Titlis
| Titlis | ||
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 View from the north to the Titlis |
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| height | 3238 m above sea level M. | |
| location | Canton border Bern / Obwalden , Switzerland | |
| Mountains | Uri Alps | |
| Dominance | 6.84 km → Vorder Sustenhorn | |
| Notch height | 1014 m ↓ Susten Pass | |
| Coordinates | 676 312 / 180601 | |
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 Titlis east face |
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The 3238 meter high Titlis mountain is one of the most popular winter sports and excursion destinations in Central Switzerland in the Urner Alps mountain range .
location
The Titlis lies between the municipality of Engelberg in the north and the Gadmertal , which rises towards the Susten Pass , in the south, on the border between the cantons of Obwalden , Bern and Nidwalden . The latter has no part in the summit ridge , but has the regions below the summit that are best suited for mass winter sports and where most of the tourists stay in winter.
The Titlis is the highest mountain in a 20-kilometer-long mountain range that runs in a gentle curve from west-southwest to northeast between the Bernese Haslital and the Urner Reuss valley . To the south and east, the Titlis slopes steeply in steep walls. To the west only a narrow, jagged ridge connects it with the neighboring peaks. Only to the north, to the municipality of Engelberg, does the terrain run with a relatively moderate gradient and with two larger terraces.
geology
Essentially, the Titlis is built up from the unshifted lime sediment cover of the Aar massif from the Tethys , the so-called autochthon .
Its summit region is covered by a glacier which, at 1.7 km², is one of the small alpine glaciers. Like most alpine glaciers, the Titlis glacier is also heavily affected by the shrinkage caused by global warming . Locals and regulars alike can see the decline from year to year with their bare eyes.
history
In earlier times the Titlis was also called Wendenstock or Nollen . The next neighboring mountain to the west, somewhat smaller than the Titlis, but with a sharply jagged summit, is called Reissend Nollen .
According to a statement by Nathalie Henseler in the NZZ am Sonntag , the mountain probably owes its current name to an alpine estate: In a document from 1435 it is called Tuttels Berg , which indicates a person named Tutilo . From Tutilos mountain was more intermediaries Titlis mountain and finally Titlis .
The Engelberg documents offer another explanation : the name is derived from the characteristic shape of the top of the mountain, which is peculiarly reminiscent of the female breast. The medieval expression Düttel or Duttel , which can be found in today's vulgar word boobs , is eponymous for the mountain (sic).
There are also contradicting information about the first ascent of the Titlis: The Swiss side attribute it to an unnamed monk of Engelberg monastery and date it to the year 1739. Again, the Engelberg documents name a four-party team that reached the summit in 1744 as the first to climb. But it may well be that the summit, which is relatively easily accessible for a three-thousand-meter peak, has already been climbed by strangers.
On January 21, 1904, the Titlis summit was climbed for the first time on skis by the Engelbergers Joseph Kuster and Willi Amrhein . In March 1967 the cable car to Klein Titlis was opened.
Tourism and transport
Since the Sustental is sparsely populated in the south and winter and hiking tourism takes place on the gently sloping north side, the Titlis is only accessible from the north, from Engelberg, by mountain railways. From Engelberg, cable cars run in four large stages via the intermediate stations Gerschnialp , Trübsee and Stand to the mountain station Kleintitlis , the side summit of the Titlis at an altitude of 3,020 m . The large-capacity gondolas ( Titlis Rotair cable car ) on the last stage had a rotating cabin floor until 2014. The Titlis-Rotair was the world's first aerial cableway with rotating gondolas. A model of this cable car can be seen in the Swissminiatur -Park and in the Miniatur Wunderland . New types of gondolas have been in use since November 2014, in which the entire gondola cabin rotates in the same way on its suspension by 360 ° during a journey, and not just the floor. So the passengers get to see the complete all-round panorama while driving.
From Klein Titlis there is a far-reaching view: towards west-south-west you can see the giant mountains of the Bernese Oberland , Finsteraarhorn , Wetterhorn , Schreckhorn or Mönch and Eiger . To the south you can see the cones of the Sustenhorn and the Dammastock with their glaciers. To the west-northwest you can see across four small lakes to the Melchtal . To the north, through the Engelberg valley and the mountain ranges that border it, the view of Lake Lucerne and the Swiss Plateau opens up .
Additional ski lifts and chairlifts in stages between the Titlis summit and Engelberg open up a large hiking and skiing area that can be accessed from the Mittelland via the Gotthard motorway A2 or via the central railway line from Lucerne via Stans. The former mountain route between Obermatt and Engelberg, which is up to 246 ‰ steep, has been bypassed by the 4,043 m long Engelberg tunnel since the end of 2010 .
In December 2012, on the Titlis at 3,041 m above sea level. M. opened the approximately one hundred meter long Titlis Cliff Walk . The bridge, advertised as the “highest suspension bridge in Europe”, leads over a 500-meter drop. From the mountain station the way to the bridge goes through a 140 meter long underground tunnel in the south wall window. The other end of the bridge leads to the mountain station of the Ice-Flyer glacier chairlift .
Panorama
Web links
- Edy von Wyl, Rolf De Kegel: Titlis. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Mountains and their names ( Memento from December 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), by Nathalie Henseler
- History of the Titlis from the perspective of the Engelberg documents
- Titlis from the perspective of the Swiss side
Individual evidence
- ↑ This is the new gondola on the Titlis , new Luzerner Zeitung online from November 14, 2014 , accessed on February 11, 2015
- ↑ Icy opening of the suspension bridge on the Titlis , online article in the Neue Obwaldner Zeitung from December 7, 2012