Albert Suerbeer
Albert II. Suerbeer (* late 12th century in Cologne , † between November 1272 and March 1273 in Riga ) was the first archbishop of Riga .
Life
Albert studied at the Sorbonne , graduated with a master's degree and became a cathedral scholar in Bremen . After the death of Albert von Buxthoeven in 1229 he was appointed Bishop of Riga by the Archbishop of Bremen, Gerhard von Oldenburg . The cathedral chapter of Riga did not recognize the appointment and chose its own candidate, the Magdeburg canon Nikolaus von Nauen , who was given by Pope Gregory IX. 1231 was confirmed.
Thereupon Albert was ordained Archbishop of Armagh on September 30, 1240 , becoming Primate of Ireland . After participating in the Council of Lyon in 1245, where he continued to show himself as a supporter of the Pope, he left Ireland because Pope Innocent IV needed him in a dispute with Emperor Frederick II in Germany. The Pope therefore appointed him Archbishop of Prussia , Livonia and Estonia on January 10, 1246 , and Legate of Gotland , Holstein , Rügen and later of Russia on March 19 . In 1247 he got the vacant Diocese of Lübeck and became administrator of the Diocese of Chiemsee .
After Nikolaus von Nauen's death in 1253, Riga became the archbishopric and Albert became archbishop. The dioceses of Dorpat , Ösel , Kurland , Samland , Pomesanien , Ermland and Kulm were subordinate to him. According to a compromise that came about under Wilhelm von Modena , Albert promised to stop his activities against the Teutonic Order .
In 1267 Albert allied himself with Gunzelin , the son of the Count of Schwerin, who came to Livonia as a crusader . Albert appointed Gunzelin as an advocate (governor) of his diocese, which led to a deep conflict with the Livonian Order . While Gunzelin was recruiting troops in Germany, the Order held Albert prisoner. He was forced to recognize the authority of the order.
literature
- Wilhelm Mantels: Albert II. (Suerbeer) . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, pp. 202-204.
- Heinrich Laakmann : Albert II. Suebeer. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , pp. 130 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz : Albert II. Suerbeer. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 84.
- Anti Selart: The mendicant monks in the Baltic Sea area at the time of Archbishop Albert Suerbeer of Riga (mid-13th century) . In: Journal for East Central Europe Research , Vol. 56 (2007), pp. 475–499.
- Bernhart Jähnig: Albert Suerbeer (OP) († 1272/73). In: Erwin Gatz (Ed.): The Bishops of the Holy Roman Empire 1198 to 1448. Vol. 1, pp. 647–648.
- Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Albert Suerbeer. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Robert Archer |
Archbishop of Armagh 1240–1246 |
Reginald |
Albert |
Administrator of Chiemsee 1246–1247 |
Heinrich I of Bilversheim |
John I. |
Bishop of Lübeck 1247–1253 |
John II of Diest |
Nikolaus von Nauen |
Archbishop of Riga 1253–1273 |
John I of Lune |
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Suerbeer, Albert |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Suerbeer, Albert II. |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-Baltic Archbishop of Riga |
DATE OF BIRTH | before 1200 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Cologne |
DATE OF DEATH | March 1273 |
Place of death | Riga |