National and social action alliance for Central Germany

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The National and Social Action Alliance for Central Germany (NSAM) is one of the supraregional coordination and organization offices and networking platform for the militant neo-Nazi Free Comradeships , which is active in the German states of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Brandenburg , Berlin , Saxony-Anhalt , Saxony and Thuringia .

General and history

What is special about East Germany is that the Free Comradeships can fall back on a much broader right-wing youth culture than in West Germany, which in some places even has cultural hegemony . This leads to the fact that here in particular, comradeships often arise from only slightly organized neo-Nazis, which as an organizational context disappear again after a short time from the scene. However, this does not mean that there are no established comradeships that have been politically active for a long time. The “Thuringian Heimatschutz” (THS), the “Selbstschutz Sachsen-Anhalt” (SS-SA) or the “Kameradschaft Germania” should be mentioned. At the same time from the great potential of anpolitisierten comrades and comrades supplies are recruited for the consolidated fellowships over again. The wide spread of right-wing youth culture also favored the creation of “ nationally liberated zones ”.

In East Germany it is often not possible to distinguish between Free Comradeships and the NPD / JN . For example, one of the heads of the “Free Comradeships” in East Germany, Steffen Hupka , was active for years on the NPD federal board as a “Head of Training Unit” until he was expelled from the party at the end of 2001. Another example is Tino Brandt , who was blown up in 2001 as an employee of the constitution protection , the former state chairman of the NPD Thuringia and at the same time the cadre of the THS.

Like the North and West German Comradeships, the East German Comradeships also often march under various mottos. A number of websites are also operated from here, B. from fellowships from Weimar, Gera, Jena and Berlin.

In contrast to the Free Comradeships from the other German regions, the East German Comradeships have hardly any public contacts with right-wing extremist structures in neighboring countries. However, it is known that the forbidden “ Skinheads Saxon Switzerland ” (SSS) carried out military sports exercises in the Czech Republic .

Birgit Rommelspacher summarized the difference to the West as follows:

“With regard to the different priorities in terms of content, it seems that in the East, compared to the West, an economically motivated xenophobia predominates, while anti-Semitism is more pronounced in the West - however, these data have become more and more similar recently, H. the east is catching up on anti-Semitism. Nationalist attitudes are also more strongly represented in the West. In the east action, slogans and violence prevailed, while in the west ideologies and political strategies were devised. "

Functionaries

The following are to be mentioned as important functionaries from this area:

Examples of comradeships and supra-regional alliances

Thuringian Homeland Security (THS)

The following important information is missing from this article or section:
Connection to NSU not clearly established
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year Members of the THS
1999 120
2000 160
2001 170

The Thuringian Homeland Security (THS) has been an active association of Free Comradeships in Thuringia since 1996/1997. The THS initially defined itself as a gathering point for so-called national socialists from East Thuringia (Rudolstadt, Saalfeld, Jena, Kahla, Weimar, Gera, etc.) and had rather loose connections with supraregional right - wing extremist groups. The THS later formed the umbrella organization for all Thuringian comradeships, some of which were formed in larger sections. The original orientation of the THS was taken over by the Comradeship Association of East Thuringia, and the National and Social Action Alliance West Thuringia (NSAW) is incorporated as the Eisenach section.

The forerunner of the THS was the Anti-Antifa Ostthüringen , which first appeared in public in 1994. In the 90s, up to 40 informants from the intelligence services were said to have been among the 140 members . According to estimates by the Thuringian Office for the Protection of the Constitution, the organization comprised a group of 120 to 170 people between 1999 and 2001.

The THS is the link between the militant neo-Nazi scene, the NPD and the JN. There are particularly close personal ties to the NPD Thuringia. At times four of the eleven NPD district chairmen were provided by the THS, and the THS had up to seven seats in the regional association. THS functionaries are also NPD / JN members who have an influence that should not be underestimated (VS report Thuringia 2002). There are also close ties to Jena fraternities such as Jenensia and Normannia Jena , which was founded in December 1999 from this, as well as to the Junge Landsmannschaft Ostpreußen (JLO). THS members appeared several times as stewards or were present as guests at events organized by the fraternities mentioned.

The chief organizer of the THS was Tino Brandt from Rudolstadt, who worked as the national press spokesman for the NPD from 1999 and as its deputy chairman from 2000 until it was exposed as an employee of the protection of the constitution . André Kapke and Ralf Wohlleben from Jena also play a leading role , although a press release by the THS in 2000 stated that both would never have been members of the THS because they have "already appeared under criminal law". Indeed, in August 1999, both were sentenced to large fines for jointly committed dangerous bodily harm and coercion of two young women. Both were members of the NPD. Wohlleben was chairman of the Jena NPD district association, active in the state board since 1999 and since 2002 deputy state chairman of the NPD Thuringia.

The logistic center of the THS was a rented restaurant in Heilsberg near Saalfeld in 1997/98 , where in October 1997 the largest weapons depot in Thuringia was discovered during a police search.

The Thuringian Homeland Security pursues the external goal of having nothing to do with right-wing extremist and violent groups. The officially accessible website in particular represents nationalist views, but distances itself from violence. However, this is just a disguise. Clear calls for violence and possible goals are made in protected areas of the website.

National Resistance Jena (NWJ)

The National Resistance Jena (NWJ), previously Kameradschaft Jena , should be seen more as an association of several "nationally minded" people than as an independent organization. At the same time, the members are active in other organizations or parties, which is why it can be described as a kind of alliance of various right-wing extremists. The leader in the NWJ is André Kapke , one of the most active right-wing extremists in Jena and Thuringia, who was already involved in the Anti-Antifa Ostthüringen and is also involved in Thuringian homeland security.

In 1997, a suitcase with a few grams of explosives, but without a detonator, was found at the Jena Theater, with a swastika on the outside . Dummy bombs also appeared in other places. During the search of three apartments and garages in January 1998, four functional pipe bombs and right-wing extremist materials were found. However, three THS members urgently suspected of producing dummy bombs and explosive devices - Beate Zschäpe , Uwe Mundlos and Uwe Böhnhardt - were able to go into hiding and committed themselves to their self-exposure or alleged suicide on November 4, 2011 from Zwickau as a National Socialist underground (in the media also known as the Zwickau Trio ) a brutal series of murders across Germany. Another person belonging to these two groups, Holger G., was arrested on November 13, 2011 in Lauenau near Hanover . Another right-wing extremist from Jena blew himself up trying to make bombs. Also in custody are Wohlleben and the operator of a mail order business Andre E.

Comradeship Gera

Jörg Krautheim, a former member of the state board of the Thuringian NPD, is one of the leadership cadres of the Gera Comradeship, sometimes with the addition of National Socialists . He and other comradeship members were investigated in 2000 after an attack on an Islamic prayer house in Gera. In addition to Krautheim, two other members of the Gera Comradeship, Jan Stöckel and Martin Rühlemann, have been on the NPD's state board since May 2000. Krautheim and Stöckel ran for candidates on their state election list as early as 1999.

National Socialists Altenburger Land

The Kameradschaft Nationale Sozialisten Altenburger Land was founded at the end of 2004 by the nationwide active neo-Nazi Thomas Gerlach . The group, which, according to information from the Office for the Protection of the Constitution, comprises around 15 people, also appears under the names Citizens' Initiative Schöner Wohnen Altenburger Land or Initiative - Freedom of Expression also for Germans . In 2005 she took part several times in the Monday demonstrations against social cuts and held several events of her own. On May 20, 2006, the comradeship organized the 5th Thuringian Day of the National Youth in Altenburg.

National Resistance Weimar (NWW) and Brown Action Front Thuringia (BAF)

Comradeships, the National Resistance Weimar (NWW) and the Brown Action Front Thuringia (BAF) have been active in Weimar since in terms of personnel. During a police search of the apartments of twelve right-wing extremists on October 28, 2004, alarm guns and air pressure guns, baseball and manslaughter, various CDs with right-wing extremist music and swastika flags were seized. In the meantime, both comradeships have come together under the name BAF. The leading figures are Sandra Ziegler, also active in the National Girls' Alliance Weimar, and Martin Rühlemann, NPD district chairman of Weimar and member of the NPD state board in Thuringia. In addition, three national city tours were organized in Weimar, which, according to their own account , were intended to serve as a "visit to the countless German cultural assets" in Weimar and for further training . However, the events were held to defame so-called system servants. In addition, members of the groups organized Monday demonstrations in Weimar, which were supposed to be directed against Agenda 2010 and Hartz IV.

National and Social Action Alliance West Thuringia (NSAW)

The National and Social Action Alliance West Thuringia (NSAW) was officially founded on June 23, 2000 as an amalgamation of the Comradeships Eisenach, Unstrut-Hainich and Bad Liebenstein as well as the National Resistance Schmalkalden and the Anti-Antifascist Committee Eisenach. Later groups from Bad Salzungen, Friedrichroda ( Skinhead Club 88 under the leadership of Michael Burkert ), Gotha (National Resistance), Nordhausen and several smaller towns joined the alliance. It saw itself as a cross-organizational “common platform for all 'national political' forces in West Thuringia” and, in practice, primarily formed a networking point for “free comradeships” in the region. Above all, it should help to coordinate public activities and “provide information”. As the Eisenach section, the NSAW is part of the Thuringian Homeland Security (THS), the umbrella organization for all Thuringian comradeships, but retained a certain degree of autonomy.

Founder, driving force and press spokesman is Patrick Wieschke (* 1981) from Eisenach, who is also the leader and press spokesman of the most active sub-organization, the Komadschaft Eisenach (KamESA) and with interwoven small groups such as the AG Propaganda . In July 2000, the NSAW distributed an anti-Semitic circular from the right-wing terrorist Manfred Roeder to 2000 Eisenach households. It also became known through racist agitation against the establishment of a refugee home in the city of Schmalkalden in September 2000 and against asylum seekers living in the Gotha district and several actions against an asylum seekers home planned in the city in 2002.

During the detention of the leading man, Patrick Wieschke, between June 2002 and May 2004, the organization still had around 40 supporters, but according to the Thuringian Office for the Protection of the Constitution "remained largely inactive". At that time, the head or spokesman of the NSAW was Marco Polzius from Nordhausen. In a report by ZDF in autumn 2002, he admitted that the NSAW would be on a par with the Waffen-SS . The fight for the revival of the German Empire is named as the goal.

In contrast to the East Thuringian comradeships, in the West Thuringian comradeships organized in the NSAW, the connections to the NPD / JN are rather sporadic and loose. Wieschke, who had risen to become deputy state chairman of the Young National Democrats of Thuringia, resigned from this post in January 2002 and left the NPD. In a press release, he cited "reactionary and backward-looking tendencies in the NPD district association Wartburgkreis as well as the current behavior of the NPD federal executive towards critical party members and 'free nationalists'" as reasons for this. Although there were and are differences between the two wings , the similarities and the cooperation prevail.

Since returning from a served prison sentence, Partick Wieschke has been active again in the NPD and has held the post of state director and deputy district chairman of the NPD in the Wartburg district. Since then, there has been an increasing intermingling of content with the NPD.

Since January 2006, members of the NSAW in Eisenach and the surrounding area have been increasingly appearing again under the name AG Bürgerbeteiligung . In contrast to the previous one, a more inconspicuous appearance with a homeland-related, communal appearance is set via a website and the Wartburgkreis-Bote . The election campaign of the NPD for entry into the Thuringian state parliament in 2009 was actively supported at the municipal level.

Madelring Thuringia (MRT)

The Mädelring Thuringia is one of the few pure girls' comradeships , according to its own admission on the website “an association of active national socialists who want to support the liberation struggle, especially in Thuringia”. The girl's ring uses a combination of the Midgard snake and the black sun as a logo as a “symbol for the rich culture of the European peoples”. The organization has been present since 2004 through its own demonstrations such as on November 27, 2004 in Apolda or through information stands such as at the Festival of the Nations in Jena.

Ilmkreis National (IK National)

The comradeship Ilm-Kreis National around the Arnstadt neo-Nazi cadre Sven Geyer appeared in public for the first time at the right-wing extremist coordination event of the NPD and Free Comradeships on December 4, 2004 in Sondershausen . The main project is an irregularly published, amateur newspaper project of the same name. Since then, IK National has organized several rallies, right-wing rock concerts and an event with the right-wing terrorist Peter Naumann with a historical revisionist "Memorial to the Victims of the Nuremberg Trial".

Self-protection Saxony-Anhalt (SS-SA)

  • White offensive Halle / Saale (WOH)
  • Ostara skinheads Sangerhausen
  • Saxony-Anhalt Front (SAF)
  • White Brotherhood (Merseburg)
  • Skinheads Ostelbien-Pretzien (Schönebeck / Elbe area)
  • Comradeship Black Division (Burg region)
  • Free nationalists Dessau-Anhalt
  • Nationalists Koethen
  • Comradeship Wernigerode
  • Comradeship Salzwedel
  • Comradeship Gardelegen / Jungsturm Gardelegen
  • Comradeship Blankenburg / Quedlinburg
  • Comradeship Magdeburg / fortress city
  • Comradeship Schönebeck
  • Comradeship Tangerhütte
  • Comradeship clogs
  • Comradeship Wittenberg

Skinheads Saxon Switzerland (SSS, 2001 prohibited)

See article on this.

National Resistance Berlin-Brandenburg (NWBB)

Comradeship Germania Berlin

In February 2001 KS Germania organized a comradeship federation Germania, to which five Berlin comradeships (Germania, Pankow, Prussia, Tor Berlin and Hohenschönhausen) belonged.

Kameradschaft Tor and Berliner Alternative Süd-Ost (Berlin)

The two neo-Nazi organizations Kameradschaft Tor (KS Tor, Berlin-Lichtenberg) including their girls' group and Berliner-Alternative-Süd-Ost (Baso, Berlin-Treptow / Köpenick) were banned on March 9, 2005 by the Berlin Senator for the Interior, Ehrhart Körting . Both groups consisted of 10 to 15 mostly young neo-Nazis. The ban was justified with the affinity to National Socialism and an aggressive and combative attitude of the groups. Proof of this attitude were posters on which they glorified SA leaders, Adolf Hitler and Horst Wessel , the registration of a demonstration and a life-threatening attack on a Vietnamese snack bar operator in April 2004. The aforementioned organizations are now also banned, for example with Landser -Merchandising products include the distribution of their propaganda material under the “dissemination of propaganda material of anti-constitutional organizations” (§86) and can thus become criminally relevant. In the run-up to the ban, both groups had harassed the police director for the south-east of Berlin, Michael Knape, with telephone calls for months, threatened them on the street and even hung up letters from him in his residential area.

Some of the former members of the forbidden comradeships have reorganized themselves in the comradeship Free Forces Berlin.

Lusatian Action Alliance (LAB)

The Lausitzer action alliance is a camaraderie network in the south of Brandenburg. Members of this association are, according to the Brandenburg Constitutional Protection, u. a. the community of supporters of Southeast Brandenburg , the Lausitz Action Front Guben and Sturm Cottbus . The leading member is Sebastian Richter from Hoyerswerda .

The LAB is only noticeable in Lusatia and the southern Spreewald . There she mainly sticks posters, holds hall events and demonstrations. The action alliance publicly advertises on its homepage for the NPD , which is structurally very weak in Brandenburg, but largely has personnel overlaps in its party and in Brandenburg comradeships. It also links the “Kampfblatt” of the Märkisches Heimatschutz (the Central German Youth Newspaper ) and the schoolyard CD .

Märkischer Heimatschutz (MHS)

Disbanded November 4, 2006.

Community of Minds South-East Brandenburg (GGSOBB)

→ Main article: GGSOBB

In September 2006 the homepage was discontinued with reference to possible reorganization.

ANSDAPO

The ANSDAPO, sometimes also advertised as an alternative national Strausberger dart, piercing and tattoo offensive , was a neo-Nazi comradeship in Brandenburg that was banned in 2005 because of “spiritual proximity to National Socialism”.

Your identification mark was a black sun with the words ANSDAPO . The name shows not only similarities with the historical NSDAP , but also with the NSDAP organizational structure of the American Gary Laucks . According to the Brandenburg Office for the Protection of the Constitution, the black sun represents a substitute symbol for the forbidden double- sign rune of the SS in the right-wing extremist scene . The mosaic of the black sun on the SS Ordensburg on the Wewelsburg is cited as further evidence for this thesis .

See also

literature

  • Andrea Röpke , Andreas Speit (Ed.): Brown comradeships. The new networks of the militant neo-Nazis. Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-86153-316-2 .
  • Maik Baumgärtner , Marcus Böttcher: The Zwickau Terror Trio. Events, scenes, backgrounds. Das Neue Berlin, Berlin 2012. ISBN 978-3-360-02149-6 .
  • Free fellowships. Information brochure from Antifa 3000, Hanover 2002.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Estimates, Thuringian State Office for the Protection of the Constitution: Constitutional Protection Report Free State of Thuringia 2001 (PDF; 387 kB). Erfurt 2001, p. 7.
  2. ↑ 40 V-people among 140 members . mz-web.de, September 9, 2012.
  3. ^ The rights of Heilbronn and Jena . Stuttgarter Nachrichten, September 12, 2015 (accessed February 5, 2017).
  4. ↑ The "Thuringian Homeland Security" - MDR.DE. In: mdr.de. February 21, 2013, accessed June 14, 2016 .
  5. ↑ The Brown Cell. In: Spiegel TV Magazin. November 13, 2011.
  6. ↑ Major question by the Left Party: Right-wing extremism and democratic resistance . die-linke-thl.de, December 2, 2005.