Waldemar Christofer Brøgger (geologist)

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Waldemar Christofer Brøgger, 1922

Waldemar Christofer Brøgger (born November 10, 1851 in Christiania, today Oslo , † February 17, 1940 ibid) was a Norwegian mineralogist and geologist .

Life

Waldemar Christofer Brøgger was born in 1851 as the son of the Norwegian print shop owner and publisher Anton Wilhelm Brøgger and his wife Oline Marie, b. Bjerring, born in Christiania, today's Oslo, and attended the local cathedral school . He first studied zoology at the Royal Friedrichs University and worked on the mollusks in the Oslofjord. Under the influence of Theodor Kjerulf , he turned to geology. With his fellow student Hans Reusch , he published works on glacier pots in the Oslo area ( Jættegryder ved Christiania, Copenhagen 1874) and the apatite deposits near Oslo, which also attracted international attention. Both became employees of Norges geologiske undersøkelse (Geological Service of Norway) and went on excursions to Corsica and Elba in 1875/76 .

In 1881 Brøgger became professor of mineralogy and geology at Stockholm University of Technology . He turned down a call to Uppsala in 1886 because of the prospect of a professorship at the University of Oslo, which he took up in 1888 as the successor to the late Kjerulf.

He was dean of natural sciences in Oslo several times and rector of the university from 1907 to 1911. In 1917 he resigned from his professorship to devote himself to research and science organization. Brøgger was also instrumental in founding the Geological Museum in Oslo (Tøyen), which was built from 1920 and opened in the same year.

The prehistorian and politician Anton Wilhelm Brøgger (1884–1951) was his son.

Scientific work

He worked in particular on the igneous rocks of the Oslo region and the differentiation processes in plutonites and volcanites . Brøgger also researched the Paleozoic Norway and Quaternary geology (fluctuations in sea level in the Oslo area). Many first descriptions of igneous rocks (e.g. carbonatite ) come from him , not all of them are still part of the petrographic nomenclature today. In 1923 his geological overview map for the Oslograben ( Geologisk Oversiktskart over Kristianiafeltet ) , developed with Jakob Schetelig, appeared on a scale of 1: 250,000.

The Mount Brøgger in East Antarctic Victoria Land and Brøgger Glacier on South Georgia him are named in his honor.

Honors and memberships

In 1891 he received the Murchison Medal and in 1911 the Wollaston Medal of the Geological Society of London . He was honorary doctor of the Universities of Cambridge, Oxford, Heidelberg, Glasgow, Stockholm and Uppsala and a member of the Royal Norwegian Academy of Sciences , of which he was President from 1915 to 1923 and then alternately Vice President and President until 1935 (when he became an honorary member) of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala (1889), the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (1890), the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences (1892), the Russian Academy of Sciences (1898), the Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhetssamhället i Göteborg (1900), the Göttingen Academy of Sciences (1902), the Royal Physiographical Society in Lund (1903), the National Academy of Sciences (1903), the Académie des sciences (1904), the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1905), the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1914), the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (1902), the Prussian Academy of Sciences (1924) and Fellow de r Royal Society . In 1927 he received the first Gunnerus gold medal from the Royal Norwegian Academy of Sciences. In 1895 he became a knight of the Order of Saint Olav, 1st class, in 1902 its commander and in 1911 he was awarded the Grand Cross level.

Fonts (selection)

  • The Silurian Levels 2 and 3 in the Christiania area and on Eker (1882)
  • About the educational history of the Kristianiafjord. a contribution to the understanding of the fjord and lake formation in Scandinavia. Kristiania 1886.
  • The igneous rocks of the Kristianiag region. 7 parts, Videnskapsselskapets Skrifter I. Math.-naturvet. Class: 1894 No. 4; 1895 No. 7; 1897 No. 6; 1920 No. 9; 1930 No. 6; 1932, No. 7; 1933 No. 1 (also comparison with the eruptive province of Predazzo in South Tyrol in Part 2 and about the Fen area in Telemark in Part 4)
  • with N. Rolfsen: Fridtjof Nansen 1861–1893. Copenhagen 1896. (German translation by Eugen von Enzberg)
  • Om de senglaciale and postglaciale Nivåforandringer i Kristianiafeltet (1900–1901)
  • Strandlines Beliggenhed under Stenalderen i det sydøstlige Norge (1905)
  • The minerals of the granite pegmatite dikes in southern Norway. (in two parts) Videnskabsselskabets skrifter. Math.-naturvet. Class, Kristiania 1906 (niobates, tantalates, titanates and titanoniobates), 1922. (rare earths silicates)
  • Fridtjof Nansens Fond til videnskapens fremme. 1896-1916. Kristiania 1916.
  • with Jakob Schetelig, Thorolf Vogt: The minerals of the southern Norwegian granite pegmatite dikes. In: Videnskapsselskapet i Kristiania, Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig class. Kristiania 1922.1.
  • Om rombeporfyrgangene og de dem ledsaagende forkastninger i Oslofeltet. Oslo 1933.
  • The South Norwegian hyperites and their metamorphism. Oslo 1934.

Geological maps

  • with Brit Hofseth: Geologisk kart over Levanghalvøen og omgivelser 1:50 000. Holleia og Troms 1942.
  • with Jakob Schetelig: Geologisk Oversiktskart over Kristianiafeltet 1: 250 000. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse, Kristiania 1923.
  • with Jakob Schetelig: Eiker, geologisk kart, 1: 100 000. Norges Geografiske Opmaling, Oslo 1935.

Essays

  • with PT Cleve and others: The minerals of the syenite pegmatite veins of the southern Norwegian augite and nepheline syenites. In: Journal of Mineralogy and Crystallography. Volume 16, 1890.
  • Norges geologi. In: Rolfsen, Werenskiold (ed.): Norge i det nittende Aarhundrede. 1900, pp. 1-32.

literature

  • Mayor Bøggild: Brøgger, Waldemar Christoffer . In: Christian Blangstrup (Ed.): Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon . 2nd Edition. tape 4 : Bridge-Cikader . JH Schultz Forlag, Copenhagen 1916, p. 178-179 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
  • Waldemar Christofer Brøgger. In: Store Norske Leksikon. ( snl.no ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Brøgger, Reusch: Occurrence of the apatite in Norway. In: Journal of the German Geological Society. Volume 27, 1874, pp. 646-702.
  2. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Volume 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Series 3, volume 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 50.
personal data
SURNAME Brøgger, Waldemar Christofer
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Norwegian mineralogist and geologist
DATE OF BIRTH November 10, 1851
PLACE OF BIRTH Oslo
DATE OF DEATH February 17, 1940
Place of death Oslo