Wińsko

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Wińsko
Wińsko coat of arms
Wińsko (Poland)
Wińsko
Wińsko
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Wołów
Geographic location : 51 ° 28 '  N , 16 ° 38'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 28 '0 "  N , 16 ° 38' 0"  E
Residents : 1600
Postal code : 56-160
Telephone code : (+48) 71
License plate : DWL
Economy and Transport
Street : Scinawa - Rawicz
Next international airport : Wroclaw
Gmina
Gminatype: Rural community
Surface: 249.54 km²
Residents: 8316
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 33 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 0222022
Administration (as of 2011)
Community leader : Ryszard Mirytiuk
Address: pl. Wolności 2
56-160 Wińsko
Website : www.winsko.pl



Wińsko [ viɲskɔ ] ( German Tiny ) is a village and former city in wołów county in the province of Lower Silesia in Poland.

Geographical location

Tiny north of Wohlau on a map from 1905

The village is located in Lower Silesia , about 15 km north of Wołów ( Wohlau ) and 60 kilometers northwest of Wroclaw .

history

Street with the (until 1945 Protestant) local church in the background
Nave from the side

The first mention of a Slavic village Vin comes from the year 1218. Duke Primislaus / Primko I. von Sprottau und Steinau founded the town of Wintzig in 1285 according to German law ( jure Teutonico ) of the town of Steinau , which was laid out with regular streets around a large ring . The wooden church from 1272 was replaced by a solid structure in 1354. In 1404 Winzig received Magdeburg law . Balthasar Gebhardt from Winzig, a student of Philipp Melanchthon , introduced the Reformation in his hometown in 1523 .

The city fire of 1514 almost completely destroyed the place. The church was rebuilt immediately after the fire, a three-aisled Gothic hall church was created .

With the death of the Duke I. Georg Wilhelm came Tiny along with the duchies of Liegnitz , Brieg and Wohlau by reversion to the crown of Bohemia . In his capacity as King of Bohemia, Emperor Leopold I introduced the Counter-Reformation in Silesia in 1696 . The church in Winzig was one of the churches that were returned to the Protestant parish in accordance with the Altranstadt Convention of 1707. The remaining small Catholic community later built its own church.

A small agricultural town remained tiny, the surroundings offered good conditions for agriculture. Its importance as a trading center for the grain trade with Poland was lost in the course of the 18th century.

The tiny cattle markets were also important, later processing plants for agricultural products settled in the city and the surrounding area. In Kunern (Konary), Franz Karl Achard opened his first sugar factory in 1802 . In the city there was a Protestant church, a Catholic church, a synagogue and a district court.

In 1945 the town of Winzig belonged to the district of Wohlau in the administrative district of Breslau in the Prussian province of Lower Silesia of the German Empire .

Towards the end of the Second World War , Winzig was occupied by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 . Winzig had been badly damaged in previous battles with the German Wehrmacht . In the summer of 1945, Winzig and almost all of Silesia were placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying forces . The Poles introduced the place name Wińsko for tiny . The local German population was subsequently expelled from Winzig by the local Polish administrative authority . After 1945 the town charter was revoked and the village fell into insignificance. There was no reconstruction in the destroyed place until 1967, so that the townscape today has large open spaces. The Gothic church survived the war unscathed.

Population development

year Residents Remarks
1787 1,488
1825 1,710
1875 2,255
1880 2,304
1890 2.122 315 Catholics and 48 Jews
1905 1,814 including 294 Catholics and 37 Jews
1933 2.176
1939 2,076
1961 1,200

local community

The rural community (gmina wiejska) Wińsko covers an area of ​​249.54 km² with 8684 inhabitants (2005). These include the following locations:

  • Baszyn ( Beschine , 1937–1945: Hartfelde )
  • Białawy Małe ( Klein Baulwie , 1937–1945: Röhrsborn )
  • Białawy Wielkie ( Groß Baulwie , 1937–1945: Ulmenau )
  • Budków ( Bautke , 1937–1945: Eichdamm )
  • Buszkowice (Hochbauschwitz)
  • Buszkowice Małe (Klein Bauschwitz)
  • Gryżyce (Krischütz)
  • Głębowice ( Glumbowitz , 1937–1945: Alteichenau ), see also: Glumbowitz Castle
  • Iwno (Ibsdorf)
  • Konary (Kunern) , place of work and place of death of the natural scientist Franz Karl Achard
  • Kozowo ( Kaschwen , 1937–1945: Brunnwiese )
  • Krzelów (Krehlau)
  • Łazy (Lahse)
  • Małowice (Kunzendorf)
  • Moczydlnica Klasztorna (Mönchmotschelnitz)
  • Morzyna ( Mersine , 1937–1945: Maibach NS )
  • Piskorzyna ( Piskorsine, 1937–1945: Kirchlinden )
  • Rudawa (Seifrodau)
  • Smogorzów Wielki (Large Schmograu)
  • Turzany (Wińsko) (Exau)
  • Węgrzce (Wangern)
  • Wińsko (Tiny)
  • Wyszęcice (Wischütz)

Partnerships

There has been a partnership between Hollenstedt and Wińsko since 2008 . On June 10, 1956, the city ​​of Meschede in Germany sponsored the refugees from the former Silesian city of Winzig.

Sons and daughters

Christian Gottfried Krause
(1719–1770)

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Wintzig in the Topographia Bohemiae, Moraviae et Silesiae  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Gustav A. Tzschoppe u. Gustav A. Stenzel, collection of documents on the history of the origins of cities and the introduction and spread of German colonists and rights in Silesia and Upper Lusatia (Hamburg 1832), pp. 401–402.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Wohllau.html # ew39wohlwinzig. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  4. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon. 6th edition. Volume 20, Leipzig / Vienna 1909, p. 681.
  5. ^ Website of the city of Meschede / sponsorship Winzig