Weingartener Stifterbüchlein

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The Weingartener Stifterbüchlein ( Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Cod. Hist. 4 ° 584 ) is an illuminated manuscript that was probably produced around 1510 for the Reichsabbey Weingarten in Upper Swabia. The most important part of the collective manuscript are 40 full-page ideal portraits of members of the ruling families of the Guelphs and Staufers .

description

Sheet 8r, Emperor Maximilian I.

On sheet 1r in 1630 the Latin title "Historia Guelphica cum Iconibus" was noted. The original title can be found on sheet 7v "Diss replicas are the donors of the Hailigen Römischen Reichsgotzhaus Wingarten" . On sheet 8r follows a full-page dedication portrait of Emperor Maximilian I with the imperial eagle, the coat of arms of the electors and four coats of arms of the Habsburg countries.

From sheet 8v follows an early New High German text on the history of the Guelphs based on the Latin Historia Welforum and other sources.

This section, which traces the origins of the Guelphs back to the daughter of a Roman senator Catiline according to the Historia Welforum , is illustrated by 34 portraits of members of the Guelph family and 6 portraits of rulers from the Staufer family. The people are usually shown standing. The portraits are covered with ornate frames. In addition to descriptions of the life of the people depicted and their relationships, the text also contains some references to donations to Weingarten Abbey. With one exception (Welf VI. And Uta von Calw), married couples were placed opposite one another on double pages. With the inclusion of the Staufer rulers since Barbarossa (the son of a Welfin), the donor book is part of the Weingarten monastery tradition, which the Staufer seamlessly integrated into the early manuscripts of the Historia Welforum and the well-known Weingartener Welf family tree since the Welfs lost power at the end of the 12th century Row of the Guelph monastery founders and benefactors continued. The Hohenstaufen are represented almost as Guelphs; So Barbarossa is given a coat of arms shield, which shows next to the imperial eagle in the heart shield not the three black Hohenstaufen lions, but a single red Guelph lion.

On sheet 49r begins a Latin text on the history of the Weingartener Heilig-Blut-Reliquie in Mantua ( rubriced text beginning: Qualiter inventus sit gloriosus iste cruor ad laudem christi fideli narratione prosequamur ) and on the relic translation to Weingarten (fol. 57r-59r, rubricated transition: Modo dicetur quomodo iste sacrosanctus cruor venit ad flandrensem provintiam ). Of the six historical writings on the Holy Blood tradition in the Weingarten monastery tradition, each of which has been handed down in several manuscripts, this part of the Stifterbüchlein contains all but one.

From sheet 60r, a later attached fascicle with a consecration report from 1487 and (from sheet 64r) notes added in 1656 on altars and chapels in Weingarten monastery concludes the collective manuscript.

The inconspicuous cover dates from 1956.

history

The Württembergische Landesbibliothek dates the manuscript to around 1510, earlier it was also called "end of the 15th century". According to the text and the picture program, the donor book was undoubtedly commissioned by Weingarten Monastery, and according to the dedication portrait, it was obviously given to Emperor Maximilian I, which for unknown reasons never took place. Since there is no evidence of book illumination of this quality in Weingarten at the time of its creation, at least the book illumination was probably created elsewhere, for example in another monastery. The text could also have been written in Weingarten. Hans Ulrich Rudolf suspects the reason for the creation of the manuscript is the intention of the Weingarten abbot to ward off the threatened mediatization of the monastery by Austria. He calls the manuscript a "conscious and targeted political document that forges aspects of the history of the monastery into a weapon in order to preserve its political and legal status".

The parchment manuscript in the Württemberg State Library (Cod. Hist. 4 ° 584) is a true-to-outline copy of a previous paper manuscript that is now in the Stuttgart State Archives (B 515, No. 5b). Another, incomplete version of this paper manuscript on parchment is also in the Stuttgart Main State Archives (B 515 Hs. 5a). The Bayerische Staatsbibliothek has a Bavarian duke genealogy (Cgm 2822), which is probably based on the Stifterbüchlein and to which a copy of the little book with the portraits (without the Holy Blood texts) is attached. Such a manuscript is also in the Herzog August Library Wolfenbüttel (Cod. Guelf. 150 Extrav.).

After the secularization of the monastery, the magnificent parchment manuscript with the monastery library came to the Nassau-Orange family, through whom it came to the Royal Library of The Hague , which kept it under the shelf number 129 C 6 . In 1944 it was acquired by the Württemberg State Library in Stuttgart in exchange for a Dutch manuscript, which has since been kept under the shelf mark Cod. Hist. 4 ° 584 .

reception

The images of the manuscript were repeatedly taken up again in the Weingarten art of later centuries. Some of Gabriel Bucelin's drawings from the 17th century are dependent on the portraits in the Stifterbüchlein. When painting the baroque monastery church of St. Martin 1718–1720, Cosmas Damian Asam used the portraits in the donor book for six frescoes in the side aisles of the 2nd nave yoke. A donation board from the hand of the painter Ludwig Scheuch from 1732, which has been preserved in Weingarten Monastery, is also a copy of the donor booklet. Since the wife of the then reigning Emperor Charles VI. came from the Guelph house, the connection to the Guelph monastery founders had become particularly relevant again. From 1751–1752, four portraits from the donor booklet were engraved reproduced in Christian Ludwig Scheidt's Origines Guelficae .

Gallery of portraits

literature

  • Johannes von Arnoldi: Description of a codex picturatus of the Royal Dutch Library in Haag, recently titled: Historia Guelphica cum Iconibus. In fine Historia S. Sanguinis. In: Archive of the Society for Older German History , Vol. 3 (1821), pp. 37–47 ( digitized version )
  • Max Bach: The Welfen and Hohenstaufen pictures in Weingarten Monastery. In: Diözesanarchiv von Schwaben , 24th year 1906, pp. 177–181
  • Wolfgang Irtenkauf : Weingartner Welfenchronik , in: Stuttgarter Zimelien. Württemberg State Library - from the treasures of its manuscript collection. Württembergische Landesbibliothek, Stuttgart 1985, ISBN 3-88282-011-X , p. 78
  • Norbert Kruse : The historical Holy Blood writings of the Weingarten monastery tradition . In: 900 years of devotion to the Holy Blood in Weingarten. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1990, ISBN 3-7995-0398-6 , part 1, pp. 77–123 (with edition and German translation of the Holy Blood writings)
  • Hans Ulrich Rudolf , Norbert Kruse, Rainer Jensch: Welfish donor life in the monastery . In: 900 years of devotion to the Holy Blood in Weingarten. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1990, ISBN 3-7995-0398-6 , catalog section, pp. 104-108 (especially catalog texts K 5–7, K 9, K 17 on the three manuscripts and dependent works of art)
  • Hans Ulrich Rudolf: Precious book illumination as a political manifesto. The Weingartener Stifterbüchlein. In: Im Oberland , 1/2008, ISSN  0939-8864 , pp. 11-19
  • Klaus Graf : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Ladislaus Sunthaim and the South German Welf historiography. In: Nora Gädeke (Ed.): Leibniz as a collector and editor of historical sources (= Wolfenbütteler Forschungen. Vol. 129). Wiesbaden 2012, pp. 33–47 ( full text )

Web links

Commons : Weingartener Stifterbüchlein  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Graf, p. 41
  2. ↑ Rudolf, Kostbare Buchmalerei, p. 18, note 9, names the Historia Welforum , the Genealogia Welforum , an appendix to the Saxon World Chronicle, the Annales Welfici Weingartense and the painted family tree at the end of the Weingartener Nekrologs
  3. ^ Rudolf, catalog text K 7, p. 105
  4. ↑ on the veneration of the Holy Blood in Weingarten cf. the article Blood Kick
  5. ↑ Kruse, p. 78. Paper 1 De inventione is missing. The order of the writings available in the Stifterbüchlein is:
    • Paper 4 Inclitus martyr , Bl. 49r – 53v
    • Paper 5 Tempore quo , pp. 53v – 55r
    • Paper 6 Ea tempestate , Bl. 55v – 57r
    • Paper 2 De translatione , Bl. 57r – 58v
    • Paper 3 Sacrosante dominice , Bl. 58v – 59r
  6. ^ Rudolf, Precious Book Illumination, p. 11
  7. ↑ Irtenkauf names Augsburg or Konstanz as possible places of origin suggested otherwise
  8. ^ Rudolf, Kostbare Buchmalerei, especially pp. 15–19
  9. ^ Rudolf, Precious Book Illumination, p. 18
  10. ^ Inventory B 515 in the HStAS
  11. ↑ Digitized by Cgm 2822. Cf. Rudolf, Kostbare Buchmalerei, note 9. During Abbot Gerwig Blarer's tenure from 1520–1567, the little book or a copy was verifiably loaned from Weingarten to the Munich court. Rudolf calls Irtenkauf's assumption that the Weingartener Büchlein is dependent on the Bavarian genealogy "certainly incorrect".
  12. ^ Digitized by Cod. Guelf. 150 extrav. .
  13. ↑ Paul Lehmann: Dutch Travel fruits , paper 13 in: Proceedings of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, philosophical and philological and historical class . 1920, p. 23 ( digitized version )
  14. ↑ According to Rudolf, p. 11, according to the files, this exchange took place without compulsion.
  15. ↑ Manuscript of the Württemberg State Library, Stuttgart, HB V 4a, cf. Wolfgang Irtenkauf, Ingeborg Krekler: The manuscripts of the former court library Stuttgart. Vol. 2.2. Codices historici (HB V 1-105) . Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1975, p. 8 f. ( Digitized version )
  16. ↑ Images see gallery at Wikimedia Commons
  17. ↑ Jensch, catalog text K 17, pp. 107-108
  18. ↑ Vol. 2 ( Link , Link , Link ) and Vol. 3 ( Link )
  19. ↑ Leopold IV. Was the son of Agnes from Staufer, but has no family connection to the Guelphs (he was even their opponent) nor a connection to Weingarten; its reception is therefore puzzling (Rudolf, catalog text K5, p. 105)