Stepan Dmitrievich Nechayev
Stepan Dmitrievich Nechaev ( Russian Степан Дмитриевич Нечаев * July 18 . Jul / 29. July 1792 greg. In Polibino, Ujesd Danków , † September 5 jul. / 17th September 1860 greg. ) Was a Russian imperial official, poet , Historian and patron .
Life
Nechayev's parents were the rich landlord of Polibino and aristocratic marshal of Ujesd Dankow Dmitri Stepanowitsch Nechayev (1742-1820) and Anna Ivanovna von Sievers (1764-1834). He received a home education. With a certificate from Moscow University , he began his service in the College of Foreign Affairs in 1811 . After three months he was transferred to the chancellery of the Riga military governor Prince Jakow Lobanow-Rostowski , where he stayed until the end of 1812. He entered a secret Masonic Society .
In 1814 Nechayev became honorary supervisor of the Skopin school. In 1816 he joined the Society for History and Antiquities at Moscow University, of which he became a real member in 1823. From 1817 to 1823 he was director of the Tula Governorate school and grammar school there. In Tula he opened a lancaster school , four boarding schools and several other schools. In 1820 he became a member of the Society of Friends of Russian Literature .
In 1824 Nechayev came to the Moscow military governor Prince Dmitri Golitsyn to take on special tasks. There he worked a lot for various charities in Moscow and on the committee for the examination of petitions. He was close to the Decembrists and was friends with Mikhail Bestuschew-Ryumin , Sergei Murawjow-Apostol , Wilhelm Küchelbecker and Kondrati Rylejew .
In 1826 Nechayev was assigned to Count Alexander Stroganov to investigate the division of the Perm governorate . In 1827 he came to the imperial chancellery in St. Petersburg . In 1828 he married Sofja Sergejewna Malzowa (1803-1836), daughter of the cornet and entrepreneur Sergei Malzow .
On December 1, 1828, Nechayev moved to the office of the chief procurator of the Holy Synod thanks to the help of Prince Alexander Golitsyn and his wife's uncle, the chief procurator of the Holy Synod Pyotr Meshchersky . The following year Nechayev became a member of the College of Spiritual Schools. This developed a close relationship with the Moscow Metropolitan Philaret Drozdov . In 1831 he became a Real Councilor of State (fourth rank ) and in 1833 Chief Procuror of the Holy Synod as successor to Pyotr Meshchersky. Under him, order was brought to the Synod Archives and state control of the finances of the spiritual authority was introduced. He also succeeded in establishing a surveillance of the church administration in the eparchies of Penza , Moscow and others.
In 1836 Nechayev took a leave of absence to travel to his wife, who was sick with consumption on the south coast of the Crimea , who died soon afterwards. Meanwhile, dissatisfied Synod members, with the help of the Imperial Chamberlain Andrei Muravjow, submitted a petition to the Emperor to recall Nechayev and appoint Count Nikolai Protasov as chief procurator of the Holy Synod, which was immediately granted. Nechayev was appointed privy councilor (third class) and senator .
Nechayev held various honorary positions in many Moscow charities. In his youth he had already been active in literature with poetry publications in Karamsins Westnik Jewropy (Messenger of Europe) 1816 and other magazines. He studied the medieval history of Russia and published a number of essays on the battle of the Kulikowo Pole and on his finds of old weapons in the fields of his Polibino estate. In his opinion, the legendary Kulikowo Pole of medieval sources was located here. He organized the erection of a 30 m high Kulikowo column, which was carried out by Alexander Brjullow (1848-1850). He raised funds for the Church of Sergius of Radonezh on the Kulikowo Pole. In his castle in Polibino he housed the collection of antiquities related to the battle of the Kulikowo Pole. This made the castle the first museum dedicated to the battle on Kulikowo Pole.
In 1856 Nechayev became a real privy councilor (second rank). In 1857 he said goodbye for health reasons.
Nechayev was buried next to his wife in Moscow's Novodevichy Cemetery. The grave fell victim to the cemetery cleanups in the 1930s.
Nechayev left behind four children: Dmitri, Sofya, Anna and Yuri . Yuri was Ivan Malzov's nephew and heir , so he then took the name Nechayev-Malzow. At the All-Russian Industrial and Crafts Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod in 1896, he bought the steel lattice tower, which is still admirable today, the world's first hyperboloid construction by the important engineer Vladimir Grigoryevich Shukhov , which he had erected in Polibino behind the Nechayev Castle. In 1974 the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR declared Nechayev Castle with its lattice tower, pond and horse stable to be an architectural monument under the protection of the government.
Nechayev's sister Theodosia Dmitrijewna (1795-1850) was married to the writer Stepan Schicharew .
Honors
- Order of St. Vladimir III. class
- Russian Order of Saint Anne I. Class
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Нечаев, Степан Дмитриевич. In: Русский биографический словарь . St. Petersburg, Moscow 1918.
- ↑ a b c Нечаев Степан Дмитриевич К 215-летию со дня рождения ( Memento of the original from August 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on August 15, 2017).
- ↑ a b Степан Нечаев (accessed August 15, 2017).
- ↑ a b Благовидов Ф. В .: Обер-прокуроры Святейшего синода в XVIII и в первой половине XIX столетия . 2nd Edition. Kazan 1900, p. 400-417 ( rsl.ru [accessed August 14, 2017]).
- ↑ Alexandra Klimenko: A patron and engineer asks for help . In: Zeitschrift Geschichte No. 17, 2009 (Russian, accessed September 8, 2015)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Nechayev, Stepan Dmitrievich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Нечаев, Степан Дмитриевич (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian imperial official, poet, historian and patron |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 29, 1792 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Polibino, Ujesd Dankow |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 17, 1860 |
| Place of death | Polibino, Ujesd Dankow |