Freiburg Theater
The Freiburg Theater (partly also Stadttheater Freiburg , formerly the Städtische Bühnen Freiburg ) is the oldest and largest theater in the city of Freiburg im Breisgau . It is located on the edge of Freiburg's old town on the corner of Bertoldstraße and Platz der Alten Synagoge . The building combines four venues under one roof: the big house, the small house, the chamber stage and the workshop. In the winter foyer there are also readings by authors such as the Litera Tour , current lecture evenings such as the School Dreams series and chamber concerts . The theater is called since September 2005 Eigenbetrieb out. The annual budget is largely financed by the city and the state of Baden-Württemberg and comprises around 32 million euros (as of 2019). The number of visitors is around 190,000 per season.
history
The origin of the professional theater in Freiburg is in the visit of Marie Antoinette in May 1770 on the occasion of her bridal train , for which the country stands the troupe Korn'sche theater company dedicated. The performances took place in the theater of the Jesuits' grammar school Academicum, later the Berthold grammar school . The Rombach bookstore is located on the site of the destroyed building, which became the first Freiburg university library after the grammar school moved .
The Freiburg government of Upper Austria allowed the drama troupe to give further performances in the Kornhaus on Münsterplatz. From then on, the Commoedihaus was played by theatrical troupes passing through. After the Jesuit College was abolished in 1773, the Kornhaus received a new stage with furnishings and backdrops from the same place in 1785, as well as a small auditorium with parquet and tiers. Mozart's Abduction from the Seraglio was performed in 1793, followed a year later by Die Zauberflöte .
The Kornhaus was used until the first decades of the 19th century, but its rooms increasingly turned out to be unsuitable for a “modern” theater business. So it was decided to use the church of the empty Augustinian hermit monastery for the theater. The architect Christoph Arnold was commissioned to convert the building accordingly. In 1823 the theater could be started there. In 1866 the “Privileged Theater” was taken over by the city by a resolution of the municipal council. The first season of the now “Municipal Theater” opened with Lessing's Emilia Galotti .
Today's theater building was built under Mayor Otto Winterer from 1905 according to plans by the Berlin architect Heinrich Seeling on the site of the former “Dauphin” bastion of Vauban's city fortifications in a neo-baroque style. The building sculpture on the building was modeled in plaster by Hermann Feuerhahn and executed by six Freiburg sculptors. These were Julius Seitz , his students Louis Granget , Theodor Hengst and August Müssle as well as Ludwig Kubanek and Albert Mayer , the latter from Berlin. The building was opened on October 8, 1910 with the performance of Wallenstein's Lager by Friedrich Schiller and the "Festwiese" from Richard Wagner's Meistersinger von Nürnberg .
During the First World War , theater operations were initially reduced and finally ended on September 14, 1915. The theater on the south side was hit in a bomb attack on April 14, 1917. Game operations were resumed in January 1919.
In 1936 a new venue, the Kammerspiele , was opened with a performance of the play Der Brandner Kasper looks into paradise by Joseph Maria Lutz . In the summer of 1939, Joseph Schlippe , the head of the municipal building department, completely redesigned the auditorium according to the taste of the time: the Art Nouveau stucco was largely removed, the entire room should appear in a simple style.
Like all German theaters, the Freiburg theater was closed on September 1, 1944. A little later, in the course of the bombing raids on Freiburg in November 1944, the theater was massively damaged. However, gaming operations were resumed as early as October 1945; the first piece was Nathan the Wise by Lessing. The game was played in halls that were not destroyed in the city center and the Wiehre . The Kammerspiele got a new venue in the Wiehre in 1946. The actual theater building was rebuilt after the Second World War under Lord Mayor Hoffmann - the Lord Mayor personally promoted the reconstruction through his own piano concerts and also raised an amount of 120,000 DM to finance the reconstruction. In December 1949, the Great House was reopened with a performance of Richard Wagner's Mastersingers of Nuremberg . In the lower area of the building, which was only rebuilt in a simplified manner, the two cinemas, Kamera (today Winterer Foyer) and crank (today Small House), opened - this commercial use was also intended to finance the reconstruction. In 1958 the Kammerspiele in the Wiehre was given up, but the Kammertheater with Max Frischs Biedermann and the arsonists opened in the theater building .
During the first renovation in 1962, a rehearsal stage was built under the roof. The characteristic and preserved Art Nouveau display gable was removed. In 1970 the camera was moved inside the building and another stage, the podium , was installed in its rooms . In 1973 Horst Antes designed a mural with enamel paints on metal plates on the gigantic western front of the theater, which is still provisional. With the renovation and modernization between 1996 and 1998, the crank was also closed, in whose rooms the small house was set up as a theater. For this purpose, an extension was added to the west side of the building, which is used by the Cinemaxx cinemas. The work of art by Antes had to be removed for this and has been stored since then, broken down into individual parts.
In the summer of 2004, the Freiburg municipal council appointed Barbara Mundel to succeed Amelié Niermeyer , who ran the house from 2002 to 2005. Mundel's tenure began after an interim season in the 2006/2007 season. In the eleven years of its work in Freiburg, the theater attracted attention several times in the context of the survey by the specialist magazine Die deutsche Bühne in the category of "remarkable theater work beyond the major centers". Mundel's main concern was to open up the city theater as an institution to the city and to expand the program to include current social issues. The general question in the program of the first few years was: "In what future do we want to live?" Another focus was the expansion of the offers for children and young people, which in 2009 led to the establishment of the "Young Theater" division.
From October 8, 2010, a large lettering with "Heart of the City" protruded over the entrance portals to the theater, with which the interrelationships between city and theater were to be underlined. At night the individual letters glowed in such a way that "Heart" and "Art" (art) could be read alternately. The lettering was removed in 2017 as part of the change of direction.
Around 30 premieres were presented in the 2010/11 season, and hundreds of performances are available each year.
In the summer of 2012, the first of two sections to renovate the stage technology began. a. the manual counter-pulls are replaced by more modern technology. Since October 2013 there has been an elevator from the Theaterpassage to the 2nd tier. The second phase began in March 2014 with the move of the Great House to a mobile theater hall on the Ganter area in Oberau for four months . The Little House was also closed for the duration of the renovation due to the building noise. The chamber stage and work room remained open. Due to financial difficulties at the stage technology company Trekwerk, the renovation could not be completed on schedule and the opening of the 2014/15 season had to be postponed by six weeks. The theater demanded damages from Trekwerk in the amount of the additional costs of half a million euros, later 410,000 euros, of which Trekwerk reimbursed 267,000 euros after an agreement.
The green spaces in front of the theater were used for urban horticulture under the direction of choreographer Graham Smith from 2012 until the redesign of the Old Synagogue square in 2017 . The urban garden around the theater has now completely disappeared.
In the summer of 2017, the theater was brought before the labor court by three stage technicians. They had been classified as artistic staff, not technicians. Therefore, they were only employed on a temporary basis and were not given a permanent contract under the public service collective agreement. The theater went into the revision, which is now being heard before the regional labor court. Its judgment may have nationwide consequences for theaters.
In September 2017, Peter Carp , who previously headed the Oberhausen Theater, took over the Freiburg Theater as artistic director. At a press conference in May 2017, he presented the schedule for his first season 2017/18 and his new management team. In addition to chief dramaturge Rüdiger Bering, Tatjana Beyer (music theater), Adriana Almeida Pees (dance) and Michael Billenkamp (drama) will shape the artistic signature of the house. The Junge Theater will continue to be run by Michael Kaiser , who has been responsible for the Freiburg children's and youth division since 2006.
At the start of the 2017/2018 season, the previous lettering was removed from the facade and finally replaced by "Theater Freiburg" in the style of the new corporate design. As a sign of diversity and acceptance, the letters shone on the weekend of 23/24. June 2018 for Christopher Street Day (CSD) Freiburg 2018 in rainbow colors.
In March 2019, new exterior lighting was put into operation in the building. It cost the city 220,000 euros and, depending on the occasion, can also illuminate the building in color. The LED technology should reduce electricity costs by 50% compared to the old one.
Content
The Freiburg Theater is a multi-discipline house with an opera and drama ensemble. The dance division works without its own ensemble and instead invites productions from all over the world to the Breisgau. There is also the Junge Theater (motto: You have to live your change ), the choir and the Philharmonic Orchestra , which, in addition to the opera, gives concerts in the Great House and in the neighboring concert hall .
The Werkraum is an open studio for the young theater and a theater laboratory for the questions and topics of our time. Examples are the family conference , a research project devoted to the subject of upbringing over a period of over a hundred years, or Käpt'n Analog und die digital Natives , a multi-generational theater project that dealt with the transition from the analogue to the digital age.
In the Kammerbühne, political issues were in the foreground during Barbara Mundel's directorship until 2017. The Fortress Europe is negotiated there from different perspectives. Various events and theater formats deal with questions such as: Who decides who is allowed to live here? What are we talking about when we talk about Europe? Who is it?
Directors
|
|
Venues
| Places | place | |
|---|---|---|
| Large house | 880 | Bertoldstrasse |
| Small house | 260 | |
| Chamber stage | 75 | |
| Winterer foyer | 200 | |
| Workroom | 100 | |
| Concert hall | 1660 | Bismarckallee |
Visitor communities
There have been visitor communities since 1949. 50 confidants from the surrounding area, from Ortenau to the Upper Rhine and the Black Forest, organize joint theater visits by bus. Once a year there is a meeting between the theater management and confidants. In 2019, almost 2,000 subscribers were organized in visitor communities; in the mid-1980s there were 7,100. The decline can be explained by the increase in cultural events in rural areas and the individualization of society.
See also
literature
- Johanna Flawia Figiel: Art Nouveau in Freiburg . Freiburg 1999, ISBN 3-933056-32-2 , p. 92 ff .: The city theater: The integration of Art Nouveau elements in a building of late historicism.
- Sabine Frigge (Ed.): Strangely enough, peas always play a role in the Woyzeck. Theater stories and theater history. 100 years of Freiburg Theater. Freiburg 2010.
- Georg Giesebrecht: Firmly anchored in the city. City theater celebrates 100 years of existence. (PDF; 314 kB) in: Chili , September 2010.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans Schadek: Freiburg. then - yesterday - today. The city through the last 100 years . 2nd Edition. Steinkopf, Kiel 2004, ISBN 3-7984-0771-1 , p. 117 .
- ^ A b Peter Kalchthaler: Freiburg: Much theater around today's museum. Badische Zeitung, September 20, 2010, accessed on April 25, 2017 .
- ↑ Frank Zimmermann: Freiburg: Kulturgeschichte: 150 years ago the Freiburg theater passed into municipal hands. Badische Zeitung, September 2, 2016, accessed on September 2, 2016 .
- ↑ a b Peter Kalchthaler, Freiburg und seine Bauten , Freiburg 1991, p. 48 ff.
- ↑ Michael Klant: Forgotten sculptors. In: Sculpture in Freiburg. Volume 2: 19th Century Art in Public Space. Modo, Freiburg 2000, ISBN 3-922675-77-8 , pp. 164-172, in particular pp. 172 f.
- ↑ Giesebrecht, p. 13
- ^ Badische Zeitung, special supplement “Hundert Jahre Theater Freiburg” from October 8, 2010
- ↑ Martin Flashar, Horst Antes on his 75th birthday ( memento of the original from June 5, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.7 MB) , KulturJoker Freiburg, October 2011, accessed on October 14, 2011
- ↑ Nachtkritik.de: There is only agreement in anger. July 29, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2017 .
- ^ Jürgen Reuss: Operations on the open heart of the city. Nachtkritik.de, September 12, 2013, accessed May 26, 2017 .
- ↑ Peter Heuberger: Barbara MUNDEL (Director Theater Freiburg): “In what future do we want to live?” Online Merker, December 2013, accessed on May 26, 2017 .
- ^ Mundel remains the artistic director of the Freiburg theater. Badische Zeitung, July 27, 2009, accessed on May 26, 2017 .
- ↑ Gina Kutkat: New theater director wants to exchange "Heart of the city" lettering. Fudder, September 6, 2017, accessed July 19, 2018 .
- ^ Frank Zimmermann: Freiburg: The theater is finally barrier-free - new elevator inaugurated. Badische Zeitung, October 25, 2013, accessed on September 2, 2016 .
- ^ Frank Zimmermann: Freiburg: Three percent fewer visitors to the Freiburg Theater. Badische Zeitung, September 21, 2013, accessed on September 2, 2016 .
- ^ Frank Zimmermann: Freiburg: Stage renovation: Construction delays: Theater demands half a million euros from the company. Badische Zeitung, May 26, 2015, accessed on September 2, 2016 .
- ^ Frank Zimmermann: Freiburg: Expensive delay: After additional costs: Theater Freiburg and stage technology agree on a comparison. Badische Zeitung, June 10, 2016, accessed on September 2, 2016 .
- ^ Claudia Förster: Freiburg: Free Beets: No more "urban gardening" in front of the Freiburg City Theater. Badische Zeitung, April 18, 2017, accessed on April 18, 2017 .
- ↑ Badische Zeitung: The beds in front of the city theater are empty - conclusion after the big excavation - Freiburg - fudder.de. Retrieved August 27, 2020 .
- ↑ Julia Littmann: Economy: Freiburg's theater loses before the labor court. Badische Zeitung, June 13, 2017, accessed on June 13, 2017 .
- ↑ Bettina Schulte, Alexander Dick: Theater: Peter Carp: New director presents the program at the Freiburg Theater. Badische Zeitung, May 12, 2017, accessed on May 16, 2017 .
- ↑ The Freiburg Theater shines in a new light - www.freiburg.de. Retrieved March 22, 2019 .
- ^ Badische Zeitung: Adriana Almeida Pees relies on dance as body art - Theater - Badische Zeitung. Retrieved August 27, 2020 .
- ^ Gabriele Fässler: Communities from the surrounding area have been visiting the Freiburg theater for 70 years. Badische Zeitung, June 14, 2019, accessed on June 14, 2019 .
- ↑ VISITOR COMMUNITIES - Theater Freiburg. Retrieved June 14, 2019 .
Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 44.1 ″ N , 7 ° 50 ′ 42.6 ″ E