Wilhelm Alexander friend

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Wilhelm Alexander friend

Wilhelm Alexander Freund (born August 26, 1833 in Krappitz , Upper Silesia , † December 24, 1917 in Berlin ) was a German gynecologist and obstetrician.

Life

Alexander Wilhelm Freund was born into a Jewish family as the son of the doctor Heinrich Freund . He attended the Royal Catholic Gymnasium in Opole and received the certificate of maturity in 1851 . Originally he wanted to study architecture , but because of his Jewish descent, he was not accepted into the Royal State Building School in Berlin . Therefore, he decided to study medicine at the University of Wroclaw . After graduating as Dr. med. In 1855 he became an assistant at the Breslau University Women's Clinic. He completed his habilitation in July 1860, settled in Breslau as a private lecturer and opened a practice as a gynecologist. In 1864, at the age of about 31, he was appointed titular professor without venia legendi . In 1874 he was appointed associate professor of gynecology and obstetrics in Breslau. During a spa stay in Karlsbad in August 1876, he met Karl Marx and his daughter Eleanor Marx and entered into an exchange of letters with Marx. In 1878, as the successor to Adolf Gusserow , he was offered the chair of gynecology at the Kaiser Wilhelms University in Strasbourg, which was founded in 1871 . After his retirement in 1901, Freund settled in Berlin and also published literature on aesthetics during this time. Wilhelm Alexander Freund died on December 24, 1917 at the age of 84 in Berlin.

Act

In 1858, in a work on costal cartilage anomalies, Freund described the Freund's anomaly, which is still named after him today, a narrowing of the upper thoracic opening as a result of a congenital shortening of the first rib with calcification of the first costal cartilage. On January 30, 1878, Freund succeeded in Breslau, the first scientifically sound and reproducible simple total removal of a cancerous uterus via an abdominal incision. It was only 20 years later that Ernst Wertheim developed radical abdominal hysterectomy . The technique of Freund's operation is essentially the same as that used today for hysterectomy via an abdominal incision. In 1885, on Freund's initiative, the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics was founded in Strasbourg after an earlier initiative by Carl Siegmund Franz Credé had failed in 1877.

Fonts

  • Contributions to the histology of costal cartilage in normal and pathological conditions . In commission of the A. Gosohorsky'schen Buchhandlung (LF Maske), Breslau 1858. (digitized version)
  • The association of certain lung diseases with primary costal cartilage abnormalities . Ferdinand Enke, Erlangen 1859. (digitized version)
  • For the pathology and therapy of the outdated inversio uteri puerperalis and the complicated prolapsus uteri . Bial and Freund, Breslau 1870 (digitized version)
  • A new method of extirpating the whole uterus . Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1875 (collection of clinical lectures. Gynecology. 41)
  • Commemorative speech for Ludwig Traube , given at the meeting of the Medical Section of the Silesian Society for Patriotic Culture and Science in Breslau on April 28, 1876 . Bial & Freund, Breslau 1876.
  • A new method of extirpating the whole uterus. Collection of clinical lectures. In: R. Volkmann (ed.): Connection with German clinicians. Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig, 41, 1878, pp. 911-924.
  • Look into culture life . Verlag der Schletter'schen Buchhandlung (E. Franck), Breslau 1879. (digitized version)
  • as publisher: Gynecological Clinic . Karl J. Trübner, Strasbourg 1885. ( online at Open Library )
  • On "Don Sassafras" ( Erich Schmidt ) and "About the pathological in Goethe " ( PJ Möbius ) . JF Lehmann, Munich, 1898.
  • On neurasthenia hysterica and female hysteria. L. Simion, Berlin 1904 (Modern Medical Library 3)
  • The artificial interruption of pregnancy, its indications and its methodology. 9th lecture In: E. v. Leyden, F. Klemperer (Ed.): The German Clinic at the Entrance of the Twentieth Century in Academic Lectures. Volume 9, Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1904.
  • About primary thoracic anomalies, especially the rigid dilatation of the thorax as a cause of pulmonary emphysema. According to new examinations carried out in the pathological institute of the Friedrichshain hospital . Karger, Berlin 1906.
  • with Ludwig Mendelsohn: The connection between the infantilism of the thorax and the pelvis . Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1908. (digitized version)
  • Life and work. Thoughts and experiences about work in medicine. With 10 illustrations and the portrait of the author . Julius Springer, Berlin 1913. Digitized Contents
  • An old medic's allotria. A deadly talk about the misery of artists and writers in life, death and after death. Julius Springer, Berlin 1917. ISBN 978-3-662-39567-7 .
  • Operation of uterine cancer. In: Barbara Albrecht (Ed.): Diagnoses. Medical memories from the 20th century. 5th edition. Der Morgen, Berlin 1989, pp. 76-81.

A literary suggestion

Freund's removal of the uterus in case of uterine cancer formed the inspiration for Theodor Storm's penultimate novella, A Confession , written in 1887 . Freund sums up the content in a letter to the gynecologist Richard Frommel as follows: “A young doctor (some passages indicate that I am his teacher) gives in to his wife's insistence on redemption through a fatal dose of morphine, and shortly afterwards reads the 'new method the total extirpation of his teacher's uterus and falls into desolate despair. ”Storm found out about Freund's deed through his nephew, the doctor Ludwig Glaevecke (1855–1905).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. De indicationibus venaesectionis rationalibus. Breslau 1855. (Medical dissertation of August 15, 1855).
  2. Alexander Guilelmus Freund: De fistula uretero-uterina conspectu historico fistularum urinariarum mulierum premisso. Wroclaw 1860.
  3. ^ Egon Erwin Kisch : Karl Marx in Karlsbad. 3. Edition. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin / Weimar 1983.
  4. ^ Wilhelm Alexander Freund to Karl Marx September 7, 1876; Karl Marx to Wilhelm Alexander Freund January 21, 1877; Wilhelm Alexander Freund to Karl Marx July 29, 1877.
  5. Dedicated to the memory of my Louise.
  6. To his dear Gustav Schwalbe on the threshold of the 70th year in loyal friendship. WA friend. (S. III.)
  7. See also: Life and Work. Thoughts and experiences about work in medicine , p. 128 f.
  8. ^ R. Frommel: Etiology, symptomatology, diagnosis and radical treatment of uterscarcinoma. In: J. Veit (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Gynäkologie. Volume 3, 2nd half. Bergmann, Wiesbaden 1899, pp. 256-460, here p. 444.