Vanadium (IV) chloride
Structural formula | |||||||||||||||||||
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General | |||||||||||||||||||
Surname | Vanadium (IV) chloride | ||||||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | VCl 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Brief description |
reddish-brown liquid with a pungent odor |
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properties | |||||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 192.75 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Physical state |
liquid |
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density |
1.82 g cm −3 |
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Melting point |
−28 ° C |
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boiling point |
154 ° C |
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Vapor pressure |
7.9 h Pa (20 ° C) |
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solubility |
decomposes in water with violent reaction |
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safety instructions | |||||||||||||||||||
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Toxicological data | |||||||||||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Vanadium (IV) chloride is a chemical compound from the group of chlorides . It is in the form of an unstable, non-flammable, reddish-brown liquid with a pungent odor. When exposed to light or humidity, it decomposes with the formation of chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride .
Extraction and presentation
Vanadium (IV) chloride is by chlorination of the vanadium extracted at about 300-350 ° C.
properties
Vanadium (IV) chloride is a dark red-brown, viscous liquid that smokes in air. Hydrolysis takes place with water (blue solution). It is soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid (brown solution) and ether (deep red solution). Vanadium (IV) chloride is a powerful oxidizing agent .
Vanadium (IV) chloride slowly releases chlorine at room temperature as it disproportionates into the trichloride :
This can lead to the rupture of tightly closed vessels. Solutions can be stored in carbon tetrachloride without the risk of decomposition , from which it can be obtained in pure form by fractionation if necessary .
use
Vanadium (IV) chloride is used for the production of other vanadium compounds, as well as in organic syntheses and as a catalyst in the polymerisation of alkenes . For example, for the coupling of phenols :
safety instructions
Vanadium (IV) chloride decomposes in water with violent reaction. It is classified as a carcinogen and germ cell mutagenic category 2.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Entry on vanadium (IV) chloride in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on July 23, 2016(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b c Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1412.
- ^ AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 , p. 1548.