Wilhelm August Rieder
Wilhelm August Rieder (born October 30, 1796 in Oberdöbling ; † September 8, 1880 in Vienna ) was an Austrian portrait , genre and history painter as well as draftsman and lithographer . He is the most famous portraitist of Franz Schubert .
Life
Wilhelm August Rieder was the second son of Ambros Rieder , a schoolmaster, choir director and composer of over 500 mostly church works. He lived in Oberdöbling, his birthplace, like his four brothers until his father moved to Perchtoldsdorf near Vienna.
WA Rieder received elementary school and music lessons from his father. One soon recognized his talent for drawing. It brought him to the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna at the age of 16 . There he studied with Hubert Maurer (* 1738; † 1818). He remained enrolled at the academy until 1824 and graduated in 1825.
The works of his early days are close to the Nazarenes .
The son of the Perchtoldsdorf schoolmaster, who was certainly not well off, was sponsored by the cabinet designer (cabinet clerk) Valentin Günther, a friend of Mozart, and by Franz Christoph Artmann, a Lower Austrian government secretary, who took young Rieder into board and lodging free of charge and that for five years Study paid. Afterwards he was supported again by patrons , for example Count Sarau with orders for copies in the Belvederegalerie Vienna .
From 1857 to 1878 he was a curator at the Belvederegalerie.
His relationship with Franz Schubert
While studying at the academy, Rieder joined the circle of friends of painters and poets around Franz Schubert. Schubert and Rieder were of the same age and were soon on friendly terms. Rieder had a piano available in his apartment, but Schubert did not. He offered Schubert to use the piano, as he soon recognized his great talent. Schubert made use of this to an extent that Rieder soon became uncomfortable. So both agreed to meet a sign. If the curtains were drawn on a certain window, Rieder wanted to be quiet.
Rieder's most famous Schubert painting was created in 1825, showing the composer sitting on a chair with glasses. Moritz von Schwind described it as “probably the best Schubert picture”. It was quickly sketched in June 1825 when Rieder fled from a downpour to his friend Schubert's sublet apartment (today Technikergasse 9 next to Karlskirche ). Rieder also took part in the " Schubertiaden " several times . After Schubert's death (1828), contact with his friends loosened.
Numerous Schubert portraits by WA Rieder are kept in the Vienna Schubert memorials “Birthplace”, Nussdorfer Straße 54 (oil painting from 1875 in the living room, based on the watercolor from 1825), and “Death Room”, Kettenbrückengasse 6.
Works
For the Belvederegalerie Vienna, Rieder copied, among other things:
- The “archer” from Correggio
- The "Saint Justina" by Giovanni Antonio da Pordenone
- " Helene Fourment " (Rubens' wife) by Rubens
- "Titian's Beloved" by Titian
His portraits (alongside those of Franz Schubert):
- Ferdinand and August, princes of Saxe-Coburg, in Hungarian costume
- Guard Captain Marquis of Somariva
- Councilor Demeter von Görög
- Emperor Franz I in the Austrian imperial robe, life-size, for the university hall in Graz
- "Child with Arms Crossed", 1846
- “Portrait of a Belgian officer in civilian clothes”, 1836
- "Portrait of Georg Hubmer, Schemmmeister in the Naßwaldthal", August 1819
- and many others, in oil and miniature.
Sacred motifs:
- "Christ kneeling and praying on the Mount of Olives" (later spread through many, sometimes mediocre copies)
- “Saint Jerome”, 1820 in the art exhibition
- “Saint Rosalia”, a smaller oil painting
- “Die Heilige Rosalia”, life-size, bought from the Wiener Kunstverein
- "Saint Elizabeth", 1839
- “Saint Catherine of Siena”, exhibited in 1842 in the Volksgarten Vienna .
- "Adoration of the Child"
- "Hagar in the desert"
Some of his smaller watercolors, mostly historical, include:
- "The Adoration of the Shepherds"
- "Elisabeth, Landgravine of Thuringia"
- "The charity of St. Elisabeth"
- Register sheets for Archduke Ludwig and Archduchess Maria Elisabeth.
Some of Rieder's works were shown in the exhibitions of the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna:
- 1820 "Sennhütte on the Schneeberg"
- 1826 "Skipper from Upper Austria"
- 1841 “The Lily of St. Leonhard” based on Walter Scott ’s novel “Dungeon of Edinburgh” (This picture was included in the “Modern Department” of the Belvedere Gallery).
- 1843 " Maria Stuart says goodbye", illustration for Walter Scott's novel 'Dungeon of Edinburgh'
- 1844 "Scene from Walter Scott's novel 'Dungeons of Edinburgh'"
- "Madonna"
- 1845 "fruit girl"
Most of Wilhelm August Rieder's works are now in private hands and in small collections.
Source: Austrian National Library .
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Rieder, Wilhelm August . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 26th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1874, pp. 107–110 ( digitized version ).
- 52nd Art Auction by CJ Wawra: Catalog of the artistic estate of the history painter Wilhelm August Rieder. CJ Wawra, Vienna 1881.
- Rieder, Wilhelm August . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 28 : Ramsden-Rosa . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1934, p. 322 .
- Prof. August Bangert: On the 100th anniversary of WA Rieder's death. Perchtoldsdorf 1980.
- G. Wacha: Rieder Wilhelm August. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 9, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-7001-1483-4 , p. 140.
- Otto Erich Deutsch (Hrsg.): Schubert: the memories of his friends (reprint of the Leipzig edition, 1957), Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1995, ISBN 3-7651-0186-9 .
- Ernst Hilmar : Schubert [picture biography], Graz: Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsges., 2nd corrected edition, 1996, ISBN 3-201-01474-5 .
Web links
- Literary works with illustrations by WA Rieder in the Berlin State Library
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Rieder, Wilhelm August |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian painter, draftsman and lithographer |
DATE OF BIRTH | October 30, 1796 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Oberdöbling |
DATE OF DEATH | September 8, 1880 |
Place of death | Vienna |