Thermopsideae
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R.Br. |
Thermopsideae is a tribe in the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae) within the family of legumes (Fabaceae). It has a disjoint area in the temperate areas of the northern hemisphere .
description
Appearance and leaves
They are perennial herbaceous plants or shrubs .
The alternate leaves consist of a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf blade is unpaired pinnate with three pinnate leaves, or rarely reduced to one pinnate leaf. In some species the rhachis leaf is greatly shortened and the leaves appear to be divided into hands . The leaflets are opposite to each other on the rachis. Sometimes the leaf is reduced to a leaflet. There are stipules , but no stipules of the leaflets.
Inflorescences and flowers
Terminal racemose inflorescences are formed.
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorph are fünfzählig double perianth (perianth). The five sepals are arranged like roof tiles in the flower buds. The corolla has the typical structure of the Pea family with five petals . The stamens of the nine or ten stamens are all free or rarely two to three are fused together in the uppermost area. The dust bags are all the same. The only upper carpel contains one to many ovules . The upper part of the stylus is usually bare and directed upwards.
Fruits and seeds
The elongated, flattened or spherical legumes contain one to many seeds. The elongated kidney-shaped, ellipsoidal to disk-shaped seeds have a small hilum .
Systematics and distribution
The scattered distribution area of the Thermopsideae tribe ranges from temperate areas in North America to northeastern to central Asia, as well as the Mediterranean area .
The tribe Thermopsideae contains about six genera with about 50 species:
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Ammopiptanthus
S.H.Cheng : It contains only one species:
- Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maximowicz ex Komarov) SHCheng : It occurs in Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , southern Mongolia and the Chinese provinces of Gansu , Nei Mongol , Ningxia , western Xinjiang (Kashi).
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Anagyris L .: It contains only two species:
- Stinky shrub ( Anagyris foetida L. ): The range extends from the Mediterranean region through Asia Minor to the Arabian Peninsula and Mauritius .
- Anagyris latifolia Brouss. ex Willd. : It occurs in the Canary Islands .
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Baptisia Vent. : The 24 or so species are widespread in North America, for example:
- Indigolupine ( Baptisia australis (L.) R.Br. )
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Pickeringia Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray : It contains only one type:
- Pickeringia montana Torr. & A.Gray : It occurs only in California and Baja California .
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Piptanthus Sweet : The only two species are common in India , Kashmir , Bhutan , Nepal and China.
- Piptanthus nepalensis (Hook.) Sweet : It iswidespreadin the Himalayas .
- Piptanthus tomentosus Franchet : It thrives at altitudes between 3000 and 3800 meters in southwest Sichuan and western Yunnan .
- Thermopsis R.Br. : The approximately 25 species are distributed in central and eastern (over ten species) Asia and in (around ten species) North America.
swell
- Zhi Wei, J. Michael Lock: Thermopsideae , p. 100 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 10 - Fabaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2010. ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 (Description and Systematics Sections)
- Robert Hegnauer: Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen , Volume XIB-2, Leguminosae Part 3: Papilionoideae, Springer, 2013. ISBN 3-0348-7986-5 limited preview in the Google book search (Thermopsideae: Page 1037-1064)
- S. Ahangarian, S. Kazempour Osaloo, AA Maassoumi: Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Hedysareae with special reference to Onobrychis (Fabaceae) as inferred from nrDNA ITS sequences , In: Iranian Journal of Botany , 13, 2007, pp. 64-74.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thermopsideae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ A. Ortega-Olivencia, P. Catalán: Systematics and evolutionary history of the circum-Mediterranean genus Anagyris L. (Fabaceae) based on morphological and molecular data , In: Taxon , Volume 58, 2009, pp. 1290-1306.
- ^ Anagyris - entry at ILDIS = International Legume Database & Information Service - World Database of Legumes, Version 10.01. dated November 2005.
- ↑ Pickeringia - Entry at ILDIS = International Legume Database & Information Service - World Database of Legumes, Version 10.01. dated November 2005.