still present at the performance of Calderón's comedy Confusion upon Confusion , visits and income at Hoch's stage declined significantly, and the contract ended in 1835. Hoch, although director of the house since 1825, was a hobby often the position in the prompter's box was taken, made this preference, at least for some time after the departure of Baden, to its acquisition Occupation: he soufflé in the time still in the Lenaugasse , Vienna- Josefstadt , domiciled Pasqualati -Haustheater, one of three Dilettanten- Vienna's stages. - See: —mm—:  Experienced and retold from the theater world. II. Prompter stories: a director as a prompter. - A toto effect in the Pasqualati theater. In:  Neues Fremd -Blatt , Morgenblatt, No. 66/1869 (5th year), March 7, 1869, p. 13 (unpaginated). (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfb. - Proof of the theater attendance of Emperor Franz I .: E. P .: Notes. Correspondence messages. Baden, July 1833 . In: The collector. An entertainment sheet . July 23, 1833, XXV. Volume (1833). Strauss's blessed widow, Vienna 1833, p. 352, online (→ Fig. 366/650) .
    From April to August 1834, together with his wife Theresia, Hoch was an ambitious but unsuccessful tenant and director of the theater in der Josefstadt . - Anton Bauer: The theater in the Josefstadt in Vienna . Manutiuspresse, Vienna (among others) 1957, OBV , p. 70.
  9. ↑ In the last performance in the old building, on May 3, 1908, Paul Lindau's Die Erste ( play in four acts ) was given. - Wallner: Badener theater stories , p. 27.
  10. ^ Oberbaurat Fellner was an advisor in the theater committee founded in 1906 . The planning mandate is likely to have developed from this position. - Wallner: Badener Theaterg'schichten , p. 26.
  11. ↑ In the architectural competition of 1898/99, 850–900 places were given. - See: Rudolf Krausz (1872–1928), Josef Tölk (1861–1927):  Stadttheater für Baden. In:  Der Architekt , born 1899, 5th year, p. 20. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / arc.
  12. ↑ On September 4, 1876, Johann Strauss conducted Die Fledermaus in the Baden City Theater for the benefit of those who were injured in a large fire in Sooss . - Hildegard Hnatek, Rudolf Maurer: The Waltz King in Baden . In: Wolkerstorfer: Walzerseligkeit and everyday life , p. 194.
  13. ↑ The Gaubühne orchestra gave its farewell concert on August 30th as the spa orchestra . - See: Baden city news. (...) Farewell concert by the spa band. In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 70/1944 (LXV. Year), September 2, 1944, p. 2, bottom right. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.

Coordinates: 48 ° 0 ′ 34.5 "  N , 16 ° 14 ′ 6.9"  E