Haarhausen (Borken)

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Haarhausen
City of Borken
Coordinates: 51 ° 0 ′ 47 "  N , 9 ° 15 ′ 44"  E
Height : 186 m above sea level NHN
Area : 2.62 km²
Residents : 70  (Jul. 2018)
Population density : 27 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 34582
Area code : 06693

Haarhausen is the smallest district of Borken in the north Hessian Schwalm-Eder district . The 262 hectares of extensive district of the town is located southwest of the main town in Borken "Olmesgrund" between the Olmes and accrual Merrebach . The village itself is at an altitude of about 185  m above sea level. NN on a wide, north-facing mountain spur that ran out into the once marshy valley floor of the Olmes, a little west of the state road 3149 at county road 70 .

history

Haarhausen was first mentioned as Horhusen in 1234 , when the Lords of Guntershausen transferred their property there to the Haina monastery . The village has been documented under different names over the centuries: 1234 Horhusen, 1250 Horhusin, 1433 Harhusen, 1523 Harzhusen, 1550 Horhaußen, 1555 Hahrhaussenn and 1693 Haarhaußen. Around 1250 it is mentioned that the St. Stephan monastery in Mainz received income from goods in Haarhausen. The village belonged to the Landgraviate of Hesse and was given as a fief to Hessian noble families. In 1376 the village and court of Haarhausen were owned by those of Gleimenhain , from 1408 by those of Grifte , after their extinction in 1597 by those of Buchenau . Administratively, the village belonged to the Landgrave's Office of Borken , and the Landgraves also reserved the jurisdiction over the neck . The Lords of Buchenau sold the village to the Lords of Baumbach (Ludwig's branch of the Tannenberger Line) in Nassenerfurth , whose ownership was confirmed by the village and court in 1664 with a loan from the Landgrave widow and regent Hedwig Sophie . Renewals of this Baumbach fiefdom are notarized until 1822.

At the time of the Kingdom of Westphalia (1807-1813) Haarhausen belonged to the peace court and canton of Borken in the Hersfeld district . In 1814 it was again subordinate to the Hessian Office of Borken. In 1821 the Borken judicial office came to be in the newly formed Homberg district . With the administrative reforms in later years, Haarhausen belonged to the Prussian district of Homberg and Borken district court from 1867 , to the Fritzlar-Homberg district from 1932 (renamed Fritzlar-Homberg district in 1939), and from 1974 to the Schwalm-Eder district .

On December 31, 1971, the previously independent community was incorporated into the city of Borken (Kassel district) with seven other locations.

Population development

By 1570 there were about 30 house seats . In 1585 there were 39 households, but then the village seems to have steadily shrunk. In 1724 there were 32 households, in 1742 20 houses and 1747 18 houses. In 1775 there were 94 inhabitants. It was not until the 19th century that there was a certain boom, which lasted until after the First World War: 143 inhabitants were counted in 1834, 135 in 1885, and 141 in 1925. After that, the population fell again to 94 in 1939 from. It is not clear to what extent this is related to the emigration or extermination of Jewish residents. After the Second World War, the number fell to the historical high of 169 in 1950 due to the influx of bombed out and displaced persons, but by 1960 this number had dropped to 116 again. In 1970 the population was 130. Today there are around 90.

church

Evangelical Church in Haarhausen

The small village church was built in 1511, as evidenced by an inscription above the portal. There must have been structural changes in 1636 and 1888, as these dates can be found on the weather vane. The church used by the Protestant parish was and is a branch of Nassenerfurth. From the end of the 16th to well into the 18th century there was a dispute between the community of Haarhausen and the pastor of Nassenerfurth, who refused to hold church services in Haarhausen and insisted that the villagers come to church in Nassenerfurth. It was not until Haarhausen got a village teacher in 1726 that a compromise was reached according to which the teacher held reading services.

Jewish Cemetery

Southwest of the village, on the edge of the "Eichholz", between the street "Am Wasserwerk" and Zimmerröder Straße, there is a Jewish cemetery , which has presumably existed since the middle of the 16th century and originally had more than a dozen Jewish communities in the Borken-Jesberg area served. Whether or not Haarhausen itself, as a newspaper article from 1903 says, once had a fairly large Kehillah (Jewish community) is not clear, but at least around the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, Hebrew inscriptions on a number of houses are reported . After the directory by the Commission for the History of Jews in Hesse worked Hessian cemeteries are located in Haarhausen 372 grave stones from the determined action period from 1705 to 1940. Today's fenced cemetery area covers 0.78 hectares , but the entire area should once about 5 ha have been great. With the establishment of their own cemeteries in many of the surrounding communities in the course of the 19th century, use and maintenance continued to decline, and at the beginning of the 20th century the cemetery was and was only used by a few small communities ( e.g. Dillich , Zimmerrode ) in deplorable condition. The cemetery was only fenced in again in the 1920s.

literature

  • Werner Ide: From Adorf to Zwesten: Local history paperback for the Fritzlar-Homberg district. A. Bernecker, Melsungen, 1972 (pp. 156–157)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Haarhausen, Schwalm-Eder district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 27, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ City information - population figures. In: website. City of Borken (Hessen), archived from the original on July 23, 2018 ; accessed in July 2018 .
  3. ↑ Since it was enfeoffed by King Heinrich II in 1008, the St. Stephan monastery was owned by the court in the groves in the neighboring village of Dillich .
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 392 .
  5. ↑ See the article in the Frankfurter Israelitisches Familienblatt of February 26, 1903, printed by Alemannia Judaica