Manfred Roeder (right-wing extremist)

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Manfred Roeder (2009)

Manfred Roeder (born February 6, 1929 in Berlin ; † July 30, 2014 in Neukirchen (Knüll) ) was a German right-wing extremist who was convicted , among other things, of denying the Holocaust , hatred of the people and ringleading in a terrorist organization . Before he lost his license, he was Rudolf Hess's lawyer . 1998 Roeder ran unsuccessfully for the NPD to the Bundestag .

Life

Roeder was the son of a Berlin graduate engineer and later SA-Obersturmführer . In 1939, his father sent him to the National Political Education Institute in Plön . After a dispute with the headmaster, he moved to a home school in 1943 , which was subordinate to the SS . At the age of 15, he volunteered for the Volkssturm in January 1945 .

After the war, Roeder passed his Abitur at Lilienthal-Gymnasium in Berlin-Lichterfelde in 1947 and began studying German and philosophy in Berlin . In the winter semester of 1948/49 he switched to law and continued his studies in Münster and Bonn . Roeder passed his legal traineeship examination on September 1, 1954 at the Hamm Higher Regional Court .

During his studies, Roeder was active in the Protestant student community and came into contact with the Moral Armament Group (MRA) in 1950 , for which he interrupted his training and from 1954 worked for several years as a freelancer. In December 1961 he continued his legal traineeship at the Berlin Superior Court . He passed his assessor exam on March 31, 1966. On January 23, 1967 Roeder was in Berlin admitted to the lawyer . From June 1, 1966 to July 1969, he worked as a legal advisor at the US headquarters in Berlin-Dahlem .

Roeder joined the CDU in 1965 and was involved in the council of elders of a Protestant parish. In 1967 he founded a "Democratic Initiative" directed against the extra-parliamentary opposition . In 1969 he moved to Bensheim , where he was involved in the Young Christians Offensive .

In 1970 Roeder resigned from the CDU and founded the "Citizens 'Initiative Against Moral and Political Anarchy", which in December 1971 was renamed the "German Citizens' Initiative". His first political actions were directed against pornography , for example when he threw paint bags at posters of erotic fairs in 1970. In Bensheim in July 1971, he and three other people (“Kampfgruppe Roeder”) smeared cinema advertisements and magazines with oil paint at the train station to protest against sex photos. In a leaflet campaign, he spoke out against relationships between guest workers and German women.

With the "German Citizens' Initiative", Roeder changed his focus in 1971 and focused on the dissemination of revisionist ideas. In 1971 he was temporarily the lawyer for the imprisoned former Hitler deputy Rudolf Hess . In 1973 he wrote the foreword to the Holocaust denier brochure The Auschwitz Lie by Thies Christophersen and took part in his magazine Die Bauernschaft . He organized the first demonstration for the release of Rudolf Hess in 1974 on his 80th birthday.

From January 1975 Roeder exchanged letters with the former Reich President Karl Dönitz . Roeder derived his authority as " Reichsverweser " from a response from Dönitz on February 7, 1975 . As a result, Roeder convened a “Reichstag in Flensburg” on May 23, 1975, at which he was elected “unanimously as spokesman for the Reich Representation” despite a ban on assembly.

Because of these activities, Roeder was reported frequently. In August 1975 alone there were around 50 preliminary proceedings against him. Because of the holding of the forbidden event "Reichstag zu Flensburg", the District Court of Flensburg issued a penalty order of 3,000 DM against him on November 12, 1975  . The Tiergarten District Court sentenced Roeder to a fine of DM 2,000 in 1975 for violating Military Government Ordinance 511  .

In 1975 Roeder acquired a larger property (15-room hotel with 32 hectares of land) in Schwarzenborn , which he called "Reichshof" and which he expanded as a base and training center for his movement.

On February 23, 1976, Roeder was sentenced by the Darmstadt Regional Court for sedition to seven months imprisonment and a fine of 3,000 DM. In April 1976 he was temporarily banned from practicing law, which came into effect in December 1976. The Heilbronn District Court sentenced Roeder to a fine of DM 5,000 on July 27, 1976 for disparaging the memory of the deceased . On June 27, 1977, the Flensburg Regional Court sentenced Roeder for disseminating Nazi propaganda material and denigrating the state on the occasion of the "Reichstag zu Flensburg" two Years earlier to a prison sentence of six months, which was upheld on November 23, 1977 by the 3rd Criminal Senate of the Federal Court of Justice .

Roeder made contacts with the right-wing extremist scene, also abroad (including trips to Namibia and Mato Grosso , Brazil ) and the Ku Klux Klan .

Terrorist underground and conviction

In 1978 Roeder went underground to avoid a six-month sentence for sedition. He traveled with the American passport of a deceased friend to Damascus, Tehran and South Africa, among other places, and looked for allies there. In Beirut he went to the PLO and presented himself as a champion against Zionism . In 1980 he visited bunkers and flak positions there . At the beginning of 1980 he received asylum in Iran , but returned to the Federal Republic of Germany with a false passport and founded the terrorist organization “ German Action Groups ”, which included three other people in addition to Roeder. The German action groups carried out various incendiary and explosive attacks on, among others, the Esslingen District Office, where an Auschwitz exhibition took place, and the Janusz Korczak School in Hamburg, the site of an end-of-war crime by the SS. Arson attacks on federal assembly camps for asylum seekers in Zirndorf and asylum accommodation in Lörrach . Three refugees from Eritrea were injured in Lörrach . In the following arson attack on a Hamburg asylum accommodation in the Billbrook district on August 22, 1980, two refugees from Vietnam died . Because ringleader in a terrorist organization Roeder was sentenced on 28 June 1982 to 13 years imprisonment and, on 15 February 1990, after serving two-thirds of the sentence for good behavior and favorable social prognosis released.

After imprisonment

In 1993 he founded the “German-Russian joint venture - Förderverein Nord-Ostpreußen”, which aimed at the settlement of ethnic Germans from Russia near Kaliningrad . In the same year he was invited by Vladimir Zhirinovsky to the party conference of the right-wing extremist Liberal Democratic Party of Russia in Moscow.

In 1996 Roeder and other right-wing extremists attacked the armed forces exhibition in Erfurt , which is why he was sentenced to a fine of 4,500 DM for damage to property . The later members of the right-wing extremist terrorist cell National Socialist Underground (NSU), Uwe Mundlos and Uwe Böhnhardt , took part in protests against his trial , as well as Ralf Wohlleben , who was accused of aiding and abetting in the NSU trial, and André Kapke, who was summoned as a witness . When he saw the paint, he fell into the arms of Bodo Ramelow , then a union representative, for which he received a criminal complaint .

In 1997 it became known through the news magazine Der Spiegel that Roeder had appeared in 1995 as a speaker in Hamburg at the command academy of the Bundeswehr . This scandal and the fact that it became known through the television magazine Panorama that Roeder had been given material from the Bundeswehr for his supposedly charitable "German-Russian joint venture" prompted Lieutenant General Hartmut Olboeter , at that time commander of the leadership academy and now head of the personnel department at Federal Ministry of Defense to apply to the Federal Minister of Defense for temporary release from his duties until the issue of supervision has been clarified. Defense Minister Volker Rühe complied with this request on December 8, 1997. This measure was intended to restore the Academy's good reputation.

In 1997, Roeder stood up as a direct candidate of the NPD for Stralsund, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania for the 1998 federal election and offered himself as a "Chancellor alternative 1998", but remained unsuccessful. At a party conference in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Roeder openly called for a " coup in Germany".

Members of the Thuringian homeland security , in which Böhnhardt, Mundlos and their alleged accomplice Beate Zschäpe were active, distributed an anti-Semitic inflammatory pamphlet by Roeder in 2000.

After being sentenced to imprisonment by the Schwerin and Rostock regional courts for sedition and other criminal offenses, he was sentenced in August 2004 to ten months in prison without parole by the Frankfurt am Main regional court for denigrating the state . On May 12, 2005, he was sentenced to several months in prison in Giessen . Another conviction followed in February 2005 by the Schwalmstadt district court , which the regional court later suspended because of the lengthy duration of the proceedings and Roeder's state of health.

Roeder took part in the establishment of the German-Russian peace movement of the European Spirit in 2007, as did the well-known right-wing extremists Jürgen Rieger , Frank Rennicke and Thorsten Heise .

In November 2009 Roeder was sentenced to one year probation by the Marburg district court for sedition and Holocaust denial. In July 2010 he was charged with sedition in the Treysa District Court after a corresponding circular.

After retiring from the public eye for several years, Roeder died in July 2014 in Neukirchen, Hesse.

Private life

Roeder was married and had six children. In Schwarzenborn , Hesse , he owned a property that he called "Reichshof" and that was a meeting place and training location for the neo-Nazi scene for a long time . In 2013 one of his sons sold the "Reichshof" to the self-confessed Holocaust denier Ludmila Ivan-Zadeh , daughter of the also self-confessed Holocaust denier Michèle Renouf . Roeder, who had lived with a friend in the "Reichshof", moved with him in 2012 to his partner in the neighboring town of Neukirchen. The current owner of the Reichshof is the neo-Nazi and Holocaust denier Meinolf Schönborn .

TV report

literature

  • Franziska Hundseder : “New Right” - Success through the Elites? In: IDA-NRW (Hrsg.): "New rights" What is behind it? Materials on right-wing extremism. Volume 1. 2nd edition. Düsseldorf 2000, ida-nrw.de ( Memento from June 24, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 620 kB).
  • Rand C. Lewis: The Neo-Nazis and German Unification. Praeger, Westport CT, London 1996, ISBN 0-275-95638-5 , books.google.de
  • Jürgen Strohmaier: Manfred Roeder: An arsonist. Documents and background information on the Stammheim neo-fascist trial. J. Strohmaier, Stuttgart 1982, DNB 830205381 .

Web links

Commons : Manfred Roeder  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c At the battle station. In: Focus , No. 51, 1997.
  2. ↑ Memory of a fellow child in: Jochen Köhler: Climbing in the big city. Berlin 1979, p. 154.
  3. ↑ Jürgen Strohmaier: Manfred Roeder: Ein Brandstifter. Documents and background information on the Stammheim neo-fascist trial. Gaisreiter, Stuttgart 1982, p. 7.
  4. ↑ a b c d Bernhard Rabert : Left and right-wing terrorism in the Federal Republic of Germany from 1970 to today. Bernard & Graefe, Bonn 1995, p. 274.
  5. ↑ Jürgen Strohmaier: Manfred Roeder: Ein Brandstifter. Documents and background information on the Stammheim neo-fascist trial. Gaisreiter, Stuttgart 1982, p. 4.
  6. ↑ Dietrich Strothmann : The blow against the Roeder pack. Police arrested brown bombers: The "German Khomeini" behind bars. In: Die Zeit , No. 38 of September 12, 1980.
  7. ↑ a b Kampfgruppe Roeder struck - moral police on their own. ( Memento from December 20, 2014 on WebCite ) (PDF; 9 MB) In: Bergsträßer Anzeiger. 5th July 1971.
  8. ↑ a b Roeder, Manfred. In: Wolfgang Benz (ed.): Handbook of Antisemitism: Anti-Semitism in Past and Present. Volume 2: People. De Gruyter, Berlin 2009, pp. 689-671.
  9. ↑ Karl Bänke: The Völkisch in Mr. Roeder. In: Bergsträßer Anzeiger , July 10, 1971.
  10. ^ A b c Richard Stöss : The extreme right in the Federal Republic: Development - Causes - Countermeasures. Westdeutscher Verlag, Opladen 1989, p. 163 .
  11. ^ Thomas Grumke , Bernd Wagner : Handbook right-wing radicalism : People - Organizations - Networks. From neo-Nazism to the middle of society. Leske + Budrich, Opladen 2002, p. 302 .
  12. ↑ Manfred Funke : Extremism in the democratic constitutional state. Droste, Düsseldorf 1978, p. 205.
  13. ↑ a b Report on the Protection of the Constitution 1976, p. 40.
  14. ↑ Hartmut Herb, Jan Peters, Mathias Thesen: The new right-wing extremism: facts and trends. Wind pressure, Siegen 1980, p. 99.
  15. ^ Thomas Grumke , Bernd Wagner : Handbook right-wing radicalism : People - Organizations - Networks. From neo-Nazism to the middle of society. Leske + Budrich, Opladen 2002, p. 303 .
  16. ↑ Heinz-Werner Höffken, Martin Sattler: Right-wing extremism in the Federal Republic: The "old", the "new" right and neo-Nazism. VS Verlag, Wiesbaden 1980, p. 92.
  17. ↑ Worldwide Teutonic Unity . In: Der Spiegel . No. 14 , 1981 ( online ).
  18. ↑ a b c d e f Extremists: Hitler Youth with bags under the eyes . In: Der Spiegel . No. 18 , 1998 ( online ).
  19. ↑ https://www.zeit.de/2012/09/Anschlag-1980/seite-3
  20. ^ Rand C. Lewis: The Neo-Nazis and German Unification. P. 25, limited preview in Google Book search. Moses and pigs . In: Der Spiegel . No. 31 , 1989, pp. 37-39 ( online ).
  21. ↑ a b Stefan Rehder, Gisbert Mrozek, Rüdiger Kreissel: Schirinowskij: The browns lure. In: Focus , No. 51, December 20, 1993.
  22. ^ The Wehrmacht Exhibition Between Riots and Criticism , Spiegel Online , November 27, 2001; Andrea Röpke: In the underground, but not alone: ​​radicalization in the brown net. In: From Politics and Contemporary History , No. 13–14, 2012, April 30, 2012 (NSU as Roeder's supporter).
  23. ↑ Stefan Aust , Dirk Laabs : Heimatschutz. The state and the NSU series of murders. Pantheon, Munich 2014, p. 188.
  24. ↑ We know where you live. In: Frankfurter Rundschau , May 8, 2015.
  25. ↑ German Bundestag : printed matter 13/11005 of 18 June 1998 .
  26. ^ Rüdiger Moniac: Rühe draws conclusions in the Roeder case . In: Die Welt , December 9, 1997.
  27. ↑ Andreas Baumann: A notorious right-wing extremist wants to Bonn. In: Die Welt , September 18, 1998.
  28. ^ A b Patrick Gensing : One year after the NSU became known: The forgotten terrorism. In: Tagesschau.de , November 3, 2012.
  29. ↑ Right-wing extremist Roeder is sentenced to prison. In: Rheinische Post , May 12, 2005 ( AFP report).
  30. ↑ Roeder, Manfred. In: Netz gegen Nazis , accessed on August 1, 2014.
  31. ↑ Probation for ill health. ( Memento of July 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) In: redok , November 13, 2009; Incitement to hatred charges: Roeder trial will continue in autumn. In: Hessische / Niedersächsische Allgemeine , July 13, 2010.
  32. ^ Anne Quehl: Right-wing extremist Roeder died at the age of 85 in Neukirchen. In: Hessische / Niedersächsische Allgemeine , July 31, 2014.
  33. ↑ Neo-Nazis celebrate winter solstice at Roeder's “Reichshof”. ( Memento of May 10, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) In: redok , December 27, 2003.
  34. ↑ Sylke Grede: Daughter of well-known Holocaust denier acquired Richberg House. In: Hessische / Niedersächsische Allgemeine , August 30, 2013.
  35. ↑ Sylke Grede: Haus im Knüll is developing into a seminar center for the right-wing scene. In: www.hna.de. Hessische / Niedersächsische Allgemeine, May 20, 2017, accessed on July 22, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Roeder, Manfred
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and Holocaust denier
DATE OF BIRTH February 6, 1929
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH July 30, 2014
Place of death Neukirchen (Knull)