Schwarzenborn (Knull)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 55 '  N , 9 ° 27'  E
Basic data
State :	Hesse
Administrative region :	kassel
County :	Schwalm-Eder district
Height :	479 m above sea level NHN
Area :	26.9 km 2
Residents:	1159 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	43 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	34639
Area code :	05686
License plate :	HR, FZ, MEG, ZIG
Community key :	06 6 34 023
City structure:	2 districts
City administration address :	Marktplatz 1 34639 Schwarzenborn
Website :	www.schwarzenborn.de
Mayor :	Jürgen Liebermann ( SPD )
Location of the city of Schwarzenborn in the Schwalm-Eder district

Schwarzenborn in the Schwalm-Eder district in northern Hesse is the smallest town in terms of population and the second smallest municipality in Hesse .

geography

View over Schwarzenborn

Schwarzenborn is located in the Schwalm-Eder district about 13.5 km from the district town of Homberg (Efze) in the Hochknüll . The city consists of the two districts Grebenhagen and Schwarzenborn. The Efze flows through the Grebenhagen district .

Neighboring communities

Schwarzenborn borders in the northwest on the municipality of Frielendorf , in the north on Homberg, in the northeast on the municipality Knüllwald (all three in the Schwalm-Eder district), in the east on the municipality Neuenstein ( district Hersfeld-Rotenburg ), in the south on the municipality Oberaula , and in the west to the city of Neukirchen (both in the Schwalm-Eder district).

history

The naming of a hallway as "Suarcenbrunnen" dates from the 12th century , 1311 is "Swarzenburnen", probably at that time the settlement that is documented in 1329 in a document of the Immichenhain monastery as "oppidum" "Svarcinburrin". The well- planned city layout happened before the first documentary mention by the Counts of Ziegenhain , who at the same time built a castle here as the eastern location of their territory. The construction of the parish church began at the same time, a pleban as a clergyman is attested as early as 1311 , a cemetery is mentioned in 1364/67. At the end of the Middle Ages, the city was the seat of the Schwarzenborn office . The rule fell in 1450 to the Landgraviate of Hesse , since 1465 the von Dörnberg patrons of the church. The town fire of 1469 destroyed large parts of the town, the castle and parts of the nearby church. In another fire in 1517, the city burned down to six houses, and the church was again only partially destroyed. Around 1530 they converted to the evangelical confession, from around 1530 to around 1567 Michael Horn is the first evangelical pastor. The change to the Reformed Confession took place in 1607. In 1636 and 1697, further fires devastated the city. Around 1830/35 the medieval city wall with the upper and lower gate was demolished. In 1936 the Wehrmacht established the Schwarzenborn military training area . Schwarzenborn has been part of the Schwalm-Eder district since 1974.

On January 1, 1974, as part of the regional reform in Hesse, the previously independent municipality of Grebenhagen from the Fritzlar-Homberg district was incorporated into the city of Schwarzenborn by state law .

church

Structurally, the townscape is dominated by the church. The building consists of a high, arched choir , a recessed nave with a flat ceiling and an even narrower, set west tower. Construction of the church began at the same time as the city was built in the early 14th century. Older components can be found in the choir, nave and tower, whereby the choir is largely original, the nave was significantly changed according to the building inscriptions from 1579 and 1750, but the tower was the current bell storey with a flat roof and octagonal until 1673 (date of the older weather vane) Graduation instead of the steep spire of the late Gothic. Inside the church is characterized by the furnishings of the 18th and 19th centuries: a gallery on the north side of the choir, the gallery on the north and west side of the nave and the pulpit from the period before 1700. During the renovation that began in 1996, Work in the interior uncovered a fragmentary wall painting from the early 15th century.

The Evangelical Reformed parishes of Schwarzenborn and Grebenhagen exist in the districts. Since November 1, 2010, the parishes of Christerode and Hauptschwenda have also belonged to the parish of Schwarzenborn. In addition to the above Church also the Julius-Paulus-Haus, built in 1900, which serves as a rectory. On the main street of the Grebenhagen district there is a small church belonging to the Protestant church. It was built mainly in the 16th and 18th centuries, but also shows traces of a previous building from the Romanesque period. Until 1899 Grebenhagen belonged to the parish Raboldshausen . Grebenhagen was then provided pastoral care by Schwarzenborn and has been part of the Schwarzenborn parish since 1913.

Catholic Christians belong to the Catholic parish of St. Adalbert in Neukirchen. In Schwarzenborn there is a chapel of the Christ Congregation of the Reformed Episcopal Church and its bishopric for the center area.

politics

City Council

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the 2016 city council     A total of 15 seats SPD : 6 CDU : 5th UBL : 4	Parties and constituencies		% 2016	Seats 2016	% 2011	Seats 2011	% 2006	Seats 2006	% 2001	Seats 2001
	SPD	Social Democratic Party of Germany	42.0	6th	39.8	6th	43.0	6th	41.4	6th
	CDU	Christian Democratic Union of Germany	30.8	5	36.2	5	32.5	5	39.5	6th
	UBL	Independent citizen list	27.3	4th	24.0	4th	24.5	4th	19.1	3
	total		100	15th	100	15th	100	15th	100	15th
	Voter turnout in%		60.5		65.3		68.8		82.6

mayor

Jürgen Liebermann (SPD) was elected as the new mayor in January 2017. Jürgen Kaufmann (SPD) was previously the mayor for three terms; his predecessor was Karl-Heinz Möller (CDU).

Town twinning

A partnership with the commune of Saint-Gervais-sur-Roubion in France has existed since May 7, 2005 .

Cultural monuments

For the city's cultural monuments see the list of cultural monuments in Schwarzenborn (Knüll) .

Economy and Infrastructure

Schwarzenborn - Excerpt from the Topographia Hassiae by Matthäus Merian 1655

armed forces

The city is known as the location of the Bundeswehr , which is also the largest employer in the area with around 300 civilian jobs. On July 1, 2006, the Jägerregiment 1 (emerged from the old Panzergrenadierbataillon 152 Schwarzenborn and the Jägerlehrbataillon 353 Hammelburg) was reorganized there. On June 30, 2015, the hunter regiment was reclassified to a hunter battalion. Schwarzenborn, like the surrounding communities, feels closely connected to the Bundeswehr and also maintains a sponsorship, which is established again and again on festive occasions and through mutual help.

Education, social affairs and ecology

A nursing home for the elderly is operated on site in private ownership. The city cooperates with the central Diakoniestation Frielendorf for care, domestic and social purposes . The Protestant parish runs the Sonnenstrahl kindergarten in Schwarzenborn . The only school on site is the “Knüllköpfchenschule” elementary school. A youth room has been set up within the Grebenhagen village community center. There is a supervised girls' club for girls between 11 and 15 years of age.

The “Boglerhaus” Hoher Knüll youth hostel has been private since 2006 near the Schwarzenborn district . It also includes a restaurant and a conference venue. It was formerly sponsored by the Schwalm-Eder district and is named after the painter Friedrich Wilhelm Bogler , who lived in seclusion on the Knüllkopf since 1929.

The Hessen State Association of the German Forest Youth has its headquarters in Schwarzenborn. An internet café is available in his regional office of the Hessian Forest Youth. In Schwarzenborn he also runs a conference and overnight accommodation facility on a self-catering basis, which can also be used by non-members.

traffic

It is approx. 15 km to the federal motorway 7 ( Kassel - Würzburg ) at the Hersfeld-West junction. The community is connected to the rail network via the Schwalmstadt-Treysa and Bad Hersfeld stations .

literature

• Literature about Schwarzenborn in the Hessian Bibliography
• Search for Schwarzenborn (Knüll) in the archive portal-D of the German Digital Library

Web links

Commons : Schwarzenborn  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Schwarzenborn in Merian's Topographia Hassiae  - Sources and full texts

• Internet presence of the city of Schwarzenborn
• Schwarzenborn. Local history, information. In: www.zu-gast-in-schwarzenborn.de. Private website 
• Schwarzenborn, Schwalm-Eder district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts Fritzlar-Homberg, Melsungen and Ziegenhain (GVBl. II 330-22) of September 28, 1973 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1973 No. 25 , p. 356 , § 7 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
3. ↑ Götz J. Pfeiffer: Courtly splendor of the last Ziegenhain Count Johann II. The late medieval wall painting with Saint George in the Protestant church in Schwarzenborn . In: Schwalm yearbook . tape 2019 , p. 94-98 .
4. ↑ Welcome to the parish of Schwarzenborn. Evangelical Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck, accessed on September 17, 2013 . 
5. ^ Parish of St. Adalbert Neukirchen. (No longer available online.) Katholische Kirchengemeinde St. Adalbert, Neukirchen, archived from the original on January 27, 2013 ; Retrieved September 17, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Catholic parish of St. Adalbert, Neukirchen. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on June 6, 2013 ; Retrieved September 17, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
     
6. ↑ Free Churches. (No longer available online.) City of Schwarzenborn, archived from the original on June 6, 2013 ; Retrieved September 17, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Contact addresses. Reformed Episcopal Church, accessed September 17, 2013 .  
    
7. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 . 
8. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
9. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
10. ↑ http://www.statistik-hessen.de/themenwahl/wahlen/daten/direktwahlen/schwarzenborn-stadt/index.html
11. ↑ Senior care on the sunny slope. (No longer available online.) City of Schwarzenborn, archived from the original on June 6, 2013 ; Retrieved September 17, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
12. ↑ Central Diakoniestation. (No longer available online.) City of Schwarzenborn, archived from the original on June 6, 2013 ; Retrieved September 17, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
13. ↑ Knüllköpfchenschule Primary School Schwarzenborn. (No longer available online.) City of Schwarzenborn, archived from the original on June 6, 2013 ; Retrieved September 17, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
14. ↑ Child and youth work. (No longer available online.) City of Schwarzenborn, archived from the original on June 6, 2013 ; Retrieved September 17, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
15. ↑ In the natural landscape of Knüll - Schwarzenborn, in: Sport & Fun in Jugendherbergen, p. 48. (PDF; 4.7 MB) Deutsches Jugendherbergswerk Landesverband Hessen e. V., accessed on September 17, 2013 . 
16. ^ Conference house of the German Forest Youth Hesse. Deutsche Waldjugend Landesverband Hessen eV, accessed on September 17, 2013 .