Telegraph force

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Telegraph operators in the American Civil War, 1865
German soldiers building lines in the First World War

Telegraph troops were used to build and disrupt telegraph systems during the war . The telegraph force, which was set up in Prussia from 1830 within the New Prussian engineer battalions , became a separate branch of service in 1899 , the later intelligence force . Their modern successors are the telecommunication troops and the electronic warfare . Various systems of optical telegraphy were precursors .

Historical development in European armies

German telecommunications soldier, 1914

German Empire

Prussian telegraph battalions

Telegraph Battalion No. 1

Intelligence force with army field wagon, 1914
Telephone exchange in the army of the German Reich

It was under the Guard Corps . The peace location was Berlin ( barracks area Am Treptower Park ). A royal Saxon detachment formed the 3rd (royal Saxon) company and partly belonged to the 4th company and a Württemberg detachment provided parts of the 2nd and 4th companies. Foundation day was March 25, 1899.

The battalion was also responsible for the cavalry telegraph school.

Telegraph Battalion No. 2

It was under the III. Army Corps or the 1st inspection of the telegraph troops. Peace locations were Frankfurt an der Oder and Cottbus . Foundation day was March 25, 1899.

Telegraph Battalion No. 3

It was under the 8th Army Corps and the 2nd inspection of the telegraph troops. Year of construction was 1899; Peace locations were the former Boelcke barracks in Coblenz and, since 1914, Darmstadt too .

Telegraph Battalion No. 4

The battalion, set up on October 1, 1907, was under the XIV Army Corps and the 2nd inspection of the telegraph troops. Peace locations were Karlsruhe and Freiburg .

Telegraph Battalion No. 5

The battalion, which was set up on October 1, 1912, was under the VII Army Corps and the 1st inspection of the telegraph troops. The place of peace was Danzig .

Telegraph Battalion No. 6

It was erected in 1913 and the garrison was Hanover .

Saxon Telegraph Battalion

Telegraph Battalion No. 7

It was subject to the 1st inspection by the telegraph troops. Zeithain was the place of peace .

Bavarian telegraph battalions

1st Telegraph Battalion

It was erected in 1901 and the garrison was Munich .

2nd Telegraph Battalion

It was set up in 1912 and the garrison was Munich.

Use in the First World War

Memorial to the fallen of the telegraph battalions No. 3 and No. 6 in Hanover

At the beginning of the First World War , additional intelligence units were set up from the nine telegraph battalions and eight fortress telephone companies belonging to the transport troops. Due to the tactical changes in warfare to a positional war, from 1915 all telegraph departments were renamed into army telephone departments and were divided into operating departments for the existing telephone operation and construction departments for the repair service and the construction of new connections.

In trench warfare, the wire connections often failed due to continued barrage from the enemy. That is why carrier pigeons and reporting dogs were often used in the front area . In addition, special light signal departments were set up. The light signal troops, equipped with mirror-heliograph and electrical flashing lights were later indicators squads renamed.

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