Borken (Hesse)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Borken (Hesse)
Borken (Hesse)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Borken (Hessen) highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 3 '  N , 9 ° 17'  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : kassel
County : Schwalm-Eder district
Height : 205 m above sea level NHN
Area : 82.3 km 2
Residents: 12,610 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 153 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 34582
Primaries : 05682, 06693
License plate : HR, FZ, MEG, ZIG
Community key : 06 6 34 001
City structure: 15 districts

City administration address : 		Am Rathaus 7
34582 Borken (Hesse)
Website : www.borken-hessen.de
Mayor : Marcel Pritsch-Rehm (FWG)
Location of the city of Borken (Hessen) in the Schwalm-Eder district
Kassel Landkreis Fulda Landkreis Hersfeld-Rotenburg Landkreis Kassel Landkreis Marburg-Biedenkopf Landkreis Waldeck-Frankenberg Vogelsbergkreis Vogelsbergkreis Werra-Meißner-Kreis Knüllwald Homberg (Efze) Frielendorf Schwarzenborn (Knüll) Neukirchen (Knüll) Oberaula Ottrau Schrecksbach Willingshausen Schwalmstadt Gilserberg Jesberg Neuental Bad Zwesten Borken (Hessen) Morschen Malsfeld Wabern (Hessen) Felsberg (Hessen) Spangenberg Melsungen Körle Guxhagen Edermünde Gudensberg Niedenstein Fritzlarmap
About this picture

Borken (Hessen) is a small town in the north Hessian Schwalm-Eder district with about 13,000 inhabitants.

In the 20th century, the city was a center of lignite mining and lignite power generation in Hesse. Lignite mining, which in contrast to other lignite mining areas also took place underground, was discontinued after the severe mining accident in Stolzenbach (June 1, 1988). On March 15, 1991, the generation of electricity in the Borken power plant by PreussenElektra was also terminated.

The legacies of the Borken lignite mining area are used for tourism after recultivation as the Borken Lake District. The largest recultivated open-cast mine has limited tourist use, as it has been declared a nature reserve at Borkener See .

One attraction is the Hessian lignite mining museum , in which the mining tradition of the city is presented. An open-air area has been open since 2003 to provide information about coal and energy . A nature conservation information center for Lake Borken is attached to the museum.

geography

Land use:
use Area in ha and percent
Agriculture 4,805
(58.3%)
Forest area 1,725
(20.9%)
Residential development 564
(6.9%)
traffic area 535
(6.5%)
Water surface 305
(3.7%)
Establishments 147
(1.8%)
recreation 44
(0.5%)
Others 105
(1.4%)
total area 8230
(100%)

Geographical location

Borken lies between Kassel (approx. 50 km) and Marburg (approx. 55 km). The next larger cities are in the north-east direction Fritzlar (approx. 15 km) and to the east Homberg (Efze) (approx. 15 km). Southeast of Borken is the Knüllgebirge (approx. 15 km) and to the west of the Kellerwald (approx. 10 km).

geology

The urban area is part of the Landsburger Senke ( Borkener Becken and Trockenerfurther Gefilde ) and the Hessengau ( Schwalmaue and Großenengliser Platte ) in the West Hessian Senke , the east basin of the West Hessian mountain and sink country . The Borken basin is drained by many small streams (such as Olmes , Hundsbach , and Lembach ), tributaries of the Schwalm, which flows through the city from west to east .

In the Borkener Basin, part of the West Hessian Depression, tertiary sediment deposits are predominant. Thus, there are significant gravel, sand and clay layers in the northeastern municipality. In the municipality of Borkens there are abundant lignite deposits in these sediment layers , which were mined both in opencast and underground mining .

Expansion and use of the urban area

The municipal area covers an area of ​​82.3  square kilometers (= 8230 hectares (ha)). Of this, 4805  hectares are used for agriculture and 1725 hectares for forestry . 305 ha are water areas (139 ha Borkener See , 74 ha Singliser See and 26 ha Gombether See ) and 44 ha are recreational areas (10 ha Stockelache natural bathing lake ). Furthermore, 535 ha for traffic, 564 ha for buildings and their open spaces, 147 ha for businesses and 105 ha “without specific use” are recorded.

Neighboring communities

Borken borders the town of Fritzlar to the north, the municipality of Wabern to the northeast, the town of Homberg (Efze) to the east, the municipality of Frielendorf to the south, the municipality of Neuental to the southwest and the municipality of Bad Zwesten to the west (all in Schwalm- Eder circle).

Districts

Map of the municipality of Borken (Hessen)

The city of Borken has 15 districts:

The districts were independent municipalities until they were incorporated . 13 of 15 municipalities were administered on a voluntary basis.

Panorama of Borken from the shore of the Borkener See

history

Antiquity

A settlement in the older Bronze Age (1300 BC to 800 BC) has been documented for Borken . Settlement is also secured for the following years by finds. The migration of peoples seems to have had only a minor influence on the population of Borken, as the North Hessian area was only affected to a small extent. There are no written records from before the eighth century.

middle Ages

The historic town center

Borken appears for the first time in a deed of donation of Charlemagne to the Hersfeld Abbey , dated January 5, 775, which is recorded in the Weirich document book Hersfeld No. 38 . Borken belonged to the pago Hassorum , a Franconian district .

Borken Castle was first mentioned in 1108 together with the owners of the Borken court, the Lords of Furcun . It was at the foot of the flower grove . In 1266 the castle was referred to as castrum in connection with the sale of goods to the Haina monastery . In 1253 Borken was referred to as villa Borchem , and in a document dated August 26, 1253 by the monastery of Haina, a court day in Borken is reported.

In 1285, after the Lords of Borken died out, Borken Castle and the court came to the Lords of Löwenstein by inheritance . Werner von Loewenstein-Westerburg wore the castle Borken and the related rights in 1297 the Landgrave Henry I of Hesse to feud on. Five years later, in 1302, the landgrave acquired the other half of the castle from the Löwenstein-Schweinsberg family .

In documents of August 27, 1303 ("in oppido Burckenn") and January 18, 1314 ("in terminis oppidi Burcken"), Borken was referred to as "oppidum" and " civitas ". This gave the place as a fortified settlement an outstanding position compared to the surrounding settlements. On November 9, 1317, Landgrave Otto von Hessen and Count Johann I von Ziegenhain signed a contract to establish the city of Borken. With the signing, Landgrave Otto von Hessen handed over "half the Borken house" to Count Johann von Ziegenhain. In 1333 the Lords of Löwenstein acquired the Ziegenhain half, but in 1358 they lost it again to the Counts of Ziegenhain.

Early modern age

The Borken Office was founded in 1372 to manage the landgrave's property and jurisdiction . These included the villages of Herboldshausen and Heckenhausen as part of the city of Borken.

When the Counts of Ziegenhain died out in 1450, their stake in Borken Castle fell to the Landgraviate of Hesse. The sons of Ludwig I (Hesse) shared the landgraviate and in 1467 Borken and Upper Hesse were given to Landgrave Heinrich III. to hand over. Between Heinrich III. of Hessen-Marburg and his brother Ludwig II. after the division there was a dispute over the division of the Landgraviate. This led to the Hessian fratricidal war . Despite the fortification of the town of Borken carried out in 1468, the town and Borken Castle were devastated by the fighting in 1469. During the first conquest by Ludwig II on January 7, 1469, the fortified city fortifications could not stop the troops. Ludwig could not hold Borken long, however, because a few hours later troops from Heinrich III. Recaptured bark. On January 12th, Ludwig's troops appeared again in front of Borken. This time it was six days before they could storm it. The city and the castle were reduced to ashes.

Wilhelm Dilich : View of Borken 1591. The two watchtowers and the Protestant town church are clearly visible.

As the drawing by Wilhelm Dilich , shown in Synopsis descriptionis totius Hassiae tribus libris comprehensae , can be seen, the citizens of Borken rebuilt the city in a short time. Only Borken Castle was not repaired.

In 1473 the district court and the administration of the landgrave's possessions moved to the oldest surviving building in Borken. By 1570 the number of localities to be administered rose to thirty-four (this included Kalbsburg as the northernmost town , the easternmost Singlis , the southernmost Schlierbach and the westernmost town Brünchenhain near Jesberg ). By the middle of the 18th century the number increased to thirty-eight localities.

The Thirty Years War also affected Borken. In 1631 troops from Tilly , two Croatian troops in 1635 and Polish troops in 1636 plundered Borken.

In 1750 the administration of the city moved to the purchased town hall on the market square.

Recent history

The archive of the city of Borken was largely destroyed in a few fires in 1791 and 1792. The remaining documents were handed over to the Hessian State Archives in Marburg in 1982 together with the archives of the formerly independent, incorporated districts .

During the time of the short-lived Kingdom of Westphalia (1807-1813), Borken was the seat of a cantonal administration and a court of justice in the Hersfeld district . The canton was responsible for 16 villages and hamlets . 4,750 people in 581 households lived in the canton. After the end of the Kingdom of Westphalia, the Electorate of Hessen- Kassel was reconstituted. Thus, Borken was again the seat of an Electoral Hessian office. In 1821 the Borken office was merged with the offices of Homberg and Raboldshausen to form the Homberg district. The Borken Office was continued as the Borken Justice Office . The area of ​​the justice office comprised the city of Borken, 16 villages and two courtyards.

In 1842 4367 arable land belonged to Borken ; 2600 of them were used for agriculture. This year there were 177 houses with 1,378 inhabitants in Borken. Five fairs were held during this time .

Nothing changed in the division of the districts and judicial offices when Prussia carried out an administrative reform in 1867 after the annexation of Kurhesse after the German War . The Homberg district was incorporated into the Hesse-Nassau province . In a small administrative reform in 1932 in Prussia the circle was Homberg with the county Fritzlar for county Fritzlar-Homberg summarized; this was renamed on January 1, 1939 in the Fritzlar-Homberg district. In December 1947 the name "Borken (Bez. Kassel)", which had been used for decades, was officially recognized. In 1974 the districts of Fritzlar-Homberg, Melsungen and Ziegenhain were merged to form the Schwalm-Eder district as part of the Hessian district reform .

Latest story

In 1920 the administration moved to the Horse Drinking House 1 . Since 1938 it has been in the former "Gutshaus Koch", which was acquired by the Prussian Electricity AG .

In 1958 a new building with a judge and sergeant's apartment was built for the Borken district court . It was assigned to the Marburg district court until February 16, 1968 . In the course of the abolition of smaller courts (one-man courts), the court was incorporated into the Fritzlar District Court on July 1, 1968 . The district court district included the following places: Allendorf , Arnsbach, Betzigerode , Bischhausen , Borken, Densberg , Dillich, Dorheim , Elnrode-Strang , Freudenthal, Gilsa , Gombeth, Haarhausen, Hundshausen , Jesberg , Lembach , Lendorf, Nassenerfurth, Neuenhain , Niederurff , Oberurff- Schiffelborn , Pfaffenhausen, Reptich , Römersberg , Roppershain , Schlierbach , Singlis, Stolzenbach, Trockenerfurth, Verna , Waltersbrück , Wenzigerode , Zimmerrode , Zwesten . The Borken branch of the Fritzlar District Court was abolished on July 1, 1970 by ordinance of May 25, 1970. Thus, after more than 500 years of lower jurisdiction, only one local court remained in Borken .

Incorporations

In order to professionalize the administration, to create better coordination and coordination possibilities for larger planning areas and the realization of the principle of equality , the Hessian administrative and territorial reform was carried out. The first phase was the voluntary union of the communities. This was also promoted by financial benefits from the state. The communities Dillich, Freudenthal, Gombeth, Haarhausen, Lendorf, Pfaffenhausen (with the settlement areas : Marienrode and Gilserhof ), Singlis and Stolzenbach accepted this “gift” and on December 31, 1971, they incorporated into the town of Borken. The communities Kerstenhausen and Kleinenglis merged to form the new community Kleinenglis.

The Hessian Ministry of the Interior decreed on November 20, 1972 in the final model plan to incorporate the still "remote" communities into Borken. This was carried out on January 1, 1974 with the communities of Arnsbach, Großenenglis, Kleinenglis (with Kerstenhausen), Nassenerfurth and Trockenerfurth by virtue of state law.

Population development

The data for the districts are not contained in the graphics on population development, but can be found in the respective district article. For comparison, the development can be seen in three graphs: from 1570 to 1777, from 1777 to 1950 and from 1950 to 2007.

Population development in Borken from 1570 to 1747
number
1570
  
 146
1585
  
 155
1626
  
 140
1705
  
 110
1724
  
 208
1742
  
 115
Number of households / residents
1724
number status
92 Citizen
97 Resident
12 Sit down
50 Farmers
74 Traders and traders
22nd Others
? Women
? children
347 Total number

Secure data for the population development for the city of Borken have been available since 1540. The data of the graphics were taken from the State Historical Information System Hesse (LAGIS). Other sources are noted in the text with the corresponding year. To show the difference between the “official” count and the actual number, the year 1724 is shown in the table on the right as an example. Until the middle of the 18th century, the population was counted according to houses and / or male adults and not according to persons (men, women and children). Also were servants and maids not counted.

Between 1570 and 1777 the population of Borken was fairly constant at around 140 house-seated people . During this time three events that were detrimental to the population development occurred, the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) and the plague years of 1625/26 and 1635/36. The impact of the plague years is documented by the high number of 40 widows.

Population development in Borken from 1777 to 1950
number
1777
  
 699
1834
  
 1,329
1885
  
 1,273
1925
  
 1,660
1950
  
 3,760
1961
  
 4,334
1970
  
 5,130

The census from 1777 with 699 inhabitants was probably the first to cover the entire population. By 1834 there was a significant increase in population to 1329 inhabitants. The population size reached at that time remained approximately unchanged at 1226 until 1910. Inhabitants again quite constant. The constancy of the population may have resulted from the lack of large commercial or industrial enterprises and the fact that until the end of the 19th century 80% of the population were still active in forestry and agriculture.

By 1925 the population rose to 1666 inhabitants. In 1933 the population was 1,946.

Despite the departure and deportation of more than 200 Jewish fellow citizens between 1933 and 1939, an increase in the population was recorded in these years, due to the beginning expansion of the pits in the Borken lignite mining area in the course of the self-sufficiency efforts of the Third Reich . The population rose to 2101 in 1939.

After the Second World War , the population rose to 3706 in 1950 due to the influx of refugees from the former eastern regions of the German Empire .

The following years were marked by steady population growth. In the period between 1955 and 1965 there were the baby boomers in Germany. Furthermore, the influx of guest workers to work in mining and in the PREAG power plant and the arrival of their families had a positive impact on the population development. The construction of the Volkswagen factory in Kassel in Baunatal also contributed to the population growth of Borken. In 1961 the population grew to 4,334 and in 1970, the last year before the incorporation, to 5130.

Population development in Borken from 1950 to 2007
number
1950
  
 3,760
1961
  
 4,334
1970
  
 5,130
1970
  
 14,400
2009
  
 12,914

The third graphic shows a massive increase in population between 1961 and 2007 as a result of the incorporation (see also districts ). No figures are available for the years of incorporation, so the year 1970 is given. There was no further increase in the population between the incorporation and 2007. Only the core city had a minimal (≈ 2.8%) population increase during this period. The city districts lost up to 44% of the population during this period (Gombeth, for example, lost over 250 residents (≈ 25%) and Haarhausen ≈ 44%).

Religions

Christianity

In the engraving by Matthäus Merian in the Topographia Germaniae and there in the volume Topographia Hassiae et Regionum Vicinarum (1646), the Protestant town church can be clearly recognized.

The Christian faith has been practiced in Borken since the 8th century. Boniface's companions are said to have built a wooden church dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The first documented pastor was the Magister Heinrich Pleban zu Borken in 1231. The document dealt with the tithe waiver and donation to the monastery Haina . At the time there is said to have been a solid church from the 12th century. This was destroyed in the Hessian civil war in 1469 and rebuilt by the citizens of Borken. In 1841 this church was torn down and replaced by a new building, the current Protestant city church (see section Protestant city church ). In 1523 the Borken Christians became Protestant in the course of the Reformation , three years before the Homberg Synod , as a result of which the decision was made to introduce the Reformation in the Principality.

It took over 300 years until 1861 for Catholics to reside in Borken again.

Judaism

Individuals of the Jewish faith are said to have lived in Borken as early as the 14th and 15th centuries . The first documentary mention of Jews took place in 1596. In 1777 there were 7 families with 28 people and their own Jewish schoolmaster living in the village. The Jewish community grew in 1854 to 120 people in 25 families. Their professions were shoemaker, bookbinder, butcher and trader. In 1861 the community comprised 164 people, in 1895 there were 204.

The Jewish community had had its own school since 1777, which was passed on to the Borken community in 1823. Lessons were held in what is now Bahnhofstrasse 84 and in Hintergasse 1 in rented rooms. In 1845 the Jewish school was recognized as an elementary school. In the years 1895/1896 a new school building was built in the horse trough 12 . In 1934 the National Socialists closed the Jewish school.

A converted barn was used as a synagogue from 1825, the year of which is not known. The two-story half-timbered building had space for 66 men and 34 women. The synagogue was devastated by NSDAP members on the evening of November 8, 1938, during the Night of the Reichspogrom . The Jewish community then sold the synagogue and schoolhouse to the city of Borken under the pressure of the circumstances at the time. The synagogue building, which was used as a warehouse during the war years, was sold to a private owner after the war, who had it demolished in 1954 in order to build a stable on the site.

The Jewish cemetery is located near the center of Borken on the corner of Jahnstrasse and Teichgartenweg.

Of the 44 Jewish Borken families who had shops or goods in Borken on January 1, 1933, only 6 of them knew their whereabouts at the end of World War II. The Jewish residents, who have "moved away unknown", were murdered in concentration camps . This emerges from the instructions of the Secret State Police .

On September 30, 1937, 60 people of Jewish faith were still living in Borken. On August 25, 1942, only three people of Jewish faith lived in Borken. These were brought to Kassel on September 7, 1942 and deported with other Jews from Northern Hesse on a special train of the Reichsbahn to the Theresienstadt concentration camp . A list of Jewish victims of National Socialism is available from the Federal Archives .

In the district Borken there are two field names , the Jews and the Jews hedge garden in the southeast, the attention of the Jewish faith to citizens.

Borken brown coal area

Sculptures in Borken as a reminder of the lignite mining, symbolic figures for professional groups, such as opencast mining machinists, power workers, power plant fitters

From the end of the 19th century to the 1990s, the most important Hessian lignite deposits were mined in the Borken region and converted into electrical energy in the large Main-Weser power station , built and operated by Preussische Elektrizitäts AG . The lignite was mined in 13 opencast mines and in six underground mines . The opencast mines reached a depth of up to 150 meters, the underground mines up to 170 meters.

With the end of the cost-effective mining of coal reserves, the Stolzenbach mine disaster on June 1, 1988 and the shutdown of the Borken power plant on March 15, 1991, this historical epoch, which had had a lasting impact on the economy, landscape and people, ended. Since then, the former lignite mining area has been in the process of being restructured into a service center.

In the 21st century, the Borkener Seenland and the Hessian Lignite Mining Museum combine the landmarks and legacies of the mining and power plant era into an adventure-oriented leisure and museum landscape.

politics

Borken is represented in the Hessian state parliament by the MP from the Schwalm-Eder II constituency, Regine Müller . In the German Bundestag , the representative of the Bundestag constituency Schwalm-Eder Edgar Franke is represented .

City Council

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the 2016 city council
   
A total of 37 seats
Parties and constituencies %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 33.9 13 51.2 19th 52.2 19th 54.3 20th
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 11.2 4th 18.2 7th 21.4 8th 22.4 8th
FWG Free community of voters 54.9 20th 27.2 10 26.4 10 23.3 9
LEFT The left - - 3.4 1 - - - -
total 100.0 37 100.0 37 100.0 37 100.0 37
Voter turnout in% 58.6 58.6 55.6 66.0

The size of the city ​​council is regulated in § 38 of the Hessian municipal code and depends on the number of inhabitants. As a city with over 10,000 inhabitants, 37 city councilors are to be elected in Borken.

The strongest parliamentary group is the FWG with 20, followed by the SPD with 13 and the CDU with 4 city councilors.

mayor

Since the end of the Second World War , Borken had the following mayors:

  • Heinrich Albrecht (April 26, 1945 to June 2, 1961)
  • Konrad Vogel (SPD) (June 3, 1961 to March 7, 1971)
  • Heinz Kniest (SPD) (July 12, 1971 to September 30, 1987)
  • Bernd Heßler (SPD) (October 1, 1987 to December 31, 2015)
  • Marcel Pritsch-Rehm ( FWG ) (from January 1, 2016)

In the direct mayor election on March 27, 2011, there was no candidate against Bernd Hessler. He was re-elected with a voter turnout of 57.9% with 63% yes-votes.

In the elections for the new mayor on September 6th, 2015, the FWG candidate Marcel Pritsch-Rehm managed to prevail against Carsten Schletzke (SPD) with 68.6% of all votes cast. For the first time - since the end of the war in 1945 - the office of mayor in Borken (Hesse) is no longer occupied by an SPD member. The turnout was 60.1%.

coat of arms

Seals and coats of arms with a direct reference to Borken have existed since 1254 . The first seal comes from Volpert von Borken with the surrounding inscription: "+ SIGILE VOLPTI DE BURKEN +". It was not until 1431 one appears city seal with the Hessian lion , the red in a white field stood. This white field was often embellished with silver. Over time, the silver oxidized bluish, so that the Hessian lion can be seen on a blue background in the representation of the Borken coat of arms in Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605.

  • Coat of arms of the city of Borken (Hesse) in Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605

  • Coat of arms of the city of Borken (Hessen) until 1950

  • Coat of arms of the state of Hesse

  • Coat of arms of the city of Borken (Hesse)

Blazon

"In silver, a gold armored red lion, which is covered with a six-pointed silver star on the shoulder."

The coat of arms was changed around 1681. The monochrome red lion became a red and white striped lion on a blue background. This coat of arms was carried by the city of Borken until 1950. In the middle of 1950 the coat of arms was changed because the State of Hesse claimed this coat of arms. In February 1951, the Hessian State Ministry granted the city of Borken the right to change the previous coat of arms and flag. As the above images show, the coats of arms are very similar in many areas. As a result, a red lion on a white background with a silver six-pointed star (the coat of arms of those of Ziegenhain and to differentiate it from the coat of arms of, for example, the city ​​of Braunschweig ) on the shoulder was introduced as the new coat of arms.

Town twinning

Since the early 1960s, the city of Borken and its districts have maintained partnerships with locations in European countries:

Since 1964, the city maintains Borken with the French community Méru ( chef-lieu of the canton Méru in Arrondissement Beauvais in Oise belonging to the region Hauts-de-France ) a twinning . For this partnership, both places received a certificate from the Franco-German Cultural Foundation in 1978 for the exemplary design of the partnership. In 1999 both places received the European diploma from the European Parliament . In addition, the city of Borken received from the Institute for European Partnerships and International Cooperation , the European Medal .

In 1966, the formerly independent district of Kleinenglis entered into a Franco-German partnership with the main town of Saint-Charles in the French municipality of Haucourt-Moulaine in the canton of Herserange ( Arrondissement Briey in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle in the Grand Est region ).

The formerly independent district of Großenenglis has had a partnership with the French municipality of Noailles in the Beauvais arrondissement since 1969 (part of the Oise department in the Hauts-de-France region).

In 1989 the city of Borken entered into a German-Austrian partnership with the Austrian municipality of Hüttschlag in the St. Johann im Pongau district in the Salzburg region .

In the course of German reunification , the city parliament decided to enter into a partnership with an East German municipality. On February 10, 1991, the German-German partnership with the city ​​of Teuchern in the Burgenland district ( Saxony-Anhalt ) was concluded at a meeting .

The city of Borken's most recent town twinning was decided in 2001 with the Polish municipality of Izabelin near Warsaw . The municipality of Méru decided in 2009 to join this town twinning in 2010.

Sponsorships

Culture and sights

Museums

Exhibits and visitors in the "Coal & Energy" theme park

The Hessian lignite mining museum , founded in 1992, presents numerous exhibits from mining and energy generation under the motto “Discover industrial culture - experience landscape change”, which are shown to visitors in demonstrations. The focus is on the underground and surface extraction of the raw material lignite, its use and the handling of the post-mining landscape .

Visitors can choose between four museum areas:

  • In the 3.5 hectare, adventure-oriented “Coal & Energy” theme park, rattling excavators, roaring turbines and smoking power station boilers illustrate the mining of coal and its energetic use.
  • A reconstructed tunnel shows the underground work and everyday life of the miners and the change in mining methods using original equipment.
  • A permanent exhibition presents the 400-year history of Hessian lignite mining.
  • The nature conservation information center Borkener See explains how new landscapes and lakes are created from former opencast mines.

The visitor mine and the exhibition on mining history are housed in the oldest building in the city of Borken Am Amtsgericht , built in 1473, in the old town. The coal & energy theme park and the directly affiliated nature conservation information center Borkener See are located at the open-air museum in front of the city gates.

View over the city area

Buildings

historical town hall

The historic town hall was built in 1611 in half-timbered construction. In 1777 the building was acquired by the city of Borken and used as the town hall until 1920. In addition, the Stadtsparkasse Borken was located in the building from 1859, the year it was founded . After the sale in 1920, the building was used as a butcher's shop, restaurant and residential building. In 1993 the city of Borken bought the building back and renovated it until it was "reopened" in 2009.

Evangelical town church

Evangelical town church Borken

At the place of today's Protestant town church there has been a church since the beginning of the 12th century. This was partially destroyed in the Hessian civil war and rebuilt in 1469. The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) also forced repairs to the church building. There has been an organ in the Protestant town church since (verifiably) 1676 . It had to be restored in 1699. However, in 1760 and 1767 , cracks in the vault repeatedly caused great damage to the organ. The church tower was rebuilt between 1684 and 1686 and had to be repaired as early as 1788. After a youngster was fatally injured by a falling stone in 1812, the parish considered a new building, also with regard to the frequent repairs. In 1841 the decision was finally taken and in 1843 the foundation stone for the new building was laid. On November 23, 1845, the church was inaugurated and given its intended purpose.

In 2010, as part of the renovation of the roof structure, the gable cross was dismantled and re- gilded and placed in its original place on October 30, 2010 as part of a festive ceremony.

Large Main-Weser power station

Main building of the decommissioned power plant

The large Main-Weser power plant was built in 1922/23 by the Großkraftwerk Main-Weser AG trade union according to plans by the industrial architects Werner Issel and Walter Klingenberg . In 1927 the Preußische Kraftwerk Oberweser AG , the Großkraftwerk Hannover AG and the union Großkraftwerk Main-Weser AG merged to form the Preußische Elektrizitäts AG , which operated the power station until it was closed on March 15, 1991.

Since its construction in 1922/23, the power plant has been expanded again and again, so that electricity generation rose from ten megawatts (MW) in 1923 to 356 MW by 1964 . This performance could be maintained until the early 1980s. Then the power plant output was reduced to 60 megawatts in 1991. The reason for this was the declining production of lignite in the pits of the Borken lignite area .

The extensions were demolished after the power plant was shut down and the demolition material was used to backfill part of the Gombeth pit . The buildings of the Borken power plant erected in the 1920s are listed as historical monuments .

A private investor bought the existing buildings and regularly holds flea markets there .

Water tower

The landmark of Borken: the water tower

The cityscape of Borkens is characterized by the landmark, the water tower , which can be seen from afar . It is built on the flower grove in the immediate vicinity of the Sportstadtion. Its ground floor is at a height of 264  m , the top of the tower at 309.5  m . Thus it reaches a building height of 45.50 m (including foundation 50.95 m).

It was built from August 1969 to May 1971. 2700 cubic meters (m³), mostly basalt rock , had to be excavated to anchor the water tower. For the construction, 1223 m³ of concrete and 126 tons  (t) of steel were used. The costs amounted to around 1.2 million German marks . Its surface is made of exposed concrete with a beige protective coating .

The tower shaft has a diameter of six and a height of 32.25 meters on eight floors. A staircase leads up to the outer wall of the tower. It encloses a square pipe shaft . Above that, at a height of 4.10 m, is a 25-meter long viewing gallery. It offers a good foresight over the urban area and the neighboring communities. The actual water tank , which holds 330 m³ of water (85 m³ of fire fighting water and 245 m³ of service water ) is located above the viewing gallery .

Monuments

Kaiserkreuz in Kleinenglis

A testimony of particular historical importance in the German Empire in the 15th century is the Kaiserkreuz in the Kleinenglis district. The Gothic monument, designed by an unknown sculptor, commemorates the murder of Duke Friedrich von Braunschweig and Lüneburg by Heinrich VII von Waldeck , Friedrich III. von Hertingshausen , Werner von Hanstein and Konrad (Kunzmann) von Falkenberg on June 5, 1400.

Wilhelm Dilich wrote about this in his Hessische Chronica of 1605:

"Alß also in by means of the unworthy Keizer Wenceslaus appalled by the Elector of the Reich and Friedrich H. Magni with the chain son Hertzog zu Braunschwig in his place as Keizer, but the Bishop zu Meintz, born from Nassau, he has against through the Count of Waldeck / and several Hessians from the nobility, including those of Falckenberg and Hertingshausen, hold onto the newly-elected Keyser and let them slain by Engeliss: and there is still a high stone creutz at the place where the deed performed. "

Another interpretation goes back to the fact that Heinrich von Waldeck owed the Duke of Braunschweig and Lüneburg 100,000 marks of silver and he tried to take the Duke prisoner.

Borkener Seenland

The Stockelache , the Singliser Surfsee , the emerging Gombether See and the nature reserve Borkener See in the post-mining landscape are used for tourism. The offer ranges from bathing, swimming, diving, beach volleyball, surfing and aqua golf to recreation, hiking and nature observation.

Regular events

The city of Borken offers a variety of regular events. The main venue is the community center.

Community center

Numerous events take place in the community center, including the Borken New Year's Concert on the first Sunday of the year . On the last Friday in January it is reserved for the New Years reception. The annually recurring Easter market takes place three weeks before Easter, on Sunday . The Borken arts and crafts market opens its doors on the first Sunday in November . The last regular event of the year is the Borken Christmas market on the third Advent (Friday to Sunday) in the community center.

Coal & Energy Theme Park

The season opening party of the coal & energy theme park of the Hessian lignite mining museum takes place on the last Sunday before Easter. The end of the season on the last Friday in October is also celebrated with a party.

Borken city festival

The city festival (originally Borkener Heimatfest) takes place on the second weekend in September each year in the inner city of Borken. It is a family festival and offers rides, a stage program with live music, games and fun for children, show booths and a Sunday shopping. This is intended to encourage the residents of the core city to identify with “their” bark.

North Hessian Wecke and Sausage Market

At the North Hessian Wecke- and Worschtmarkt on the last Sunday in September, butchers, bakers and direct marketers present their sausage and bread products. The Ahle Worscht has an outstanding position as a regional specialty. The bustle of the market is rounded off by a rich selection of wines, beers and spices.

Christmas Market

The last regular event of the year is the Borken Christmas market on the third Advent (Friday to Sunday) on the market square in front of the historic town hall.

Economy and Infrastructure

Entrance sign with a locomotive from the Borken lignite mining area

Borken is mainly characterized by small and medium-sized companies. The focus here is agriculture , trade , the service industry , recycling and banks . The local banks are Stadtsparkasse Borken (founded on March 15, 1859) and Raiffeisenbank Borken Nordhessen eG (founded on December 7, 1895). In addition, large logistics companies are based in Borken, which take on the logistics for automotive suppliers . In addition, the electricity distribution of E.ON Mitte is controlled by Borken.

traffic

Road entrance from the west on Kleinengliser Straße
The Borken (Hessen) train station on the Main-Weser Railway

The local public transport in Borken is organized by the North Hessian Transport Association (NVV) .

Street

The road network of Borken largely consists of state roads (L3148, L3150, L3223 and L3384) and district roads . The supraregional connection is given by the federal highway 3 (B 3) and the federal highway 49 (A 49). The federal highway 3 leads from the Borken junction of the A 49 via Kerstenhausen southwest in the direction of Marburg . In the region, the route from the Borken junction of the A 49 in the direction of Gudensberg (between Kleinenglis and Großenenglis via Kalbsburg ) is still referred to as the B 3 (old B 3).

The urban area and the neighboring communities are connected by bus lines.

rail

Borken and the Singlis district each have their own stations on the Main-Weser Railway . They are served by the regional express lines RE30 and RE98 as well as the regional train line RB38. The Borken train station is not barrier-free. The central part of the reception building of the Borken train station dates from 1849 and by Julius Eugen Ruhl , the single-storey extensions were not built until 1870.

education

Two primary schools and a cooperative comprehensive school with a special school branch are located in Borken . The formerly independent Teichgartenschule special school has been a special branch of the Gustav Heinemann School Teichgartenweg branch since the 2005/2006 school year . This name reminds of the former naming.

The Schwalmblick Kleinenglis primary school is responsible for the districts of Kleinenglis, Arnsbach, Großenenglis and Kerstenhausen. The primary school Schule am Tor in Borken is responsible for Borken, Freudenthal, Gombeth, Lendorf, Nassenerfurth, Pfaffenhausen, Singlis, Stolzenbach and Trockenerfurth . The two primary schools belong to the Schwalm-Eder-Kreis / Nord school association. This includes the Altenburg School in Bad Arolsen and the primary school Neuental-Zimmersrode in Neuental- Zimmersrode .

The Gustav Heinemann School Borken is a cooperative comprehensive school. In 2008 it had 35 classes with 845 students and 50 teachers. The school is run by the Schwalm-Eder district. It offers educational lunch care .

There are state high schools in Homberg ( Theodor-Heuss-Schule ) and Fritzlar ( König-Heinrich-Schule ) for students from Borken . In Bad Arolsen -Oberurff is the private CJD youth village-Christophorusschule Oberurff with junior high school and high school located in Fritzlar and private comprehensive school Ursulinenschule Fritzlar .

Personalities

Honorary Mayor

Bernd Heßler - Appointment as honorary mayor on December 18, 2015. The business administration graduate came from the economy and was the longest-serving mayor of the city of Borken (Hesse) from October 1, 1987 to December 31, 2015 at the turn of the millennium After the mining accident in 1988 a successful structural change in the large community. He was a city councilor since 1972, the youngest member of parliament in Hesse. Group chairman from 1977 to 1987. 1993 first mayor in Hessen, who was directly elected.

Honorary citizen

The city of Borken first granted honorary citizenship in 1971. So far this dignity has been given to eight citizens:

  1. Kurt Wolff (†), awarded on July 1, 1971
    Initiator of the Franco-German town twinning with Méru
  2. Alfred Möller (†), awarded on April 28, 1993
    Longstanding first city councilor and volunteer
  3. Kurt Keßler (†), awarded on September 25, 1996
    Farmer and home keeper
  4. Roswitha Schmidt-Weigand, awarded on December 11, 1998
    Secondary school teacher, local politician and volunteer
  5. Karl Schaub (†), awarded on November 6, 2004
    Power plant master, volunteer, involved in setting up the Hessian lignite mining museum
  6. Gerhard Möller, awarded on January 11, 2008
    Merchant and home nurse
  7. Anette Antignac and Stefan Skasa-Weiß, awarded on January 16, 2015
    City partnership Borken-Méru

Sons and daughters of the church

literature

  • Magistrate of the city of Borken (Ed.): 675 years of the city of Borken . Contributions to urban development. 1st edition. Riemann, Melsungen 1992.
  • Magistrate of the city of Borken (ed.): 25 years of the large community of Borken (Hesse) . Documentation in words and pictures. 1st edition. Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg 1996, DNB  96613477X .
  • Magistrate of the city of Borken (ed.): Borkener Jubilee Reading Book 775–2000 . Contributions to the history of the city. 1st edition. Magistrat der Stadt Borken, Borken 2000, ISBN 3-932739-08-6 .
  • Georg Landau : Description of the Electorate of Hesse . Theodor Fischer, Kassel 1842 ( books.google.com [PDF; 42.6 MB ; accessed on December 17, 2008]).
  • Literature by and about Borken in the catalog of the German National Library
  • Literature on bark in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Borken  - collection of images
Wikivoyage: Borken (Hessen)  - travel guide
Wikisource: Borken in Merian's Topographia Hassiae  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ xls file. Maps, references. In: BBSR Comparative City Observation. Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning , accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): West Hessian Senke . Geological structure. ( bfn.de [accessed on November 16, 2008]). bfn.de ( Memento of the original from July 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfn.de
  4. ↑ Municipality of Borken: land use. Agriculture: regional data. Hessian State Statistical Office, 2005, archived from the original on February 11, 2013 ; accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  5. ↑ a b c Magistrate of the city of Borken (Ed.): 25 years of the large community of Borken (Hesse) . Documentation in words and pictures. 1st edition. Wartberg, Gudensberg 1996, p. 4-7 .
  6. ^ W. Kubach: Kassel - Hofgeismar - Fritzlar - Melsungen - Ziegenhain . Lower Hesse in the early and high Middle Ages. In: Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz (Hrsg.): Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments . 1st edition. tape 50 . Phillipp von Zabern, Mainz 1982, ISBN 3-8053-0573-7 , p. 87-113 .
  7. ^ K. Weidemann: Kassel - Hofgeismar - Fritzlar - Melsungen - Ziegenhain . Lower Hesse in the early and high Middle Ages. In: Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz (Hrsg.): Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments . 1st edition. tape 50 . Phillipp von Zabern, Mainz 1982, ISBN 3-8053-0573-7 , p. 190-210 .
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Georg Strauss: From "Burcum" to the city of Borken . Contributions to urban development. In: Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Ed.): 675 years of the city of Borken . 1st edition. Riemann, Melsungen 1992, p. 2-7 .
  9. ↑ Hans Weirich: Document book of the Reichsabtei Hersfeld . In: Historical Commission for Hesse and Waldeck (Hrsg.): Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse and Waldeck . 1st edition. Elwert'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1936, ISSN  0342-2291 .
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Borken (Hesse). Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of September 21, 2012). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on October 2, 2012 .
  11. ↑ a b Wilhelm Rabe: How the city of Borken came about . Contributions to the history of the city. In: Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hrsg.): Borkener Jubiläums-Lesebuch 775–2000 . 1st edition. Magistrate of the City of Borken, Borken 2000, ISBN 3-932739-08-6 , p. 36-38 .
  12. ↑ Inheritance of the landgrave of Ludwig and Heinrich . In: Marburg State Archives (ed.): Landgraves Regesten online . Kopiar 8, No. 4, p. 127–135 ( cgi-host.uni-marburg.de [accessed December 16, 2008]). cgi-host.uni-marburg.de ( Memento of the original from February 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / cgi-host.uni-marburg.de
  13. ↑ a b c Dr. Landau: Contributions to the local history of Hesse . Bark. In: Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies (Hrsg.): Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies . tape 8 . Commissions-Verlage JJ Bohn'e, Kassel 1860, p. 90–92 ( full text in the Google book search [PDF; 19.7 MB ; accessed on January 28, 2016]).
  14. ↑ a b Georg Landau : Justice Office Borken . In: Description of the Electorate of Hesse . Theodor Fischer, Kassel 1842, p. 256 ff . ( Full text in the Google book search [PDF; 42.6 MB ; accessed on January 28, 2016]).
  15. ↑ Hans Schröder: The Borkener town halls . Contributions to the history of the city. In: Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hrsg.): Borkener Jubiläums-Lesebuch 775–2000 . 1st edition. Magistrate of the City of Borken, Borken 2000, ISBN 3-932739-08-6 , p. 59 .
  16. ↑ Hessian Archive Documentation and Information System [HADIS] (Ed.): DFG project retroconversion of archival finding aids . Stock 330: Borken (Hessen). ( staatsarchiv-marburg.hessen.de [accessed on November 16, 2008]).
  17. ^ City of Borken. (PDF (55.9kB)) Inventory 330: Finding aid. Archive Information System Hessen , accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  18. ^ Name of the city of Borken (district Kassel) in the Fritzlar-Homberg district. dated December 22, 1947 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1948 no. 1 , p. 1 , point 3 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3,9 MB ]).
  19. ^ Rolf Jehke: District Fritzlar-Homberg. In: Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874–1945 . January 1, 2010, accessed September 9, 2017 .
  20. ↑ Second law amending the Court Organization Act (Amends GVBl. II 210–16) of February 12, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1968 No. 4 , p. 41–44 , Article 1, Paragraph 6 a) ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 298 kB ]).
  21. ^ A b Court organization (establishment of branches of the local courts) of July 8, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1968 No. 28 , p. 1037 ff ., item 777, annex to § 2 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.8 MB ]).
  22. ^ Court organization (closure of the Felsberg, Spangenberg and Borken branches) from May 25, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 24 , p. 1222 , item 1224 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.4 MB ]).
  23. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts Fritzlar-Homberg, Melsungen and Ziegenhain (GVBl. II 330-22) of September 28, 1973 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1973 No. 25 , p. 356 , § 11 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
  24. ↑ The boundaries of the municipality of Borken are finally determined . In: Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hrsg.): Borkener Anzeiger . 2nd year, no. 43 . Dierichs + Co., Kassel October 25, 1973, p. 1 .
  25. ^ Uli Schubert: Municipal directory Germany 1900 . Homberg district. In: gemeindeververzeichnis.de . ( ulischubert.de [accessed on November 16, 2008]).
  26. ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Fritzlar-Homberg. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  27. ^ Roland Brandt: The Protestant parish Borken . Contributions to the history of the city. In: Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hrsg.): Borkener Jubiläums-Lesebuch 775–2000 . 1st edition. Magistrate of the City of Borken, Borken 2000, ISBN 3-932739-08-6 , p. 87-95 .
  28. ↑ Hans Damm: The history of schools and educational institutions in Borken . Contributions to the history of the city. In: Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hrsg.): Borkener Jubiläums-Lesebuch 775-2000 . 1st edition. Magistrate of the City of Borken, Borken 2000, ISBN 3-932739-08-6 , p. 150-152 .
  29. ↑ Information about the synagogue in Borken, May 21, 1946. Letter from the mayor in Borken to the district administrator in Fritzlar. In: Staatsarchiv Marburg (Ed.): Digital Archive Marburg . ( digam.net [accessed November 28, 2008]).
  30. ↑ Wolf Arno Kropat: Kristallnacht in Hesse . The Jewish pogrom of November 1938. In: Commission for the history of the Jews in Hessen (Hrsg.): Writings of the commission for the history of the Jews in Hessen . 1st edition. tape 10 . Commission for the History of the Jews in Hesse , Wiesbaden 1988, ISBN 3-921434-11-4 , p. 24 .
  31. ↑ Alemannia Judaica (ed.): The synagogue in Borken (Schwalm-Eder district) . ( alemannia-judaica.de [accessed on March 13, 2009]).
  32. ^ Alemannia Judaica (Ed.): Jewish cemeteries in the Schwalm-Eder district [Hesse] . ( alemannia-judaica.de [accessed on March 13, 2009]).
  33. ↑ List of Jewish businesses and residents of Borken before 1933 . Letter from the mayor in Borken to the district administrator in Fritzlar. In: Staatsarchiv Marburg (Ed.): Digital Archive Marburg . April 9, 1947 ( digam.net and digam.net [accessed November 28, 2008]).
  34. ^ Letter from the GeStaPo in Kassel to district administrators, mayors and the police. Detailed information on the preparations and lists of people. In: Staatsarchiv Marburg (Ed.): Digital Archive Marburg . August 25, 1942 ( digam.net [accessed December 4, 2008]).
  35. ↑ Surveys on “migrations” of the Jewish population . Letter from the mayor in Borken to the district administrator in Fritzlar. In: Staatsarchiv Marburg (Ed.): Digital Archive Marburg . October 2, 1937 ( digam.net and digam.net [accessed November 28, 2008]).
  36. ^ Letter from the GeStaPo in Kassel to district administrators, mayors and the police. Detailed information on the preparations and lists of people. In: Staatsarchiv Marburg (Ed.): Digital Archive Marburg . August 25, 1942 ( digam.net [accessed December 3, 2008]).
  37. ^ Alfred Gottwaldt, Diana Schulle: The "Deportations of Jews" from the German Reich 1941–1945 . An annotated chronology. 1st edition. marixverlag, Wiesbaden 2005, ISBN 3-86539-059-5 .
  38. ↑ Commemorative Book - Victims of Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945
  39. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  40. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
  41. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
  42. ↑ Elections . Mayoral elections. In: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt (Hrsg.): Statistics Hessen . ( web.statistik-hessen.de [accessed on March 5, 2012]). web.statistik-hessen.de ( Memento of the original from October 23, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / web.statistik-hessen.de
  43. ^ A b Hans Schröder: The coat of arms of the city of Borken . Contributions to the history of the city. In: Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hrsg.): Borkener Jubiläums-Lesebuch 775–2000 . 1st edition. Magistrate of the City of Borken, Borken 2000, ISBN 3-932739-08-6 , p. 79-83 .
  44. ↑ a b Werner Ide : Borken . The story of the old city. Self-published, Borken 1967, p. 44, 45 .
  45. ↑ Klemens Stadler: German coat of arms . The municipal coat of arms of the state of Hesse. In: Federal Republic of Germany . tape 3 . Angelsachsen-Verlag, Bremen 1967, p. 24 .
  46. ↑ Change of the coat of arms and the flag of the city of Borken (district of Kassel) in the district of Fritzlar-Homberg, Reg.-District of Kassel. dated February 26, 1951 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1951 no. 11 , p. 123 , point 220 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.0 MB ]).
  47. ↑ City partnerships and sponsorships. Magistrat der Stadt Borken [Hessen], accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  48. ↑ Méru ville Jumelée. Bark. Magistrate of the municipality of Méru, accessed on May 8, 2017 (French).
  49. ↑ City partnerships and sponsorships. European awards. (No longer available online.) Magistrate of the city of Borken, archived from the original on March 10, 2016 ; accessed on May 8, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.borken-hessen.de
  50. ↑ City partnerships and sponsorships. Haucourt-Moulaine-St. Charles. Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hessen), accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  51. ↑ City partnerships and sponsorships. Noailles. Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hessen), accessed on March 10, 2016 .
  52. ↑ City partnerships and sponsorships. Hüttschlag. Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hessen), accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  53. ↑ City partnerships and sponsorships. Teuchern. Magistrat der Stadt Borken [Hessen], accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  54. ↑ Teuchern. Partnerships. Administrative association Vier Berge-Teucherner Land , archived from the original on December 18, 2009 ; Retrieved October 24, 2009 .
  55. ↑ Gminy partnerskie. Gmina Izabelin, accessed May 8, 2017 (Polish).
  56. ↑ City partnerships and sponsorships. Izabelin. Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hessen), accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  57. ↑ Ville Jumelée. Izabelin. Magistrate of the municipality of Méru, accessed on May 8, 2017 (French).
  58. ↑ SOS Children's Villages (ed.): Köszeg . ( sos-kinderdoerfer.de [accessed on November 16, 2008]).
  59. ↑ Historic town hall. Magistrat der Stadt Borken [Hessen], accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  60. ↑ Evangelical town church received its gilded tower cross . In: Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hrsg.): Borkener Anzeiger . tape 44/2010 , November 5, 2010, p. 1.3 .
  61. ↑ Hans Schröder: The history of the Borkener water supply . Contributions to the history of the city. In: Magistrat der Stadt Borken (Hrsg.): Borkener Jubiläums-Lesebuch 775–2000 . 1st edition. Magistrate of the City of Borken, Borken 2000, ISBN 3-932739-08-6 , p. 203-220 .
  62. ↑ Matthias Kompfe, Markus Salzer and Philip Hofmann: Borken (Hesse): The water tower. (PDF (382kb)) (No longer available online.) Institute for Structural Engineering, archived from the original on March 13, 2005 ; accessed on May 8, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ingenieurbauwerke-hessen.de
  63. ^ Wilhelm Dilich: Hessische Chronica . Faithful facsimile print. Ed .: Wilhelm Niemeyer. 1st edition. Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel 1961.
  64. ↑ Atonement Crosses & Mordsteine ​​(Ed.): Kleinenglis . ( suehnekreuz.de [accessed December 2, 2008]).
  65. ↑ Events. Annually recurring events. City of Borken, accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  66. ↑ buns
  67. ^ Siegfried Lohr : Planning and buildings by the Kassel master builder Julius Eugen Ruhl 1796–1871. A contribution to the building history of Kassel and Kurhessen in the 19th century . Masch. Diss. Darmstadt [1982], pp. 348f.
  68. ↑ Special school branch ghs-borken.net. Gustav Heinemann School Borken, archived from the original on August 2, 2012 ; accessed on May 8, 2017 .
  69. ^ State education authority for the Schwalm-Eder district and the Waldeck Frankenberg district (ed.): Cooperation in school associations . Primary school. ( schulamt-fritzlar.hessen.de [PDF; 160 kB ; accessed on November 17, 2008]).
  70. ^ State education authority for the Schwalm-Eder district and the Waldeck Frankenberg district (ed.): Schwalm-Eder district school districts . Primary school. ( schulamt-fritzlar.hessen.de [accessed on November 17, 2008]).
  71. ^ Education server Hessen (Hrsg.): Gustav-Heinemann-Schule . Profile. ( region.bildung.hessen.de [accessed on November 17, 2008]).
  72. ↑ State Education Office for the Schwalm-Eder district and the Waldeck Frankenberg district (ed.): All-day schools addresses 2007/08 . S. 17 ( schulamt-fritzlar.hessen.de [PDF; 96 kB ; accessed on November 17, 2008]).
  73. ↑ Honorary Citizen. City of Borken, accessed on May 8, 2017 .