Wassyl Krychevskyi

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Wassyl Krychevskyi 1928
Ukrainian postage stamp from 1997

Vasyl Hryhorowytsch Krytschewskyj ( Ukrainian Василь Григорович Кричевський , Russian Василий Григорьевич Кричевский / Vasily Grigorievich Krichevsky ; * December 31, 1872 . Jul / 12. January  1873 greg. In Vorozhba , Kharkov Governorate , Russian Empire ; † 15. November 1952 in Caracas , Venezuela ) was a Ukrainian art scholar, landscape painter , architect , graphic artist and set designer .

Life

Vasyl Krychevskyj was born as the eldest son of a Jewish country doctor who had converted to Orthodox Christianity and a Ukrainian medical assistant in the village of Vorozhba ( Ворожба ) in what is now Lebedyn district of the Ukrainian Oblast of Sumy . He grew up in Lebedyn with his younger brother Fedir Krychevskyj , who also became a painter .

Between 1889 and 1892 he studied architecture at the Technical University in Kharkiv and then worked briefly in construction companies and architectural offices and from 1893 to 1902 in a well-known Kharkiv architecture office.

He achieved first public recognition in 1903 after winning an architecture competition for the design of what is now the Poltava Regional Museum, thereby setting a new style based on the traditions of Ukrainian folk architecture and thus triggering a trend among young architects in Ukraine.

As a painter he was strongly influenced by impressionism . He created around 300 paintings, mostly landscapes and Kiev cityscapes, mostly in oils and watercolors. His pictures were first exhibited in 1897 in Kharkiv. Further exhibitions in Saint Petersburg (1899 to 1902) and Kiev (1910 to 1913) followed.

Between 1907 and 1910 he designed sets and costumes for around 15 plays at the Mykola Sadowskyj Theater in Kiev and from 1917 to 1918 he worked at the Ukrainian National Theater .

In 1917 he was one of the founders of the National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture in Kiev, where he also taught as a professor. In 1918 he was commissioned by Mychajlo Hruschewskyj , the first President of the People's Republic of Ukraine , to design state symbols for the newly arisen state, assuming that Krychevskyj would be ideal as an artist with a strong knowledge of the history and culture of Ukraine, laconic symbols that to convey the essence of the young state, to create. Krychevskyj's draft Trysub was approved as the official coat of arms of Ukraine on March 28, 1918 .

In 1927 he was a professor of architecture at the Odessa Art Institute . Among the students was Iosif Karakis , who studied the interior of apartments and public buildings as well as color techniques with W. Krychevskyj. During the Soviet era, he was involved in twelve Ukrainian films either as a consultant or as artistic director, including the films Taras Shevchenko from 1926, Taras Trjassylo ( Тарас Трясило ) from 1927 and the first Ukrainian color film Sorochynskyj yarmarok ( Сорочинський якрочинський якрочинський якрочинський якрочинський якрочинський якрочинський якрочинський ).

In the spring of 1940, 1055 exhibits of his compositions from the period from 1892 to 1940 were shown in a large solo exhibition in Kiev. In the same year, together with his brother Fedir, he was awarded the titles of Honored Artist of the USSR and Doctor of Art Studies .

During the Second World War he left the city and went to Lviv , where he was one of the organizers and professor of painting at the local art academy from 1943 to 1944. He then went first to Slovakia and from there to West Germany . In 1945 he was elected honorary member of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in exile. In 1949 he emigrated to Venezuela. He died there in 1952, a month before his 80th birthday. His remains were transferred to the cemetery of St. Andrew Memorial Church in South Bound Brook , New Jersey , United States in 1975 .

An extensive collection of his paintings and watercolors is in the Ukrainian Museum in New York .

  • The Rolit House in Kiev

  • Poltava Regional Museum

  • small national coat of arms of the Ukrainian People's Republic

Web links

Commons : Wassyl Krychevskyj  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f biography and works by Wassyl Krytschewskyj on ukrainianart retrieved on February 3, 2017 (Ukrainian)
  2. ↑ a b c d Article on Krychevsky, Vasyl H. in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine , accessed on February 3, 2017 (English)
  3. ↑ a b article Wassyl Krytschewskyj - Simple, but epochal in Panorama from March 25, 2008; accessed on February 3, 2017 (Ukrainian)
  4. ↑ Юнаков О .: Архитектор Иосиф Каракис . Алмаз, Нью-Йорк 2016, ISBN 978-1-68082-000-3 , p. 53 .
  5. ^ Website of the museum about ; accessed on February 4, 2017
personal data
SURNAME Krychevskyj, Wassyl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Krychevskyj, Wassyl Hryhorowytsch (full name); Кричевський, Василь Григорович (Ukrainian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian art scholar, landscape painter, architect, graphic artist and set designer
DATE OF BIRTH January 12, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Vorozhba , Kharkov Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH November 15, 1952
Place of death Caracas , Venezuela