Werderaner quail mountain
The Werderaner Wachtelberg is a 6.5 hectare large vineyard in the city of Werder / Havel in Brandenburg. It belongs to the area of Mansfeld lakes in the growing area Saale-Unstrut . It is one of the northernmost registered locations for quality wine cultivation (QbA) in the Federal Republic of Germany.
Location, climate and soil
The single layer Werderaner Wachtelberg is located on a sixty meter high hill in the Zauche landscape , which was shaped by the last Ice Age , west of the Havel . The ridge is a remnant of a compression moraine from the Vistula Ice Age , the youngest of the glaciation phases of the Pleistocene Ice Age that occurred in northern Europe and northern Central Europe .
The Werderaner Wachtelberg has a temperate climate , which is influenced by the Atlantic climate from the north and west as well as the continental climate from the east. Extreme weather such as storms, heavy hail or heavy snowfall are rare. The temperature curve corresponds roughly to the national German average. The seasonal temperature fluctuations are less than in the usual continental climate, but higher than in the more balanced marine climate of the coastal regions. The amount of precipitation is relatively low with an annual total of 519 mm. The single location is surrounded by the Havel lakes Schwielowsee and Großer Zernsee as well as Glindow Lake and Großer Plessower See . Due to its location in the middle of lakes, the annual average temperature in this area is slightly higher. The mean frost-free period from April 19 to October 24 is given as 187 days.
The peculiarity of the vineyard is that the vines grow on slightly loamy, diluvial sandy soils that can be easily heated. They have a clay share of 3.4 percent and a lime / marl share of 11 percent. This sandy soil produces mild, low-acid wines. In 1991 this vineyard was included in the Saale-Unstrut wine-growing region as a "single location free of large vineyards" and recognized by the EU. According to viticulture law, the Werderaner Wachtelberg belongs to the specific Saale-Unstrut cultivation area and is registered under no. 11.1.5.-017 as a single location in the Weinbergrolle . All wines have so far been pressed and developed in the state winery of Saxony-Anhalt " Kloster Pforta ". The 2012 harvest is processed in the winemaker's own cellar at Plessower Eck on Bundesstrasse 1 in Werder.
Origin of the vine culture in the marrow
The introduction of a wine culture in the Mark Brandenburg was part of the German expansion to the east , which was initiated around 1125 by King Lothar III. was advanced. As a result of this policy, Albrecht the Bear established his rule in Brandenburg and the Havelgau from 1150 . Historical studies show that vines and vines were introduced to Brandenburg from the west. This introduction is part of a west-east expansion of vine culture in the Middle Ages in connection with the expansion of Frankish and German rule and the spread of Christianity in Europe. Throughout the Middle Ages, the Roman Catholic Church and its monasteries were the promoters of wine culture in the Mark Brandenburg as well. The church encouraged viticulture because the wine was used for Holy Communion during Christianization. In addition to the Franconian and the Lower Rhine-Flemish settlers, the Cistercians played a decisive role in the spread of the vine culture on the Havel. This can be seen as the origin of viticulture in Werder.
→ see also: History of viticulture in Germany
History of the Werderaner quail mountain
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The Werderaner Wachtelberg belongs to one of the hills between the course of the Potsdamer Havel , the Glindow Lake and the Great Plessower Lake. The gently sloping slopes of the mountain from southeast to southwest were completely planted with vines in the 17th and 18th centuries. Poor weather conditions, the poor market situation due to predatory competition due to the improvement in transport connections and the resulting falling prices for wines from the Rhine area displaced viticulture. Fruit trees were planted on the previous vineyards. In the 1950s, Gutedel vines were still growing on the Wachtelberg. Many of them froze to death in the winter of 1955/56, but there were still some vines with grapes on the overgrown mountain in the 1970s. The areas were owned by smaller horticultural companies; In the early 1960s, in the course of collectivization, they were incorporated into horticultural production cooperatives (GPG) under strong social pressure. The difficult-to-manage areas on the Wachtelberg soon lay fallow. The reason was, among other things, the barren sandy soil with low yields in fruit tree cultivation. From 1983, the city of Werder requested that the fallow land be used. A first concept was the planting of sea buckthorn , wild roses and vines. In the spring of 1984, the city decided to develop an area of 4.7 hectares in order to also remember the historical roots of viticulture in Werder. With this forward-looking fundamental decision, work began and problems typical of the GDR, but solvable, began. By 1987, 17,200 grafted vines of the Müller-Thurgau grape variety were planted , which were obtained from Hungary and Saxony . 3500 concrete piles were placed for the wire frame scaffolding. In September 1987 the first grape harvest took place on a section of the plant. 342 kilograms of grapes were picked. This resulted in 274 bottles of wine in the Saxon wine cooperative . In the middle of September 1989 the first harvest of all vines on the Wachtelberg began. 22,740 kilograms of grapes with a must weight of 70 ° Öchsle were harvested. Part of the harvest was already pressed in the Pforta Monastery State Winery , today's Pforta Monastery Winery .
With the reunification of Germany, the question of maintaining or removing the vineyard arose, as German wine law automatically applied . In December 1991, the Wachtelberg vineyard area was declared worthy of preservation in an appraisal by the state teaching and research institute for agriculture, viticulture and horticulture Bad Kreuznach after a viticultural assessment. Due to its uniqueness in the region, the vineyard was given the title “worthy of protection”. The location is suitable for viticulture and with the temperature profile and the duration of sunshine in the vegetation phase and the amount of annual rainfall, there are no significant deviations from Würzburg or Ahrweiler . The slightly lower winter temperatures and the associated possibility of frost damage, the later budding and the shorter vegetation phase are named as disadvantages. The large water areas of the Havel and the lakes surrounding Werder, on the other hand, offer good conditions for a microclimate, as they have a temperature-equalizing effect. The floor is mentioned as a special feature in the report. It is almost pure sandy soil that can be heated very easily, but is very poor in nutrients and does not store much water. In 1993 the question of the existence of the vineyard arose again with the search for a new owner. GPG Obstproduktion Werder, which was in liquidation, handed over its ownership of 17,200 vines, the scaffolding, the vineyard building and a more than one and a half kilometer long fence system free of charge to the city of Werder on June 28, 1993, which then expressed its interest in maintaining the vineyard and to him handed over a tenant. After setbacks due to the complete infestation with downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) of the vineyard and the loss of the 1995 harvest and sales difficulties due to lack of experience in marketing, the association for the promotion of historic viticulture in the Werder area was founded in November 1995 on the initiative of the city and the lessee (Havel) eV As a new tenant and member of the association, the fruit growing consultant M. Lindicke took over the vineyard in January 1996 in order to build on the tradition of centuries-old viticulture on the Havel. In 2019, another 0.3 hectare parcel of the Wachtelberg was planted by the winemaker T. Lembke with 1,000 Solaris vines .
Varietal proportions on the Werderaner Wachtelberg
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| Grape variety | Acreage | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| regent | 1.82 ha | ||||||||
| Dornfelder | 0.68 ha | ||||||||
| Nature trail red | 0.14 ha | ||||||||
| Total red wine | 2.63 ha | ||||||||
| Müller-Thurgau | 2.46 ha | ||||||||
| Saphira | 0.25 ha | ||||||||
| Kernling | 0.08 ha | ||||||||
| Solaris | 0.30 ha | ||||||||
| Sauvignon blanc | 0.44 ha | ||||||||
| Nature trail-white | 0.26 ha | ||||||||
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Climate table
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Monthly average temperatures and precipitation for the Werderaner Wachtelberg
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Other Brandenburg vineyards and planted grape varieties
- See main article: List of Vineyards in Brandenburg
See also
literature
- Roland Fröhlich: At the polar circle of viticulture, Der Werderaner Wachtelberg , Vacat Verlag Potsdam 2001, ISBN 3-930752-17-4 .
- H. Berghaus: Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Margraviate of Lower Lusatia in the middle of the 19th century , 1st volume 1854 p. 553 ff
- B. Martin: Blumenstadt Werder - Chronicle, for the 675th anniversary, 1992 p. 15 ff
- Theodor Fontane, Walks through the Mark Brandenburg . Part 3. Havelland. (1st edition 1873.) Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung, Munich 1971, Frankfurt / M., Berlin, ISBN 3-485-00293-3 , page 488. (Chapter Die Werderschen , 1st section.)
Web links
- Page about the vineyard (accessed February 25, 2010)
- Presse, PNN from November 4, 2004 (accessed February 25, 2010)
- Website of the Friends' Association (PDF file, accessed on January 4, 2012)
- Text of the Wine Law
- Exact outline of the vineyard
Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ' N , 12 ° 56' E
Individual evidence
- ↑ German Wine Law § 2 Definitions Section 23
- ↑ Roland Fröhlich: At the polar circle of viticulture, Der Werderaner Wachtelberg, page 69
- ↑ Roland Fröhlich: At the polar circle of viticulture, Der Werderaner Wachtelberg, page 69
- ↑ State winery Pforta Monastery
- ↑ Roland Fröhlich: At the polar circle of viticulture, Der Werderaner Wachtelberg page 26
- ↑ Roland Fröhlich: At the polar circle of viticulture, Der Werderaner Wachtelberg, page 12
- ↑ Saxon wine cooperative
- ^ Märkische Allgemeine Zeitung of July 17, 1993
- ↑ Wine-growing index of the state of Brandenburg, wine-growing index. 33-2115 / 1 + 65, Ministry for Rural Development, Environment and Agriculture of the State of Brandenburg, status: May 2019