Salzburg tram

Salzburg tram
Car 1 of the Salzburg tram, taken in 1938 at the main train station
Route length:	2.95 km
Gauge :	1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Power system :	800 volts  =
Minimum radius :	15 m
Top speed:	20 km / h
Dual track :	Local train station – Mirabellplatz
Legend from Lamprechtshausen Salzkammergut local train from Bad Ischl railway station Elisabethstrasse Rosenheim – Salzburg railway line Five house Kurhaus Mirabellplatz Makartplatz Bazaar Sauterbogen Space State bridge over the Salzach Rathausbogen Town Hall Square Old Market , formerly Churfürstenstrasse Ritzerbogen Universitätsplatz, formerly the study building Sigmundsplatz Winter riding school Neutor (131 m) Neutor, formerly Reichenhaller Strasse Fürstenbrunnstrasse, formerly Leopoldskronstrasse Neutorstrasse, formerly Riedenburger Strasse Savings bank Mozartplatz Fortress railway Kajetanerplatz Inner Nonntal to Berchtesgaden

The Salzburg tram was a standard-gauge tram in the Austrian city ​​of Salzburg . It existed from 1887 to 1940 and was replaced by the Salzburg trolleybus, which still operates today .

history

Horse tram

A summer horse-drawn carriage in front of the Café Bazar, taken in the penultimate year of operation, 1907

Horse train ticket

The railway line to Drachenloch already existed in the Salzburg city center from 1886 . It was operated by the Salzburg Railway and Tramway Company (SETG) and expanded to Hangender Stein in 1907 and linked to the railway line to Berchtesgaden .

One year later, the SETG used part of the infrastructure of the local railway , which was initially operated as a steam tram , to set up a horse-drawn tram . Initially, it only served as a reinforcement for the local railway and from October 15, 1887 - in addition to the steam trains - commuted on the 1.5-kilometer-long section of the local train station - Bazar . This route initially led through Rainerstraße, turned right at Max-Ott-Platz into Markus-Sittikus-Straße, and finally followed the right bank of the Salzach in a southerly direction.

On August 4, 1892, the horse-drawn tram got its first own route. In order to open up the old town on the left of the Salzach , the cars coming from the direction of the local train station turned right after the bazaar onto the Staatsbrücke , then turned left onto Rudolfskai and right onto Klampferergasse, across Ludwig-Viktor-Platz (where there was a turnout) to reach the provisional terminus at Mozartplatz .

Already on August 17, 1892, the extension from Mozartplatz via Kaigasse and Kajetanerplatz to Rudolfsplatz in the Inner Nonntal followed . There was again a connection to the local railway in the direction of St. Leonhard-Drachenloch.

The last horse-drawn tram line went into operation on May 1, 1893, a short branch line from Mozartplatz via Kapitelplatz to the valley station of the fortress railway, which opened in 1892 . Apart from their regular routes, the horse-drawn trams also ran on the local railway branch to Salzburg- Parsch at times . This was the case in 1893 and between 1895 and 1902.

After the first project for the construction of an electric tram already existed in 1905, the start of construction finally heralded the end of the horse-drawn tram in 1908. This last operated on September 30, 1908.

Electric tram

Model of a Salzburg tram train

Electric light rail ticket

After a seven-month conversion phase, the new electric tram went into operation on May 4, 1909. Like the local railway, which was electrified two months later, the tram used DC voltage of 800 volts. The electric tram was also operated by the SETG, but unlike the horse-drawn tram, this was only done on behalf of the city administration, which was the concession holder .

During the electrification, the tram also got its own route in the old town on the right of the Salzach - largely independent of the local railway. The electric already separated from the local railway on Max-Ott-Platz and remained in Rainerstraße. Via Mirabellplatz - this is where the double-track section beginning at the local train station ended -, Dreifaltigkeitsgasse and Makartplatz , she reached the provisional terminus at Linzer Gasse Platzl .

On July 3, 1909, the extension into the left-hand old town followed. After the Platzl, the tram first crossed the local railway at right angles to shortly afterwards reach the northern bridgehead of the state bridge and thus the existing line of the horse-drawn tram. This she followed up to the Old Market, where the end of the electric line was for a few years.

During the First World War , a new line to the Riedenburg district was built in three sections :

• 1915: Alter Markt – Churfürststraße – Ritzerbogen – Universitätsplatz – Sigmundsplatz (today Herbert-von-Karajan-Platz)
• March 1, 1916: Sigmundsplatz - Neutor - Neutorstrasse / Fürstenbrunnstrasse
• November 29, 1916: Neutorstrasse / Fürstenbrunnstrasse – Neutorstrasse / Bayernstrasse

The terminus in Neutorstraße was between the confluence of Bayernstraße and the confluence of Anton-Hochmuth-Straße. Furthermore, a short branch track branched off from Sigmundsplatz into Hofstallgasse. This led to the Winter Riding School - later the Small Festival Hall - and originally served military purposes. The prerequisite for the extension of the electrical line was a conversion of the track system on the Alter Markt, where instead of the terminal point - it was located at Café Tomaselli - from now on there was a siding . In summer, the track between local railway station, Sigmund place in the 4.5-minute perverse cycle , the remaining distance to the Riedenburg, however, was operated only every nine minutes. Outside the summer season they drove every seven and a half minutes. The travel time over the total distance of 2.95 kilometers was 15 minutes. The vehicles were housed in the local railway depot in Itzling on the route to Lamprechtshausen .

Because the cars of the electric tram were painted yellow, from then on they also spoke of the yellow electric . This was done in contrast to the red painted vehicles of the local railway, which was appropriately called Red Electric . An alternative name for the Salzburg tram was Stadtbahn , and the vehicles were also marked with the Salzburger Stadtbahn . In the vernacular, however, one spoke of the raging egg dish . However , the tram never had a line number .

In 1927 a cinema owner and a neighboring innkeeper in Maxglan offered the city the financing of a 650-meter-long extension to its cinema. The city would only have had to strengthen the bridge over the Almkanal , which it was unable to do. During the Second World War , the tram was shut down in three sections and replaced by the first trolleybus line in Salzburg, which also enabled Maxglan to be connected:

last day of operation	set section	Replacement by trolleybus line M
September 25, 1940	Sigmundsplatz – Neutorstrasse / Bayernstrasse	Sigmundsplatz – Maxglan from October 1, 1940
October 24, 1940	Platzl – Sigmundsplatz	Makartplatz – Sigmundsplatz from October 24, 1940
November 5, 1940	Local train station – Platzl	Hauptbahnhof – Makartplatz from November 10, 1940

In contrast to the tram, the trolleybus was operated by the municipal transport company in Salzburg , which was founded especially for this purpose . The local railway ran through the right old town until 1953, but was then also shut down. The northern local railway line to Lamprechtshausen, however, is still in operation today; it belongs to Salzburg AG today .

vehicles

The horse tram were a total of seven cars available, including two closed and four summer car from Graz carriage and wagon Fabriks AG and a saloon car from the kk country authorized Maschinenfabrik and Wagenbauanstalt John Spiering from Vienna . The electric had eleven railcars :

• five from MAN (1 to 5, built in 1909)
• four from Maschinen- und Waggonbau Fabriks AG Simmering (6 to 9, years of construction 1912 and 1916)
• two from Grazer Wagen- und Waggonfabriks AG (10 and 11, built in 1926)

The electrical equipment for all motor vehicles came from Siemens . They were subsequently supplemented by five sidecars (101 to 105, built in 1920) which also came from Simmering. In addition, a tower car was available without a number.

literature

• Alois Fuchs: Salzburgs Nahverkehr , Verlag A. Winter, Salzburg 1986, ISBN 3-85380-053-X .
• Gunter Mackinger : The Salzburg Local Railway Yesterday This Morning , Salzburger Stadtwerke, Salzburg 1996.

Web links

• The Salzburg tram at www.regionale-schienen.at
• Data sheet of the reconstructed railcar 4 of the Salzburg Stadtbahn (PDF; 942 kB)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ based on the local train station – Neutorstraße route of the electric tram
2. ↑ The Gaisbergbahn at www.schmalspur-europa.at
3. ↑ ^{a b} The Salzburg tram on www.pospichal.net
4. ↑ Salzburg-Berchtesgaden electric train . In: Walter Reichel (ed.): Electric power companies and railways . Volume VI, Issue 6. R. Oldenbourg, February 24, 1908, p. 111 f . ( archive.org ).
5. ^ Electric railways in Berchtesgadener Land . In: Electrical engineering and mechanical engineering . Volume XXVI, Issue 40. Vienna October 4, 1908, p. 863 ( onb.ac.at ).
6. ^ Announcement of the Ministry of Railways of December 30th, 1908, regarding the concession of a normal-gauge small railway to be operated with electric power in the area of ​​the state capital Salzburg . In: Reichsgesetzblatt . Born in 1908. Vienna December 30, 1908, p. 898 ( onb.ac.at ).
7. ↑ Announcement of the Ministry of Railways of January 17, 1915, concerning the concession of a normal-gauge small railway line to be operated with electric power in Salzburg from Ludwig Viktor-Platz through the Neutor to Riedenburgstraße . In: Reichsgesetzblatt . Born in 1915. Vienna January 27, 1915, p. 27 ( onb.ac.at ).
8. ↑ ^{a b} The Salzburg tram at www.regionale-schienen.at
9. ↑ About the local railway - Salzburger Lokalbahn on www.salzburg-ag.at

Coordinates: 47 ° 47 ′ 58.5 "  N , 13 ° 2 ′ 30.2"  E