Treyden (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Treyden

Treyden , also Treiden , originally Thoreyda after the Turaida fortress of the same name in Livonia , is the name of an extinct Baltic nobility .

history

The origin of the Treyden is unknown. It is commonly assumed that they were knightly castle men, like the Salis , with whom they also had the same coat of arms. It is also assumed that both sexes were related to each other and to the Mayguthe , Junge , and Ohal , who also had an identical coat of arms.

In any case, the family first appeared in March 1257 with the brothers Hinricus et Thidericus fratres de Thoreyda as vassals of the Bishop of Riga .

The Treyden were able to fill important offices early on and were among the more respected families of old Livonia .

Estonia

It can only be assumed whether Bernhard Thoreyde, mentioned as a royal Danish vassal in 1344, belonged to the family. In 1410 Hinrik Treyden was assessor of Commander Friedrich von Welda in Reval . Already in 1409 Claus Treyden , Hinkes son, his cousin Claus Treyden , Claus son sold the Allo estate with the farms Sicklecht, Kergefer, Nychtko and Usekallo. The latter sold the property on in 1411. In 1417 Heinrich Treyden († before 1438) and from 1423 to 1427 Hans Treyden († before 1429) were judges in Harrien . In 1443 Hans Treyden was assessor in the Harrischen Manngericht and assessor in Nappel . Hans Treyden , Jürgen's son, sold the village of Myle in 1492 and in the same year Claus Treyden acquired the Mecks estate .

Christoph von Treyden († after 1599), heir to Riesenberg , which his wife Elisabeth von Fahrensbach carried to him, was executed by the Swedes after he was convicted of a conspiracy in favor of King Sigismund III. condemned by Poland . Riesenberg was first collected, but transferred back to his widow in 1612. A daughter brought the estate to the Estonian district administrator Otto Wilhelm von Taube († after 1663) into the marriage in 1641 .

In Estonia, the Treyden also owned Sompäh , Samm , Kornall and Hallinap in the 16th century . The family started out in Estonia in the 17th century.

Donkey

The secured trunk line of the Treyden line in Oesel begins with Hans Treyden (†), heir to Hüers , Koik and Saltack . Of his three sons, the middle one, Rotger Treyden († 1583) donated the Kurland line, his youngest son Godert Treyden († before 1619), heir to Hüers, continued the line in Oesel. His son Claus von Treyden († after 1653) was an Estonian district administrator and heir on Hüers, Orrisaar , Saltack. His older son Otto Ernst von Treyden († after 1674) donated a Livonian branch to Herrenhof , the younger son Claus von Treyden († before 1698), was royal Swedish cavalry master and heir to Orrisaar and Saltack continued the line in Oesel. With his son Otto Ernst von Treyden († before 1717), also Rittmeister, the male line of the line on Qesel has expired. The latter had two daughters, both of whom were married to Swedish officers and died around the middle of the 18th century.

The Treyden still owned the Jöör , Karridahl and Ruttjall estates in Oesel and were registered with the Oesel Knighthood (No. 98).

Livonia

Ruprecht von Treyden († before 1601), received from the Swedish King Carl IX. Somel denied that his wife, one of Brackel , had previously told him. His son Robert must have died before him, because the estate was passed on to Gerhard von Lode through his sister Anna Maria .

Otto Ernst von Treyden zu Herrenhof in Livonia became the owner of Oesel . His son Karl Gustav von Treyden († 1734) was a royal Swedish major . His widow, Christina Helena von Wolffeldt (* 1680; † 1746), sold Herrenhof well in 1745 to Major Gustav Wilhelm von Taube. The only presumed daughter, Gertruda Dorothea († 1751), married Johann Gustav Kohl decided on this branch.

In Livonia , the family owned Ruthern, Udenküll and Wichmannshof in the 16th and 17th centuries .

Courland

Rotger Treyden heir on Hüers, son of Hans auf Saltack, bought the Dserwen farm in Courland in 1583 . The Kurländische Linie founded by him found its beginning with Levin von Treyden († 1698), hereditary lord on Dserwen. Nevertheless, the Courland Treyden were subsequently included in the Courland Knighthood (No. 159) according to parish resolutions when the knight's bank was regulated .

In Courland, the Treyden also owned the Eckau , Grabsten , Nowadland, Sillen and Sintern estates .

There is no proven kinship to the Courland Trotta called Treyden that until the 16th century also Treyden were called, but led to another crest and their living, not attributable to the noble descendants back of Treyden call.

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows two red, crossed and uprooted lilies in gold . On the helmet with a red and gold bulge and red and gold covers, the lilies between a golden flight .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Genealogical handbook of the Baltic knighthoods . Part 2, 1.2: Estonia. Görlitz 1930, p. 237, FN 5 middle .
  2. ↑ cf. Hermann von Bruiningk , Nicolaus Busch (ed.): Livonian goods documents. Riga 1908, Volume 1, No. 24.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Maximilian Gritzner : The nobility of the Russian Baltic provinces. 1898, p. 462.
  4. ↑ Erik Thomson , Georg Manteuffel-Szoege : Castles and manors in the Baltic States. W. Weidlich, 1959, Vol. 7, p. 33.
  5. ↑ a b Genealogical manual of the Oesel knighthood. 1935, p. 609.
  6. ^ Leonhard von Stryk : Contributions to the history of the manors of Livonia. Part One: The Estonian District. Dorpat 1877, p. 144.
  7. ^ Heinrich von Hagemeister : Materials for a history of the country estates of Livonia. Volume 2, p. 126.