Immichenhain Monastery

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The monastery Immichenhain was originally a Norbertine - double monastery from which an Augustinian canon Women - pin emerged. It was located in the Immichenhain district of the Ottrau community in the Schwalm-Eder district in northern Hesse , at the western end and immediately above the village on the Niederterrasse and in the valley basin that was first mentioned in 1231 after the monastery was founded.

Monastery history

The establishment of the monastery was probably related to that of the Premonstratensian double monastery Wirberg around 1148/49. There, after the death of Manegold von Hagen and Wirberg , the Premonstratensian Otto von Cappenberg had his heir, Aurelia, to enter the Ilbenstadt monastery founded by his brother Gottfried von Cappenberg , and Manegold's widow, Immecha, to convert the Wirberg Castle into a monastery and her own entry forced or even forced into the same. In Immichenhain, the grove of Immicha, Manegold's widow is also named as the founder of a Premonstratensian double monastery, although the information on the founding date differ from 1124 to 1173–1175. The monastery church, today the village church of Immichenhain, was consecrated to St. Mary .

From 1263 the monastery was subordinate to the Wirberg monastery, and after the Wirberger sisters had changed to the order of Augustinian choir women in 1286 , the Premonstratensian double monastery in Immichenhain also became an Augustinian choir monastery. In the course of time, the monastery acquired some property in the area and in 1335 became the owner of the village of Immichenhain through a donation from Count Johann I von Ziegenhain , but remained of no great importance.

In 1441, under the influence of the Böddeken monastery, the monastery was reformed to a stricter and rule-abiding monastery life in the spirit of the Windesheim congregation . Further reforms took place in 1493–1497 at the instigation of Landgrave Wilhelm II.

Cancellation and subsequent use

With the introduction of the Reformation in the Landgraviate of Hesse , the monastery was abolished in 1527 by Landgrave Philip I. The remaining choir women were compensated and the monastery property became the landgrave's domain . In 1538, Landgrave Philipp enfeoffed his chamberlain and secret councilor Konrad (Kurt) Diede zum Fürstenstein with half of the former monastery property including accessories, d. H. the farms of Volkershof and Niederberf (today Berfhof and Berfmühle near Hattendorf ). The other half was used to finance court and state administration and parish costs . This fiefdom was renewed and expanded in 1544: it now comprised the monastery property including the building yard, the village of Immichenhain with the Weinzapf there, the Volkershof as well as income from Leimbach , Neukirchen , Riebelsdorf , Holzburg and the tithe to Niederberf. The Diede zum Fürstenstein remained in the possession of the estate and village of Immichenhain until the death of Wilhelm Christoph Diede zum Fürstenstein, royal Danish minister of state and envoy of the Duchy of Holstein-Glückstadt to the Perpetual Reichstag in Regensburg , in 1807.

During the Thirty Years' War , the Fulda abbot Johann Bernhard Schenk zu Schweinsberg tried to revitalize the monastery after the edict of restitution by Emperor Ferdinand II on March 6, 1629: he sent five monks to the monastery in 1631 , but still in the same place Troops of Count Tilly devastated the monastery and village in the 18th century , and the attempt to revive it was abandoned when the Landgrave regained control of Hesse.

When Wilhelm Christoph Diede zum Fürstenstein died on December 1, 1807 and left only daughters alongside his widow Margaretha Konstantine Louise, a born Countess von Callenberg from Muskau , Jérôme Bonaparte , by the grace of his brother, King of Westphalia, took possession and gave it on December 24, 1807 as a fiefdom to one of his favorites, the Council of State and later Minister-State Secretary Pierre Alexandre le Camus (1774–1824), when he was raised to the rank of Count von Fürstenstein. Only a few months later, on April 15, 1808, Jérôme converted the fief into allodial possession . Le Camus sold the Immichenhain estate to Court Marshal Baron von Boucheporn on August 11, 1809 for 200,000 francs. On December 23, 1810, Grand Duke Ludwig I of Hesse-Darmstadt, at the seller's request, confirmed that the buyer also owned the accessories located in the Grand Duchy. After the end of the Napoleonic interlude and the restitution of the Electorate of Hesse , the property was confiscated on January 18, 1814 and again the Hessian state domain. It was not until 1928 that the then independent manor district of Immichenhain was largely incorporated into Immichenhain.

Current condition

The former monastery and manor buildings at the western exit of the village in the direction of Hattendorf still belong to the Hessian state domain Immichenhain.

The former monastery church, a short rectangular building with simple, clear shapes, arched windows and a simple wooden tower, is today the Protestant parish church of Immichenhain in the parish Immichenhain-Ottrau of the Protestant church of Kurhessen-Waldeck . The baptismal font , which dates from the 12th century, has arched arcades and fields with ornamental and figurative depictions using the scratch technique, wall paintings from the first half of the 14th century and five grave slabs or epitaphs from the Diede zum Fürstenstein.

Coordinates: 50 ° 48 ′ 41 ″  N , 9 ° 20 ′ 59 ″  E

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Irene Crusius : Premonstratensians as a research task , in: Irene Crusius & Helmut Flachenecker (Hrsg.): Studies on the Premonstratensian Order , Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 2003, ISBN 3-525-35183-6 (p. 17)
  2. ^ Dietrich Christoph von Rommel: History of Hesse , Volume 5, Kassel 1835 (p. 391-392)
  3. ↑ Boucheporn's widow sued a few years later against the widow of the Count von Fürstenstein for a refund of the purchase price with interest and received the right on January 27, 1825. Franz Ferdinand Stickel: Contribution to the teachings of the guarantee and the legal validity of the actions of an intermediate ruler. Georg Friedrich Heyer, Gießen, 1826, pp. 1–4